Tracking Achivement Gaps and Assessing the Impact of NCLB on the Gaps Harvard Civil Rights Project

Tracking Achievement Gaps and Assessingthe Impact of NCLB on the Gaps:

An In-depth Look into National and State Readingand Math Outcome Trends

By

Jaekyung Lee

Graduate School of EducationState University of New York at Buffalo

Foreword by Gary OrfieldJune 2006

Copyright © 2006 by President and Fellows of Harvard CollegeAll rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced or transmitted in anyform or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopy, recording, or anyinformation storage and retrieval systems, without permission in writing from The CivilRights Project.This publication should be cited as:Lee, J. (2006).

Tracking achievement gaps and assessing the impact of NCLB on the gaps: An in-depth look into national and state reading and math outcome trends.

Cambridge, MA: The Civil Rights Project at Harvard University.Additional copies of this report may be obtained from our website at:http://www.civilrightsproject.harvard.eduProduced with generous support from the Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation and theCharles Stewart Mott Foundation.

1TABLE OF CONTENTSLIST OF TABLES..............................................................................................................2LIST OF FIGURES............................................................................................................2ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS................................................................................................4FOREWORD......................................................................................................................5EXECUTIVE SUMMARY..............................................................................................10Key Findings.................................................................................................................10PART 1: INTRODUCTION............................................................................................12Achievement Gap Trends.............................................................................................12Mixed Reactions to NAEP Reports on Post-NCLB Reading and Math AchievementTrends...........................................................................................................................13Discrepancies between NAEP and States’ Assessment Reports on Reading and MathAchievement Trends.....................................................................................................14Design and Organization of Studies in the Report........................................................15PART 2: NATIONAL TRENDS IN NAEP....................................................................20 National NAEP Reading and Math Scale Score Trends...............................................20 National NAEP Reading and Math Proficiency Trends...............................................31PART 3: STATE ACHIEVEMENT TRENDS IN NAEP...............................................35State NAEP Reading and Math Scale Score Trends.....................................................35State NAEP Reading and Math Proficiency Trends.....................................................42Effects of State Accountability Policies on the NAEP Reading and Math AchievementTrends...........................................................................................................................42PART 4: DISCREPANCIES BETWEEN NAEP AND STATE ASSESSMENTRESULTS.........................................................................................................................47 NAEP vs. State Assessment Results on the Average Proficiency and the Gap............47Effects of State Accountability on the Divergence of NAEP and State AssessmentResults...........................................................................................................................51 NAEP vs. State Assessment Results on Post-NCLB Proficiency Gains......................53PART 5: CONCLUSION................................................................................................56REFERENCES.................................................................................................................59APPENDIX A. DATA AND STATISTICAL METHODS.............................................63APPENDIX B. MEASURES OF STATE ACCOUNTABILITY AND THEDISCREPANCIES BETWEEN NAEP AND STATE ASSESSMENT IN READINGAND MATH PROFICIENCY..........................................................................................67APPENDIX C. SUPPORTING TABLES........................................................................71

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