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Drug Management of Diabetes Mellitus
Dr. S .K. Maulik
 
Diabetes Mellitus
It is a group of metabolic diseasescharacterized by hyperglycemia resultingfrom defects in insulin secretion, insulinaction, or bothTwo major types: Type 1 and Type 2There is either ABSOLUTEor RELATIVE deficiency of insulinIn 2010, the number worldwide isprojected to reach 221 millionIn Asia and Africa, diabetes rates couldrise two- to threefold
 
Criteria for the diagnosis of diabetes mellitus
A.Casual plasma glucose concentration ≥200 mg/dl (11.1 mmol/l), with or withoutclassic symptoms
Casual is defined as any time of day without regard to time since last meal.The classic symptoms of diabetes include polyuria, polydipsia, and unexplainedweight loss.
OR
Fasting Plasma Glucose is ≥ 126 mg/dl (7.0 mmol/l). 
Fasting is defined as no caloric intake for at least 8 h.
OR
2-h post glucose load is ≥ 200 mg/dl (11.1 mmol/l)
during an OGTT.Oral Glucose Tolerance Test should be performed as described by WHO, taking aglucose load of 75 g glucose dissolved in water 
HbA1c
It measures the amount of glycosylated hemoglobin in bloodIt is not useful for the diagnosis of diabetes mellitusIt is often used for monitoring long-term glycemic control and reflect glycemiafor the previous 3 monthsIts recommended level for a good glycemic is less than 6.5%.
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