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Progressive tax reform:Reform of the personal income tax system
Heading 3the on-going needs of customers. The Shoalhaven Water Group
ACOSS Paper 158| November 2009
 
This paper was prepared by ACOSS Senior Policy Officer, Peter Davidson with thebenefit of the very helpful advice of the independent experts who are our economicsand tax policy advisers (Julie Smith, Rick Krever, Nicholas Gruen, RosannaScutella, and Andrew Liegh). However, responsibility for the content rests withACOSS.
ACOSS PAPERFirst published in by theAustralian Council of Social ServiceLocked Bag 4777Strawberry Hills, NSW, 2012 AustraliaPh 02 9310 6200Fax 02 9310 4822Email: info@acoss.org.auWebsite: www.acoss.org.auThis publication is copyright. Apart from fair dealing for the purpose of private study, research,criticism, or review, as permitted under theCopyright Act, no part may be reproduced by anyprocess without written permission. Enquiriesshould be addressed to the Publications Officer,Australian Council of Social Service. Copies areavailable from the address above.© Australian Council of Social Service, .
 
Contents:Summary ...................................................................................................................4
Raising public revenue to support an ageing population ..................................................4A fairer tax system ............................................................................................................4A tax system to support economic development ...............................................................5Frameworks for tax reform ...............................................................................................6Benchmarks for tax reform ...............................................................................................81. Raising adequate public revenue for benefits and services ...........................................22. Raising revenue fairly ...................................................................................................4Income tax rates ................................................................................................................6Which tax base is fairest – income or consumption? ........................................................6Taxing individuals or couples .........................................................................................10Company income taxes and fairness ...............................................................................113. Strengthening economic development ........................................................................12Impact of taxation on foreign investment .......................................................................13Taxation and incentives to save ......................................................................................14Taxation and incentives to work .....................................................................................17Taxing incomes more consistently through base broadening .........................................234. A simpler, more sustainable tax system ......................................................................24Simplicity ........................................................................................................................24Sustainability ...................................................................................................................25The role of company income tax .....................................................................................36
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