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Sections

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  • WHAT PF IS
  • Packet Filter? Firewall? A Few Important Terms Explained
  • Network Address Translation
  • Why the Internet Lives on a Few White Lies
  • Internet Protocol, Version 6 on the Far Horizon
  • The Temporary Masquerade Solution Called NAT
  • PF Today
  • LET’S GET ON WITH IT
  • Simplest Possible PF Setup on OpenBSD
  • Simplest Possible PF Setup on FreeBSD
  • Simplest Possible PF Setup on NetBSD
  • First Rule Set—A Single, Stand-Alone Machine
  • Slightly Stricter, with Lists and Macros
  • Statistics from pfctl
  • INTO THE REAL WORLD
  • A Simple Gateway, NAT If You Need It
  • Gateways and the Pitfalls of in, out, and on
  • What Is Your Local Network, Anyway?
  • Setting Up
  • Testing Your Rule Set
  • That Sad Old FTP Thing
  • FTP Through NAT: ftp-proxy
  • FTP, PF, and Routable Addresses: ftpsesame, pftpx, and ftp-proxy
  • New-Style FTP: ftp-proxy
  • Making Your Network Troubleshooting Friendly
  • Then, Do We Let It All Through?
  • The Easy Way Out: The Buck Stops Here
  • Letting ping Through
  • Helping traceroute
  • Path MTU Discovery
  • Tables Make Your Life Easier
  • WIRELESS NETWORKS MADEEASY
  • A Little IEEE 802.11 Background
  • MAC Address Filtering
  • Picking the Right Hardware for the Task
  • Setting Up a Simple Wireless Network
  • The Access Point’s PF Rule Set
  • If Your Access Point Has Three or More Interfaces
  • Handling IPsec, VPN Solutions
  • The Client Side
  • Guarding Your Wireless Network with authpf
  • A Basic Authenticating Gateway
  • Wide Open but Actually Shut
  • BIGGER OR TRICKIER NETWORKS
  • When Others Need Something in Your Network: Filtering Services
  • A Webserver and a Mail Server on the Inside—Routable Addresses
  • A Degree of Physical Separation: Introducing the DMZ
  • Getting Load Balancing Right with hoststated
  • A Webserver and a Mail Server on the Inside—The NAT Version
  • Back to the Single NATed Network
  • Filtering on Interface Groups
  • The Power of Tags
  • The Bridging Firewall
  • Basic Bridge Setup on OpenBSD
  • Basic Bridge Setup on FreeBSD
  • Basic Bridge Setup on NetBSD
  • The Bridge Rule Set
  • Handling Nonroutable Addresses from Elsewhere
  • TURNING THE TABLES FOR PROACTIVE DEFENSE
  • Turning Away the Brutes
  • You May Not Need to Block All of Your Overloaders
  • Tidying Your Tables with pfctl
  • The Forerunner: expiretable
  • Giving Spammers a Hard Time with spamd
  • Remember, You Are Not Alone: Blacklisting
  • Greylisting: My Admin Told Me Not to Talk to Strangers
  • Some Highlights of Day-to-Day spamd Use
  • Handling Sites That Do Not Play Well with Greylisting
  • Conclusions from Our spamd Experience
  • QUEUES, SHAPING, AND REDUNDANCY
  • Directing Traffic with ALTQ
  • Basic ALTQ Concepts
  • Queue Schedulers, aka Queue Disciplines
  • Setting Up ALTQ
  • Understanding Priority-Based Queues (priq)
  • Class-Based Bandwidth Allocation for Small Networks (cbq)
  • Queuing for Servers in a DMZ
  • Using ALTQ to Handle Unwanted Traffic
  • Redundancy and Failover: CARP and pfsync
  • The Project Specification: A Redundant Pair of Gateways
  • Setting Up CARP: Kernel Options, sysctl, and ifconfig Commands
  • Keeping States Synced: Adding pfsync
  • Putting Together a Rule Set
  • PF Logs: The Basics
  • Logging All Packets: log (all)
  • Logging to Several pflog Interfaces
  • Logging to syslog, Local or Remote
  • Tracking Statistics for Each Rule with Labels
  • Some Additional Tools for PF Logs and Statistics
  • Keeping an Eye on Things with pftop
  • Graphing Your Traffic with pfstat
  • Collecting NetFlow Data with pfflowd
  • SNMP Tools and PF-Related SNMP MIBs
  • Remember, Useful Log Data Is the Basis for Effective Debugging
  • GETTING YOUR SETUP JUST RIGHT
  • The Things You Can Tweak and What You Probably Should Leave Alone
  • block-policy
  • skip
  • state-policy
  • timeout
  • limit
  • debug
  • ruleset-optimization
  • optimization
  • Cleaning Up Your Traffic: scrub and antispoof
  • scrub
  • antispoof
  • Testing Your Setup
  • Debugging Your Rule Set
  • Know Your Network, Stay in Control
  • RESOURCES
  • General Networking and BSD Resources on the Internet
  • Sample Configurations and Related Musings
  • PF on Other BSD Systems
  • BSD and Networking Books
  • Wireless Networking Resources
  • spamd and Greylisting-Related Resources
  • Book-Related Web Resources
  • If You Enjoyed This Book, Buy OpenBSD CDs and Donate!
  • A NOTE ON HARDWARE SUPPORT
  • A Case in Point: The Story of a Small Wireless Network
  • Getting the Right Hardware
  • Issues Facing Hardware-Support Developers
  • How to Help the Hardware-Support Efforts
  • INDEX

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