Mechanics of the Automatic
Shut-Off Mechanism for Banlaw
Refuelling Nozzles

The automatic shut-off mechanism of the Banlaw refuelling nozzle operates on the principle of detecting static (wall) pressure of the fluid flow through the nozzle. A sample of the mainstream fluid is transferred into the nozzle tube via a small orifice on the rear surface of the retainer. Thus a portion of the static pressure of the mainstream fluid is also held within the tube. A small orifice at the other end of the tube allows the sample of fluid to flow into the rear piston chamber, at the forward side of the piston. The nozzle will shut-off if the static pressure detected in the rear chamber is sufficient to overcome the force maintaining the nozzle in the ON position. This being the resultant force of the receiver spring and nozzle back spring, and the fluid drag created by flow over the nozzle retainer and receiver poppet.

The magnitude of static pressure at entry to the nozzle is a function of a number of factors, including the type of fluid being transferred, the flow-rate, and the level of flow restriction \u0096 head loss \u0096 both through the nozzle/receiver assembly and downstream of the nozzle.

Drawing (a) illustrates the status of the nozzle during normal flow conditions. The static pressure P1(a) is less than the static pressure that initiates nozzle shut-off, hence the nozzle remains in the fully ON position.

Drawing (b) illustrates the status of the nozzle once the automatic shut-off mechanism has been triggered. This has occurred since P1(b) has exceeded the static pressure that initiates nozzle shut-off, hence the nozzle will begin to turn OFF. P1(b) is not only increased by the rise in flow restriction due to tank pressurisation, or a closing valve etc, but also the increase in head loss across the nozzle outlet as both the nozzle and receiver close.

Drawing (c) shows the nozzle in the fully OFF position. The pump pressure is contained within the nozzle, whilst the fluid pressure within the receiver, and hence the delivery line into the tank, is allowed to decrease to a level governed only by static fluid head and atmospheric pressure.

Banlaw Pipeline Pty Ltd accepts no liability for any damage or event resulting from the implementation of any content of this document. To confirm the correct advice has been received, all details should be checked with an \u0091Authorised Banlaw\u0092 distributor or Banlaw Pipeline direct prior to installation.