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Fate or Free Will
 Robert E. SvobodaWhen asked to speak about whether we are here by our fate or by our free will:
OM Vakratunda mahakaya, surya koti sama prabha, nirvighnam kuru me deva, sarvakaryesu sarvada
...
Maha Ganapataye Namah
 Reluctant as I am to disappoint anyone, I should tell you from the outset that the questionthat you have perhaps come here to have answered, a question that has exercised variousminds over the course of many hundreds or perhaps thousands of years, is a question thathas no answer. Many people, having attained their own answers to this question, becomevery attached to their perspective on whether fate or free will predominates, and in eachage a strong preference for a particular perspective tends to develop. The innate humantendency to exaggerate means that, when presented with an option to move either in thedirection of moderation or of extremism, a majority of humans will automatically veer towards extremism. For example, many new age people (I am of course generalizinghere) believe themselves to possess so much free will that they can pretty well changeanything just by deciding to change it. And while this is indeed true for everybody; tosome degree, it is true for some people to a greater degree than it is for others; and eventhose whose free will seems abundant will generally find it scarce at certain times in their lives. Here is another unanswerable question: suppose we have the desire to change, andwe actually follow through on the change; does that change happens because we had thefree will to effect it, or rather because we were fated to make the change and it simplyshowed up at that point?To those people who are most fated to go through life with narrowed minds we can applythe Sanskrit term
kupamanduka
.
 Kupa
means well and
manduka
means frog; to a frogthat lives at the bottom of a well the sky is a small circle that seems far, far away. So longas the frog remains at the bottom of its well, it will remain with its misperception. If,however, either by the action of some fate-as for example a bucket dropping down intowhich the frog can hop-or by the exertion of free will-if by chance the sides of the wellare not entirely slick but have little protuberances along which the frog can choose toclimb-the frog happens to land at the top of the well, then suddenly the vast panoply of the celestial region is revealed to it, and only there as it stares amazedly at the intricaciesof the heavens will it realize how wrong its earlier, narrower perspective had been.The further down you find yourself in the well of your own preconceptions, the greater the degree to which these conditionings will make it difficult for you to perceive possibilities for reality other than those that present themselves to your small, circular 
 
vision. If you are down far enough, your views on every subject are likely to be extreme.From time to time as I interact with people in my guise as a physician, I run across theextreme form of this extreme view, when I hear people tell me that some health professional of the new age variety has told them that, if they are not getting well, it is because they wish to be sick. Now, undoubtedly this is sometimes the case, and yes, Ihave seen many people who are unwell because they have some good reason to be sick.Maybe it gets them sympathy from other family members; maybe it allows them to avoidthe housework, or not go to work, or whatever. However-it is also very much the casethat not every sick person is sick because they want to be sick. Sometimes illness is amatter of free will, and sometimes it is a matter of fate. To assume that sickness is alwaysdue to some desire to be sick, and that every patient could swiftly get well by simplywilling to be well, seems to me a dramatic misreading of the Law of Karma. Human beings tend to dramatically misread the Law of Karma, for human beings, given theoption of perceiving things clearly or perceiving things with a bias, will generally movein the direction of bias. We do this because we exist in an extraordinarily dense realm of reality, where we find ourselves because of the density of the karmas that caused us to be born here.Fashions in bias do change; if today in the "modernized" world many people pooh-poohthe thought of fate, many "traditional" people remain convinced that everything in our lives is fated. Thousands of years ago certain Upanishads express the opinion that, shouldan individual fall ill, the worst thing he or she could do would be to go to a doctor. Thesetexts explain that people become unwell as a result of unwise karmas, the results of eachof which will have eventually be endured. Going to a doctor will just to postpone or attempt to evade those karmas. Instead of that, better to be brave about it, stiffen your upper lip, and plow through that misery without attempting to ameliorate it in any way.This view regarded the whole idea of doctoring as being somehow non-dharmic,immoral, anti-religious. The
