Copyright 2004 by Current Clinical Strategies Publishing. All rights reserved. This book, or any parts thereof, may not be reproduced or stored in an information retrieval network without the permission of the publisher. The reader is advised to consult the package insert and other references before using any therapeutic agent. No warranty exists, expressed or implied, for errors or omissions in this text. Current Clinical Strategies is a trademark of Current Clinical Strategies Publishing inc.

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Abacavir (ABC, Ziagen); Antiretroviral, Nucleoside Analog Reverse Transcriptase Inhibitor; Soln: 20 mg/mL [240 mL]
Tab: 300 mg; >3 months-15 yrs: 8 mg/kg/day PO bid (max 600 mg/day)
>16 yrs: 300 mg PO bid
Always use in combination with other antiretroviral agents. Fatal hypersensitivity reactions may occur; discontinue therapy immediately if reaction
occurs. Symptoms may include skin rash, edema, lethargy, malaise, GI distress. May take with or without food.

Acetaminophen (Tylenol); Analgesic, Antipyretic; Cap: 325, 500 mg
Cap sprinkle: 80, 160 mg
Cplt: 160, 500 mg
Cplt ER: 650 mg
Drops per mL: 100 mg
Elixir per 5 mL: 80, 120, 160 mg
Soln per 15 mL: 500 mg
Supp: 80, 120, 300, 325, 650 mg
Susp per mL: 100 mg
Tab: 160, 325, 500 mg
Tab chew: 80, 160 mg; 10-20 mg/kg/dose PO/PR q4-6h prn
Max 80 mg/kg/day or 4 gm/day (whichever is smaller). Max adult dose 1000 mg. Overdose may result in hepatotoxicity unless treated with N-
Acetylcysteine.

Acetylcysteine (Mucomyst); Antidote to Acetaminophen; Soln, 10%: 4, 10, 30 mL
Soln, 20%: 4, 10, 30, 100 mL; Acetaminophen Overdose: 140 mg/kg PO/NG x 1 dose, followed by 70 mg/kg PO/NG q4h x 17 doses; repeat dose if
emesis occurs within 1 hr of administration.
Dilute solution to 5% with orange juice or carbonated beverage for oral administration. 10% soln = 100 mg/mL; 20% soln = 200 mg/mL.

Acyclovir (Zovirax); Antiviral; Cap: 200 mg
Inj: 500 mg, 1 gm
Oint: 5% [3, 15 gm]
Susp: 200 mg/5 mL
Tab: 400, 800 mg; Herpes zoster (immunocompromised): 500 mg/m2/dose PO 4-5 times daily or 1500 mg/m2/day IV q8h

Herpes zoster (immunocompetent): 80 mg/kg/day PO 5 times daily (max 4000 mg/day) or 30 mg/kg/day IV q8h
Varicella zoster (chicken pox): 80 mg/kg/day PO qid x 5 days (max 3200 mg/day)
Mucocutaneous HSV infection: 750 mg/m2/day IV q8h or 15 mg/kg/day IV q8h x 7 days.
Genital herpes or HSV (immunocompromised): 80 mg/kg/day PO 3-5 times daily (max 1000 mg/day)
Herpes encephalitis:

birth-12 yrs: 60 mg/kg/day IV q8h
>12 yrs: 30 mg/kg/day IV q8h
Infuse each IV dose over 1 hour. Adjust in renal impairment. Patients should be well hydrated to avoid urolithiasis.

Adenosine (Adenocard); Antiarrhythmic ; Inj: 3 mg/mL [2, 4 mL]; Supraventricular tachycardia: 0.1 mg/kg (max 6 mg) rapid IV push over 1-2 seconds;
if not effective within 1-2 minutes, may repeat twice with 0.2 mg/kg (max 12 mg) rapid IV push. Follow each dose with normal saline flush.
Administration of doses <0.6 mg requires dilution.

