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No. 08-661
I
N
T
HE
Supreme Court Of The United States
A
MERICAN
N
EEDLE
,
I
NC
.,
Petitioner
,v.N
ATIONAL
F
OOTBALL
L
EAGUE
,
ET AL
.
Respondents
.
On Writ of Certiorari to the United States Courtof Appeals for the Seventh Circuit
AMICUS CURIAE BRIEF OF ECONOMISTSIN SUPPORT OF PETITIONER
CRAIG C. CORBITT
Counsel of Record
JANE N. YIZELLE HOFMANN VOELBEL& MASON LLP44 Montgomery Street, Suite 3400San Francisco, CA 94104(415) 693-0700September 24, 2009
Counsel for Amici Economists
COMPLETE LIST OF REPRESENTED AMICI
(University affiliations listed for identification only):Robert Baade, Lake Forest CollegeDavid Berri, Southern Utah UniversityTimothy Bresnahan, Stanford UniversityDennis Coates, University of Maryland BaltimoreCountyCraig Depken II, University of North CarolinaCharlotteRodney Fort, University of MichiganIra Horowitz, University of FloridaBrad Humphreys, University of AlbertaLawrence Kahn, Cornell UniversityLeo Kehane, California State University, East BayStefan Kesenne, University of AntwerpRoger Noll (retired), Stanford UniversityJames Quirk (retired), California Institute of Technology Allen Sanderson, University of ChicagoMartin Schmidt, College of William and MaryJohn Siegfried, Vanderbilt UniversityJohn Solow, University of IowaStefan Szymanski, City University LondonLawrence White, New York University Andrew Zimbalist, Smith College.
i
TABLE OF CONTENTS
INTEREST OF THE AMICI CURIAE.......................1I. Issues Presented in This Case..............3 A. Relevant Economics Research....5B. Relationship of EconomicsResearch to This Case................7SUMMARY OF ARGUMENT..................................11 ARGUMENT.............................................................14I. Efficiency-EnhancingCollaboration.......................................14 A. Markets vs. Rules and TheTheory of the Firm....................15B. Sports Leagues as StandardsOrganizations............................17C. Alternative Ways to PerformLeague Functions.....................21D. Sources of Value For NFLTeams........................................28II. Centralization of Some CoreBusiness Activities Has NoEfficiency Rationale............................31 A. Rule of Reason Analysis of Product Licensing.....................32
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