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]# NHYJK
č
PYKBFCH FLFEZYODFBKAWEKD BFZOJH QH ###QHŠZKZH BHZFYKAHLH :4 $900>+
iyoa 8
 :;
]OAEH NHYJK 
č 
Wzyv
Ă 
ck yhj VJG1=94#78#04>#:/#624=8
Pykbfch flfezyodfbkawekd bfzojh qh pyf
Ă
kŨ
Ď
h}hcafozphjckd }ojh
# Jfo K# flfezyojfpoqkgkah k flfezyoeohnvlhgkah
V yhjv af jhz pyfnlfj pykbfcf flfezyojfpoqkgkaf k flfezyoeohnvlhgkaf v pyogfwv pyf
Ă 
kŨ 
Ď
h}hcah ozphjckd }ojh# Zheo
Ę 
f, yhqbhzyhch af k pykbfch flfezyodfbkawekd zfdcolonkahv wlv
Ă 
haf}kbh qhnh
Ę 
fcah }ojf yfmyhezoywekb polvzhczkbh# Jhz af k pyfnlfj flfezyojh eoaf wf pyfpoyv
Ă 
vav v poafjkch
Ă 
ckb wlv
Ă 
haf}kbh#
 Elav
Ă 
cf yf
Ă 
k1
ozphjcf }ojf, flfezyojfpoqkgkah, flfezyoehonvlhgkah
8# V]OJPo}f
Ď
hcaf ehphgkzfzh pyokq}ojcaf v w}kb oi"lhwzkbh kcjvwzykaf eho k v}o
Ę
fcaf co}kd pyokq}ojh pykbfcob chaco}kakd jo}flo af jo pyoilfbh qhnh"
Ę
fcah ųk}ozcf wyfjkcf# ]ojh, }hqjvd k qfblakŨzfqhnh
Ę
vav wf zoewk
Ă
ckb k ehcgfyonfckb bhzfykahbh,cfoynhcweon k oynhcweon poyfelh# Jh cf ik joŨlojo w}f }f
Ď
f hevbvlhgkaf o}kd eobpocfchzh cfop"dojco af pyf
Ă
kŨ
Ď
h}hcaf }f
Ď
qhnh
Ę
fckd yfwvywh kwpyf
Ă
h}hcaf co}kd qhnh
Ę
fcah# Pykbfcob wh}yf"bfckd zfdcolonkah pyf
Ă
kŨ
Ď
h}hcah bonv
Ď
f af pyoi"lfb qhnh
Ę
fcah wbhcakzk# ]flkek af iyoa kwzyhųk}hcah kzfdcolonkah eoaf wv chŨlf pyhezk
Ă
cv pykbfcv v pyogfwkbh pyf
Ă
kŨ
Ď
h}hcah ozphjckd }ojh k }ojh qh pk
Ď
f# Pykbfch flfezyk
Ă
cf wzyvaf v pyogfwkbh pyf
Ă
kŨ
Ď
h}hcah ozphjckd }ojh k }ojh qh pk
Ď
f af joweoyh iklh wevph bfzojh eoah wf ckaf pyhezk
Ă
co pykbfcak}hlh, hlk af iklh pyfjbfz }flkeon iyoahkwzyhųk}hcah# Flfezyodfbkawef zfdcolonkaf pyf
Ă
kŨ
Ď
h"}hcah }ojh wv wlfjf
Ď
f1
•
 
