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"All Power exercised over a nation, must have some beginning. It must be eitherdelegated, or assumed. There are no other sources. All delegated power is trust,all assumed power is usurpation. Time does not alter the nature and quality ofeither." Thomas PaineAs Thomas Paine said, time does not alter either the nature or the quality of theprinciples behind power. Either that power is delegated from a superior source ofSovereignty or it is assumed and therefore usurped. Now, the question ofSovereignty is perhaps one of the most important questions concerning the degreeand quality of Liberty within this country. Only a Sovereign Source can delegatepower and authority; likewise, only a Subordinate Source can receive thosedelegated powers and authority to act upon them.It then becomes quite obvious in the following words within the Declaration ofIndependence where all Sovereignty emanates: "That to secure these rights,Governments are instituted among Men, deriving their just powers from the consentof the governed""The unanimous Declaration of the thirteen united States of America" Thosepeculiar words were to declare the independence of the colonies from Britain.Additionally, once the War for American Independence was won, Great Britainrecognized each State, by name, as being Sovereign and Independent States. Thissame phraseology was then used in the Articles of Confederation in the descriptionof the States.When these same States, by the consent of their Citizens, through Conventionratified the Constitution they did so in the same Sovereign Status as they didwhen they Declared their Independence to form a Revolutionary government and thenformulated a Confederation through Consent and Compact; as the need arose theythen entered into a Compact between themselves to form the Sovereign States inUnion. They, through Consent, retained the same style throughout every stage ofpolitical formation. Each government, both the government of the Several Statesand the general government of the States or the federal government, were delegatedpowers and authority derived from the Consent of the People Sovereign.The facts are well-established and the provision within the Constitution is tooexplicit to deduct any other opinion except that the States retained theirSovereign Status through the delegated authority and powers of the People throughtheir Consent. So, even after the Ratification of the Constitution, theindependent, distinct and sovereign character by which they both formed andratified that Compact was never divested from the States, nor the People. ThePeople are the Prima Materia Imperium from which all Powers and Authority stemswithin this country and within both the State and the federal governments, it cannot originate in either government since they are both ordained and established bythe People. Remember, a thing created can never be greater then the one whocreated it, the act of creation is the superior act.Each government is the natural extension of the governed since each government,whether State or general, partakes in the character of the source which formed itto act as an Agent on the behalf of those who gave Consent; thereby delegatingauthority and power to act in their best interests. Since Sovereignty is thesource of all delegated powers and authority, the primary benefactor of such powerand authority will be the States in which the Sovereign People reside, from therethe States, acting as Agents of the People will properly delegate and grant adegree of authority and powers to the general or federal government to act in alimited capacity on behalf of the States united as a political community for theSole Benefit of their Citizens.
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