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Anatomic andPhysiologic Overview
• 
The
hematologic
system consist of the blood andthe sites where blood is produced, including the bonemarrow and
the reticulo endothelial
 
system(RES).
Blood is a specialized organ thatdiffers from other organs in that it exists in a fluidstate. Blood is composed of plasma and various typesof cells
. Plasma
is the fluid portion of blood; itcontains various proteins, such asalbumin,globulin,
fibrinogen
,and other factorsnecessary for clotting, as well as electrolytes, wasteproducts, and nutrients. About 55% 0f blood volumeis plasma.
 
BLOODThe cellular component of blood consist of three primarycell types:RBCs(red blood cells or erythrocytes),WBCs(white blood cells or leukocytes),andplatelets(thrombocytes).These cellular components of bloodnormally make up 40% to 45% of blood volume. Becausemost blood cells have a short life span, the need for thebody to replenish its supply of cells is continuous; thisprocess is termed hematopoiesis.The primary site for hematopoiesis is the bone marrow. During embryonicdevelopment and in other conditions, the liver and spleenmay also be involved.
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