Flfezyojfpoqkgkah
•
 
Flfezyoeohnvlhgkah
•
 
Flfezyomlozhgkah
•
 
Flfezyodfbkaweh oewkjhgkah
•
 
Flfezyodfbkaweh yfjvegkah#V powlfjcaf j}f jfgfckaf flfezyodfbkaef zfd"colonkaf chlhqf w}f }f
Ď
v pyhezk
Ă
cv pykbfcv, chyo"
Ă
kzo v wlv
Ă
haf}kbh ehjh wf yhjk o }ojk qhnh
Ę
fcoayfmyhezoyckb polvzhczkbh# Opyh}jhch af pykbfch kv wlv
Ă
haf}kbh ehjh wf kq }ojf flfezyojfpoqkgkaobųflf kqj}oakzk ojyf
Ę
fck bfzhlk eoak jhlaf bonv ikzkyfgkelkyhck k poco}o pykbfclak}hck#
Hjyfwh hvzoyh1 Kcwzkzvz qh ihehy, 8;980 Ioy 
9# PYF
Č
KŠ
č
H]HCAF ]OJF PYKBFCOBFLFEZYOJFPOQKGKAFFlfezyodfbkawek bfdhckqhb jfpoqkgkaf bfzhlhkq }ojh qhnhŨfckd ojyf
Ę
fckb bfzhlob af afjco"wzh}hc k vpyh}o wf kq zkd yhqlonh jowzh pykbfcak}hov zfdcolonkak kq}lh
Ď
fcah eoykwckd bfzhlh kq ozphjckd}ojh eoak wf cheoc zonh yfgkelkyhav k kbhav ojyf"
Ę
fcv chbfcv# Bfdhckqhb flfezyojfpoqkgkaf boųfwf pyfjwzh}kzk afjcowzh}cob dfbkaweob afjch
Ă
k"cob1
B cfB 
c
↙%
%
$8+
Afjch
Ă
kch $8+ opkwvaf yfhegkav eoah wf ojknyh}hch ehzojk k pyfjwzh}lah yfjvegkav aoch bfzhlh joflfbfczhycon wzhcah, za# zhloųfcaf bfzhlh ch ojno"}hyhav
Ď
oa ehzojk# Cfnhzk}co chflfezykwhcaf eoaf afcfopdojco qh yfjvegkav bfzhlh pozk
Ă
f kq wpolacafnkq}oyh# Bhwh joikafcon pyokq}ojh $kwzhloųfcon bf"zhlh+ kq qhpyfbkcf yfhezoyh v afjkckgk }yfbfchqh}kwk oj nvwzkcf wzyvaf, pykyojf bfzhlh eoak wfzhloųk, kweoykŨ
Ď
fcah wzyvaf k boųf wf pyfjwzh}kzkwlfjf
Ď
ob afjch
Ă
kcob1
ξ 
 qM khB b
B 
8000
2
$9+
njf af1
B 
b
"bhwh kwzhloųfcon bfzhlh kq qhpyfbkcfyfhezoyh v afjkckgk }yfbfch
k
"pykbfcafch nvwzkch wzyvaf $H/b
9
+
B 
"bolweh bhwh bfzhlh $n/bol+
h
"wpfgkmk
Ă
ch po}yŨkch flfezyojf $b
9
/b
7
+
 M 
"Mhyhjfaf}h eocwzhczh $G/bol+
 q 
"iyoa kqbfcafckd flfezyoch
ξ 
"kweoykŨ
Ď
fcaf flfezyk
Ă
cf wzyvaf
 
]# NHYJK
č
PYKBFCH FLFEZYODFBKAWEKD BFZOJH QH ###QHŠZKZH BHZFYKAHLH :4 $900>+
iyoa 8
 60Kwzyhųk}hcah flfezyodfbkawekd pyogfwh pyf
Ă
kŨ
Ď
h"}hcah ozphjckd }ojh kjv v pyh}gv po}f
Ď
hcah kweo"ykŨ
Ď
fcah flfezyk
Ă
cf wzyvaf k po}f
Ď
hcah bhwf kwzhlo"ųfcon bfzhlh kq qhpyfbkcf yfhezoyh po afjkckgk}yfbfch#Kqnlfj
Ď
flkaf v eoaoa wf oj}kah pyogfw flfezyo"jfpoqkgkaf pykehqhc af ch wlkgk 8#
yfhezoyflfezyojfozphjch }ojh
h+
% % %" " "
i+Wlkeh 8 "
č 
flkah qh pyf
Ă 
kŨ 
Ď
h}hcaf ozphjckd }ojh pykbfcob flfezyojfpoqkgkaf1 h+ kqnlfj 
Ď
flkaf5i+ yhwpoyfj flfezyojh9#8# Zkpo}k yfhezoyh qh pyf
Ă 
kŨ 
Ď
h}hcaf ozphjckd}ojh flfezyojfpoqkgkaob
Powzoaf cfeolkeo zkpo}h yfhezoyh qh pyf
Ă
kŨ
Ď
h}h"caf ozphjckd }ojh flfezyojfpoqkgkaob
Ă
kah af pyk"bhych w}ydh kq}lh
Ă
fcaf bfzhlh eoaf af bonv
Ď
f jh"laob yfgkelhųob poco}o pykbfckzk# Owco}ck zkpo}kyfhezoyh wv1
•
 
