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THELEBANONIZATIONOFSYRIA
ReportontheactorsoftheSyriancrisis
Paris,January2012
 
 
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 ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS
TheauthorswouldliketothanktheSyriannationalswhoacceptedtomeetusandanswerourquestions,aswellastheArabandEuropeandiplomaticstaff,headsoftheintelligenceservices,membersofhumanitarianorganisationsandjournalistsoftheinternationalpresswhomwealsointerviewed.
 
 
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PRELIMINARYREMARKS
OrganisedattheinstigationoftheCentreFrançaisdeRecherchesurleRenseignement(FrenchCenterforIntelligenceResearch-CF2R
1
)andtheCentreinternationalderechercheetd’étudessurleterrorismeetd’aideauxvictimesduterrorisme(InternationalCenterforResearchandStudyonTerrorismandAidtoVictimsofTerrorism-CIRET-AVT
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),aninternationaldelegationofexpertstravelledtoSyriafromDecember3rdtoDecember10th,2011,inordertoassessthesituationinSyriainanindependentandimpartialmannerandtomeetwiththeactorsofthisnine-month-longcrisis.ItcompleteditsassessmentmissionwithmeetingswithvariousrepresentativesoftheSyrianoppositionabroad,aswellaswithapanelofMiddleEastexpertsfromEurope.Thedelegationwascomposedofthefollowingindividuals:-Ms.
 SaïdaBenhabylès
(Algeria),formerMinisterofSolidarity,formerSenator,foundingmemberofCIRET-AVT,UnitedNationsCivilSocietyPrizewinner;-Mr.
RichardLabévière
(France),internationalconsultantandwriter,specialistontheMiddleEast,formereditor-in-chiefatRadioFranceinternationale(RFI),of
Défense
journalofInstitutdeshautesétudesdeDéfensenationale(InstituteofHigherStudiesforNationalDefence-IHEDN)andfoundingmemberofCIRET-AVT;-Mr.
EricDenécé 
(France),directoroftheCentreFrançaisdeRecherchesurleRenseignement(CF2R).Ms.
 Anne-MarieLizin
(Belgium)alsotookpartinthepreparationanddraftingofthisreport,althoughshewasunabletotraveltoSyriawiththeothermembersofthedelegationduetopriorschedulingobligations.Anne-MarieLizinishonorarypresidentoftheSenateofBelgiumandVice-PresidentoftheParliamentaryAssemblyoftheOrganizationforSecurityandCooperationinEurope(OSCE).ShewasaEuropeanMP(1979to1988),SecretaryofStateforEuropeanAffairs(1988to1992),deputy,SenatorandPresidentoftheBelgianSenate(thefirstwomantoholdthisposition).Theguidingprinciplesfortheactionofthedelegationwereasfollows:-adherencetodemocraticprinciples:freedom,humanandwomen’srights,resistancetooppressionasestablishedbytheactsanddecisionsoftheUN;-safetyandprotectionofthecivilianpopulation;-neutralitywithregardtotheconflict;-oppositiontoanyforeignmilitaryinterventioninviolationofinternationallaw,oraccordingtoasupposedrighttooutsideinterferenceincontradictionwiththefoundingprinciplesoftheUN;-enunciationofthefactswithoutjudgement;-exerciseofcriticalreasoning;-refusalbydelegationmemberstopromotetheirownnationalinterests.
 
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http://www.cf2r.org
2
http://www.ciret-avt.com/
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