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Artistic presentation, calligraphy and crafts
There is no need to elaborate on the artistic dimension of Qur’an recitation,especially when performed by a professional
qari’
endowed with a melodious voice.
Tartil
based on mastering the rules of
tajwid
is actually a musical performance. Theuse of different terminologies, such as tartil in stead of
ghina
(singing), is meant todifferentiate between melodious production as entertainment intended foramusement and that associated with serious religious activity. For the same reason.Other form of religious music, such as praise of the prophet (
mada’ih
) of religiouspoetry, are referred to as chant (
inshad
) and singing (
ghina
). In daily life, however,Muslims react to qur’an recitation, whether listening to recite or recording, in amanner similar to that prompted by a musical performance.Offering condolences (
ta’jiya
) is an occasion to listen to Qur’an recitation directlyfrom a
qari’
. In the Egyptian countryside, foe example, people extol the quality of acertain qari’ with a loud cry of “Allah” after each pause between verses. They sometimes even ask the
shaykh
to repeat a verse or verses. It is expensive to hire a welltrained
qari’
with a beautiful voice, such a qari’ being something of a star. Therenown of the
qari’
who is hired depends on the wealth of the deceased’s family orthe amount of inheritance (q.v.) he left behind. Thus paying condolences (
ta’azi
)can offer a splendid opportunity for those who appreciate the art of Qur’anrecitation both to fulfill a religious duty and to experience exquisite recitation.Again, in a fashion analogous to the enjoyment of music, qur’anic recitation my beexperienced through listening to a tape or compact disk. Like musical art, Qur’anrecitation can also be enjoyed through one’s own practice of recitation. The divisionof the Qur’an into 30 (juz) __each of which is further divided part into two part (
hizb
)which are themselves divided into four quarters (rub’) __ make it feasible for aMuslim to enjoy daily recitation of at least one rub’. If not more. In a communalcontext, the recitation of the Qur’an is performed weekly by a professionallytrained
shaykh
in every mosque before the Friday prayer and sermon. At the weeklyrecitation, preference is a given to the recitation, preference is a given to therecitation of q 18, surat al-Kahf (“the Cave”) The ninety-nine most beautiful names of God
(asma Allah al-husna
)__originallybased on the q 59:22-24__are usually sung, accompanied by flute and drums, in soft
dhikr
ceremonies. The singer, or
munshid
, melodically repeats over and over againthe names of good while participations sway back and forth to the right and to theleft. Within the melody, the name of Allah is uttered. The rhythm of the movement,as well as the utterance of the name of Allah, gradually quickens in response to themelody. The end of the performance approaches when the name of Allah alone isrecited by repeating the firs and the last letter
(alif, ha)
thus indicating theattainment of the state of annihilation in God (
fana’
). Apart from the ritual functionof the musical presentation of the name of God, there is also the aesthetic side,interest in which is confirmed by the widespread distribution of the musical
of 00
Artistic Presentation
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| Category: | Uncategorized. |
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| Upload Date: | 12/19/2009 |
| Copyright: | Attribution Non-commercial |
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