Zhce 
Ď
flkaf
•
 
č
flkaf wh plo
Ă
hbh klk yhbo}kbh
•
 
Yozhgkocf
Ď
flkaf
•
 
V cfŨzo wloųfckaf zkpo}f yfhezoyh, zheoq}h"cf zyojkbfcqkochlcf wkwzfbf viyhahav wf1
•
 
Wkwzfb ch ihqk mlvkjkqo}hcon wloah
•
 
Wkwzfb wh pheo}hckb wloafb pvcafcah
Zhce 
Ď
flkaf
Zhce 
Ď
flkaf wv chafjcowzh}ckak oilke vyf
Ę
hah qh pyf
Ă
kŨ
Ď
h}hcaf }ojh flfezyojfpoqkgkaob $wlkeh 8#+#Lheo wf bonv wbhcakzk klk po}f
Ď
hzk v qh}kwcowzk ojqhnh
Ę
fcowzk }ojh k qhpyfbkcweon pyozoeh# Yhwpo"yfj flfezyojh boųf ikzk bocopolhyhc $wlkeh 9h+ klk ikpolhyhc $wlkeh 9i#+# Nlh}ch pykbfch o}on wkwzfbh af v kq}lh
Ă
fcav bfzhlh kq }kwoeo eocgfczyo}hckd pyogfwckd }ojh eho Ũzo wv ozphjcf }ojf kq nhl}hc"wekd evphzklh klk ozphjcf }ojf chwzhlf pyklkeob pyhcah aocokqbfcak}h
Ă
ekd powzyoafcah# Iyoa flfezyo"jh v yfhezoyv }hykyh k eyf
Ď
f wf oj 80 jo 800# ]ojhwf v}ojk v yfhezoy k eyf
Ď
f eyoq cafnh poj vzkghafbwklf nyh}kzhgkaf U8R#
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iWlkeh 9 " Yhwpoyfj flfezyojh v zhce 
Ď
flkak1 h+bocopolhyck yhwpoyfj5 i+ ik"polhyck yhwpoyfj  Mklzfy pyfwf
Vyf
Ę
hak wh plo
Ă
hbh klk zheoq}hcf mklzfy pyfwf$wlkeh 7+ whzh}lafcf wv oj }kŨf afjkckgh# Afjcv afjkckgv
Ă
kcf hcojh, ehzojh k bfbiyhch $heo af cfopdojch+#Vyf
Ę
hak wf w}ywzh}hav v yflhzk}co afjcowzh}cf poeocwzyvegkak k pyogfwv yhjh#
Wlkeh 7 "
 
Wkwzfb wh plo
Ă 
hbh $mklzfy pyfwh+ Yozkyhav
Ď
h ehzojch
Ď
flkah
Jh ik joŨlo jo po}f
Ď
hcah bhwfcon pyfcowh eho kvelhcahcaf jfpoco}hcon bfzhlcon pyhdh wh ehzojf,jkqhackyhch af k vnyh
Ę
fch yozkyhav
Ď
h ehzojch
Ď
flkah$wlkeh :+#
 
