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LOWER & MIDDLE RIVERCOURSE
 
 
•Middle and lower courses of rivers havea higher dischargethan the upper course because water from the rest of the drainage basin has drainedinto the river in its middle and lower course.•The river has a greater discharge and so hasmore energy to transport material. Material thatistransported by a river is called its load.•The river is now flowing over flatter land and sothe dominant direction of erosion islateral.•Depositionis also an important process andoccurs when the velocity of the river decreasesor if the discharge falls due to a dry spell of weather.
 
 
Transportation
Four processes:•
Traction: B
oulders and pebbles are rolled along theriver bed at times of high discharge.2.
Saltation:
Sand sized particles are bounced along theriver bed by the flow of water.
3. Suspension:
Fine clay and sand particles are carriedalong within the water, even at low discharges
4. Solution :
Some minerals dissolve in water such ascalcium carbonate. This requires very little energy.
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