Charaka Samhita
, Ayurveda's most famous text, was written partly in response to this "holier than thou" and "karmically purer than thou" attitude thenrampant among the priestly characters who composed screeds like these Upanishads.The
Charaka Samhita
contains a passage describing this priestly attitude, in which it asksthe question, even if it is your fate to be unwell, what if it is also your fate to locate a physician? Is it reasonable to deliberately accept the undesirable fate simply because of some theoretical belief that it might somehow help you out in the future? Should you notinstead respect the fact that providence has provided you an opportunity to assist your healing process? Naturally the physician's opinion was that patients should not be afraidto come to doctors and spend their hard-earned money on cures, which might or mightnot work; and naturally, if you sicken further or even die after the physicians have donetheir best to cure you, they may well claim that it was your fate not to respond to themedicine. Despite all this, aren't you still better off trying out medicine instead of simplysitting back quietly and accepting your fate-assuming of course that you have somereasonably competent physician available to you?Of course, if you do go to the doctor, and you do take the medicine, and you do get well,we will never really know what would have happened if you hadn't; we'll never know if 
 
you got well because of the doctor or in spite of the doctor-except in those cases wheremalpractice clearly was the cause of your demise. Similarly, if you go to an astrologer who tells you to go out and feed crows on Saturday, and you do that and your problemwith Saturn gets solved, was it solved because you fed the crows or in spite of your feeding them? We will never know.And if it is not easy to know whether something is fated or not, it is also not easy to knowif a particular fated event is actually good or bad for you. There is an old Chinese story of a horse who wanders into a farmer's yard. The neighbors complement the farmer on hisgood fortune at obtaining a free horse. The farmer says, "Let's see." Then as the farmer'sson tries to mount the horse he falls off and breaks his leg. The neighbors commiseratewith the farmer, but the farmer says, "Let's see." Then the emperor's troops come throughdragooning men into the army for a suicide attack against the barbarians, and fortunatelythe son can't go because he is laid up with a broken leg, and when the neighbors again proclaim that to be a good fate, the farmer's response is again, "Let's see."Ultimately we can rarely know for certain in advance whether it is a good idea or a badidea to perform any single action. If you finally do decide to visit a doctor, suppose youhappen to fall into the hands of the local quack? Or into the hands of an expert who ishaving an off day? Or suppose that you run into someone who succeeds with 99.9% of his patients, but you happen to be among the 0.1% of patients who fall into the area inwhich his blind spot is located. This question of the blind spot comes closer to the crux of the matter, for every human being has one. We can define the blind spot as an area of lifein which you cannot be sure that you will be able to see things accurately. In such a case,it is very likely that the things of this life aspect will be "fated" for you, because you willnot be able to see how to shift them. In this regard you are moving blind, which meansthat most any action you take will cause you to end up wherever it is that chaos theory, or  Nature, or providence, or God, or the theory of causation, wants to take you.This being the case, it is generally not such a good idea to assume that you will get animmediate result whenever you express your intention to do something and proceedahead to do it. Generally also it is not a good idea to assume you will get no result if youattempt to make a change, as many people do. In this regard the Presbyterians come tomind. I will not claim that I understand the intricacies of Presbyterians dogma, but I havealways been led to believe that they believe in predestination, an idea that certain peopleare destined to head to the celestial realms, and certain other people are destined to headelsewhere. I can only speak for myself, but I suspect that, if I were to believe myself  predestined for heaven, that I would neither worry about performing any good workswhile on Earth, nor would I worry overmuch about others, other than perhaps to sendthem compassion in the hope that God would eventually change His mind and sendeveryone to a pleasant location.The Presbyterians aside, it appears to me to be more common for people in the east tosubscribe to fatedness, particularly with regard to the major events of their lives. To acertain extent this is because of what my mentor would call karmic gravity-the astralgravity of the location in which a person thinks, which influences the thoughts that arise.
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