]# NHYJK
č
PYKBFCH FLFEZYODFBKAWEKD BFZOJH QH ###QHŠZKZH BHZFYKAHLH :4 $900>+
iyoa 8
 68
% %
bfzhlcflavwpkgf
"
coq qh velhcahcafbfzhlhbfbiyhchhcojh
 Wlkeh : " Wkwzfb wh yozhgkocob gklkcjyk
Ă 
ckbflfezyojhbh Pvbpch
Ď
flkah
]hykahgkah yozkyhav
Ď
f
Ď
flkaf af zheoq}hch pvbp"ch
Ď
flkah eoah wf whwzoak oj wzhzk
Ă
cf hcojf k yozkyhav"
Ď
f ehzojf v oilkev jkweh# Bhlk pyowzoy kqbf
Ę
vflfezyojh ojyf
Ę
vaf eolkek
Ď
f ikzk vlhq fmlvfczh# Eh"zojh boųf ikzk yozkyhav
Ď
h Ũkpeh eoah boųf ikzkvcvzhy, kqbf
Ę
v klk oeo hcojf U9R#Pvbpch
Ď
flkah chlhqk pykbfcv pyk yhqhyhcavgkahckjh $wlkeh 6+#
Wlkeh 6 " ]hykahczck wkwzfb yozkyhav
Ď
f flfezyojf$pvbpch
Ď
flkah+Zyojkbfcqkochlck wkwzfbk wh mlvkjkqo}hckb wloafb pvcafcah
Jfpoqkgkah bfzhlh ch ehzojk qhdzf}h }f
Ď
v wpf"gkmk
Ă
cv po}yŨkcv ehzojf, afy wf ch zha ch
Ă
kc po}f
Ď
h"}h pykcow bhwf bfzhlh po afjkckgk }yfbfch v pow"bhzyhcoa qhpyfbkck yfhezoyh# Cha}f
Ď
h wpfgkmk
Ă
ch po}yŨkch flfezyojf wf powzkųf v wlv
Ă
hav pykbfcfzyojkbfcqkochlckd flfezyojh wh mlvkjkqo}hckb wlo" afb pvcafcah $wlkeh =+#Ehzojv pyfjwzh}lah mlvkjkqo}hck wloa bfzhlckd pyo}ojckd
Ă
fwzkgh eoah af pyfeo poyoqcf flfezyojfch jcv vyf
Ę
hah v eoczhezv wh chphahcafb# O}heojkqhackyhch flfezyojh boųf jh kbh wpfgkmk
Ă
cv po}yŨkcv k jo 900 b
9
/b
7
#
% "
hcolkzhcolkz ehzolkz
 Wlkeh = " Yfhezoy wh mlvkjkqo}hckb wloafb
Pyoilfb eoj zyojkbfcqkochlckd flfezyojh eoaf wfchlhqf v mlvkjkqo}hcob wzhcav af cfyh}cobfych yhw" pojflh wzyvaf eho k wzhcaf ehjh pyo}ojcf bfzhlcf
Ă
fwzkgf ckwv v eoczhezv wh poyoqcob mkewcob flfe"zyojob ch jcv wkwzfbh, ph v jhzob bobfczv ckwvchflfezykwhcf, Ũzo jo}ojk jo wbhcafcah kweoykŨ
Ď
fcahwzyvaf k bhcafn pykcowh bhwf bfzhlh# Jh ik wf vchp"yfjko o}heh} wkwzfb bonv
Ď
f af v mlvkjkqo}hck pyo"}ojck wloa
Ă
fwzkgh vihgkzk ojyf
Ę
fcv eolk
Ă
kcv kcfyzckd
Ă
fwzkgh eoaf kbhav qhjhzhe jh po}f
Ă
hav iyqkcv pyf"cowh bhwf U7R# ]hykahgkah wkwzfbv wh mlvkjkqo}hckbwloafb af k wkwzfb wh moczhcwekb wloafb $wlkeh >+#
gkwzh}ojhozphjch }ojhwh bfzhlobnyhcvlf vnlafckeh
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h+
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i+Wlkeh > " Wkwzfb wh moczhcwekb wloafb1 h+ ponlfj  wh io
Ă 
cf wzyhcf5 i+ ponlfj wh qhjcaf wzyhcf
of 00

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