J. COPING-STRESS TOLERANCE PATTERN The stressful event for the client is her gallstone.

She handles this by simply being quiet and then crack some jokes. She usually mingle with her neighbors and likes to play around with her granddaughter and by just seeing them laugh ease away her stress and make her forget about her condition. Interpretation: The client handles stress accordingly and falls under the two types of coping stress strategies simultaneously. Analysis: Two types of coping strategies have been described: Problem-focused and Emotionfocused coping. Problem-focused coping refers to efforts to improve a situation by making changes or taking some action. Emotion-focused coping includes thoughts and actions that relieve emotional distress. Emotion-focused coping does not improve the situation, but the person often feels better. Both types of strategies usually occur together. (Kozier & Erbs Fundamentals of Nursing 8th Edition Vol. 2, pg. 1068) K. VALUE-BELIEF PATTERN According to the client, a person is healthy when he or she is having normal weight, eating 3 times a day and having regular exercise. Health is important to her because she wants to be cured and prolong her life. She goes to church every Sunday because praying to God strengthens herself. Interpretation: The clients perception of a healthy person is enough for her to give importance to her health and spiritual health can help in recovery process Analysis: The general definition of health according to World Health Organization (WHO) defines health as a state of physical, mental, and social well-being, not merely the absence of disease or infirmity. Clients frequently identify religious practices as important strategies in coping with illness. The most common practices affecting the nursing care of clients include holy days, sacred writings, sacred symbols, prayer, meditation, and those associated with diet, nutrition, healing, dress, birth and death. (Kozier & Erbs Fundamentals of Nursing 8th Edition Vol. 2, pg. 1045)