Albendazole (Albenza); Antihelmintic; Tab: 200 mg;N e u ro c ys t ic e rc o s is : Patient should also receive appropriate corticosteroid and anticonvulsant
therapy if indicated.
<60 kg: 15 mg/kg/day PO bid for 8-30 days, max 800 mg/day
>60 kg: 400 m PO bid for 8-30 days

Albuterol (Proventil, Ventolin, Volmax, Rotacaps); Bronchodilator, Beta-2 Adrenergic Agonist; MDI: 90 mcg/puff, 200 puffs/canister [17 gm]
Soln for nebulization: 0.5% (5 mg/mL) [20 mL]; 0.083% [3mL unit dose]
Soln for nebulization (AccuNeb): 0.63 mg/3 mL; 1.25 mg/3 mL
Syr: 2 mg/5 mL
Tab: 2, 4 mg
Tab ER: 4, 8 mg;Inhalation: 1-2 puffs q4-6h prn; spacers are recommended for young children.

AccuNeb: <12 yrs 0.63 - 1.25 mg neb q4-6h prn, >12 yrs 1.25 mg neb q 4-6h prn. Hospitalized patients may require more frequent dosing with higher
concentrations of albuterol.
Tachycardia, hypokalemia, CNS stimulation.

Amantadine (Symmetrel); Antiviral; Cap: 100 mg
Syr: 50 mg/5 mL
Tab: 100 mg; Influenza A prophylaxis and treatment:
1-9 yrs: 5 mg/kg/day PO qd-bid (max 150 mg/day)
10-12 yrs: 5 mg/kg/day PO qd-bid (max 200 mg/day)
>12 yrs: 100 mg PO bid or 200 mg/day PO qd
Dividing the daily dose bid may decrease the incidence of CNS side effects.
For prophylaxis, duration of therapy is 10 days following exposure. For treatment of influenza A, start therapy within 24-48 hrs of symptom onset and
continue for 24-48 hrs after patient is asymptomatic (usual duration of therapy 2-5 days).
Side effects are common and include dizziness, confusion, and headache.

Amcinonide (Cyclocort); Corticosteroid; Cream: 0.1% [15, 30, 60 gm]
Lotion: 0.1% [20, 60 mL]
Oint: 0.1% [15, 30, 60 gm]; Apply sparingly to affected area 2 to 4 times daily.

Aminocaproic Acid (Amicar); Hemostatic Agent; Syr: 250 mg/mL
Tab: 500 mg
Inj: 250 mg/mL; Loading dose: 100-200 mg/kg PO/IV x 1

Aminophylline (Somophyllin, Truphylline); Bronchodilator; Inj: 25 mg/mL
Liq: 105 mg/5 mL
Tab: 100, 200 mg
Tab CR: 225 mg; IV Loading dose: 5-6 mg/kg IV over 20-30 minutes

6-12 mos: 0.6-0.75 mg/kg/hr 12 mos-10 yrs: 1.0 mg/kg/hr 10-16 yrs: 0.75-0.9 mg/kg/hr >16 yrs: 0.7 mg/kg/hr

1-9 yrs: 16-19.2 mg/kg/day q6-12h
9-12 yrs: 12.8 mg/kg/day q6-12h
12-16 yrs: 10.4 mg/kg/day q6-12h
>16 yrs: 8 mg/kg/day q6-12h
Liq or tab: q6-8h; CR tab: q8-12h

Aminophylline contains 80% theophylline.
Monitor serum levels and adjust dose as appropriate.
Amitriptyline (Elavil); Tricyclic Antidepressant; Tab: 10, 25, 50, 75, 100, 150 mg;D e p re s s io n : 1-1.5 mg/kg/day PO qhs-tid (max 150 mg/day)

Amoxicillin (Amoxil); Antibacterial, Penicillin ; Cap: 250, 500 mg
Drops: 50 mg/mL
Susp: 125 mg/5 mL, 250 mg/5 mL, 400 mg/5 mL
Tab: 500, 875 mg
Tab, chew: 125, 200, 250, 400 mg; 25-50 mg/kg/day PO bid-tid (max 500 mg/dose); doses as high as 80-90 mg/kg/day PO bid have been used to treat
highly resistant strains of Strep pneumoniae

Amphotericin B (Fungizone); Antifungal; Inj: 50 mg; Test dose: 0.1 mg/kg (max 1 mg) IV over 60 min, followed by remainder of first day's dose. Initial
dose: 0.25 mg/kg; increase by 0.25 mg/kg q1-2 days. Usual dose: 0.5-1 mg/kg/day; max daily dose 50 mg.
Infuse over 2-6 hours. Monitor closely for hypokalemia, hypomagnesemia, renal toxicity.