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Chapter 11The Muscular System
 
Muscle Attachment Sites: Origin& Insertion
Skeletal muscles cause movements byexerting force on tendons, which pulls onbones or other structures.
Articulating bones usually do not moveequally in response to contraction.
the attachment of a tendon to the stationary bone iscalled the
origin.
the attachment of the muscle’s other tendon to themovable bone is called the
insertion
.
the
action/s
of a muscle are the main movementsthat occur during contraction (e.g., flexion orextension).
 
Lever Systems
A
lever
is a rigid structure that can movearound a fixed point called a
fulcrum
.
A lever is acted on at two different points bytwo different forces:
the
effort
, which causes movement, and
the
load
or
resistance
, which opposes movement.
 The
effort
is the force due to muscularcontraction; the
load
is the weight that ismoved or some
resistance
an object to beingmoved (e.g., weight of a book to be overcomebefore you can pick it up).
Motion occurs when the effort applied to thebone at the insertion exceeds the load.
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