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~CO UJO 'P"--+=r:» S'[f.

Ma~t;~, :t~blD,<ll1, a,d.a. ,ti.g,a._j~!~'s "J1·a~.'lu:.f3.b~]».dek,:a:t I[iip"" e'".m;eZ~pi"",:if~Il'1;Ul j-a~h.(miOplf) (1wi.. p~iG~hi~Dil_ Pcrh;aJtiJ!;'£Pl p,t,ojel"s;m b e~iku t~
h""iII!Ii~'" Q~:It'I~~ I__~~_~_~g~ J-'''''~Ias ~ '~:'SIIfi m eli 'h""'''' . 1.... i~,.):~, 19J~il~'~~'~U~,'~~""""" .).'~~ j 3'fI!:d'lll.. l.\!~LMai 'tl dak. .dapa.t: "b'~f'akom ,odasi DiIl,.sic UD], S'~;= :im ;~ 1Ir:aJ llai.:o]J:ai 'be:r.adii titik d ekaltmy a : ,Iehih 'brei H' dru:i ,~,,5r. S em. (pP >. 25 em). K,uenl~ sif;.t di ,Ettas:n'],aka se~tia,p :m,e~i:bil't·'be11diJ.,padl Iti~ik 'ba~a nu)rm.a] (35 em) bayang:11Ull3nl ·.an, 'bera.aa. ,eli,
~"il iI-'''''''i!''Ii!!;,"", ~gt~llh~~",Li~"~~~,

l6;p er,m strop jJ, Hipmn,'~~ropti

i~,,~
,,,.,

8Jt~u. .rabulmJ d!~'k~tdJ,!~'bu;t jug:a ma:t:~

""II;. ,~~W,I~ _" l!!!~~;"';' _.jj"",
"!i:l!'.".;A

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(J'

p~~iti[Lih,at GalnbtJ,~,6.,8.,
~.!itiir,iiiN· .... ~_"',~I!'"~J,

b~:~,.M·,e· 'r-'~rtin:i!I- Un:mk m ~rn.g'a"~asiDya ~rtuk~.Ien s a; rmp

'b"'ii;"~d' fi<!l,A ...J:_ ... ... ,<i, r mua, ,1I !Ii...... b le~, S'·= 25r em, dan bayMJ m 1eas ~ h"mlll b ~(fa,dl, :F,ada 'b:D'k,
"~~,!f.:~1IlJ.U

Bca.g mlll·ml3.
UU}1u!

n'iii .. .".,... q", iilii 'i!...

n g.

,on'iriflr, ...

JII'm-~' ~~Cr!<'li !i.I!.II.d.~WJ' - ,~D

lensa kaea m.a~:at'lr~'

'b.' ~_-...... ... hams iiift,...:I: ;!fJ!,u,: - i!:3.l; !IA~I

~Iflu~~ib'btam.:?Ilk:iI
. ' ~IIJ !U, .-Gl.l~

• 9

de'kat m at~, S~ = _, P;erh,~tikM C Ollt,oh ben kU't. lPP:,

!-..:! .

:L~:m;a. :pltl'~Jtif :Dl ~m.b"mh~cfi!~ :

dili'k:llt

S:a~l, :01 elilt._at:ben.d:1 ~di a. 'bi.s a. :m. eli)] at' den.e::iMl j c'1a'~jika ,jacak1'iya 1 'm, di'dl ::Hdebib~,Y!i1. T'ell'~lJllkM dl)"a"k;acfi mraita, :l,'allg di'lh,um:bka~, q;'aT d~EHi' m,elihat pad a bac a, no'rm,;a1 d~ t~.~.rtm.k~Ul, j.ar~.Qk.ll:~'1!~ll~,~ya. :pula f
1

CrD'NifOH [6",1 ''7.. -, .3 ..... ;!I..,..~ _·t - ., -'-b' - itt. ~ ...:1,-. ~ .-~'~l..... -. , ...,~ (".!Il;; ~ --) ,~i&llrlli. ildmK. IYaila- .:m.em" ··:~c ,paUi'l J_aK 1Ji,(lfm. m. '., d ·t!ImD."

,j_.
_;",.Jl

Een·y"ete~a'ii3.D. ,S =, 25' ,[·ttl.

,$'

= ,_, .::::::; m '~ -1'GC p'p ,.,1

!tIl'll

Be;lBlBh l1J,e'~~lltJ1/';'ee R',to," tli ,aUB ~at ,In.linD 'a. ........ 1~~m"'·\I'I;j ~1,1 '.i!lcuotl. . ~~i Pi~ef s'~t.e[ah, In,1~Un eriks:*-, moa~anya.,tem,ya-ta, himl~~
>

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m €;O:gguR,.3D, ka,[;a m:iH:a'ba.'~'a:M,lenumt

dok~1'" ,be

iii

m~~a yang di.:~ndt~'&efU;'kMif,_ ,+

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,w, "

dioptri.

B e:r.,8(paklbJ, jMak ben,.dja ~Jerd~kart ,.'aIlg d~,p'S!t dilih,ajt Pi.t;~.r dmg:a~; ,j.e'lat:$i ('litik dl~:ltaO ji~ ti,d-K m,'~m..~i,
~~t.ltI,~
1~ , a,ta l' '"

:Mia,li, :m,at'a diekat kS_Cierna :b,ac!l,J'8 daplit :me-iih lit jel ~51 ben da ..b !e11,da y'an',1 de,k;ra't~ 'M a~a iDi ti d,ak df!P'ait 'ber;i'ik,om 0' d I sj, miniln u,m se ~_a, n O'nl.]I, wLIT~:b_k,ja.o:h :tn~h'!~,~, ,~1[Ufqg d.i: ,iaub r(~)
,(6'!M~-'bUt jug~,

Mi opi. at8~t rab~:h. jauh

,h~,n!rg,a:O?R -e ,~).
M,

t.,

bayangao di dep'3j}, :r.Ie]'linAl. 'U:Ill:m'k 'm el i'ia;t: b enea j,a,~l'[ 't* hing'g'a ,m aka ,m,;ata.ioi Jdap'lait dibu'h, ,(lIifin,i 811, ltac~, ala Pit I ~n~ ~~,~;iVti;f- tIha~ ,Gam'bm· ,1,9~ a : I('b:) 'lean lEta, iHI~;nm,el.'~.1~ ben,daj~il.\b" h;~Dgg'am ,.a lben,diil Gam. ar ,tiS" It tak "Y. us; diliil;alt j:;xub 'tK bing's R" S '= ....~an, 'b'iy'~g;Ml, IO.} e~, L e:n~'i ~ pt. m em,budu r:abWl, .1ensa h anUJ' 'ber.'i'~1 wi u,~~:k. j a!llb'Dy,a,~ S ~:= -:P]R. ]P\erh'i'i~ka~ j,l~
alo~lt'I~'b-~~iku,~. b .

u:niuk :.,

K.. m:ena "s:~f~t i W

e'~:i'h ben dill jau,b, tat. hi~gla u

ia.tal',iiD'idka mata m:~ opi

*8:0, m

',aJiDJ,1

emb eo,tu'k;,

digUf]f*'~

:8, ag_m,'miDJ,a' ultttr-an

l'~;IIIlSa

k._'C'ft' .m,aita

'r'~

diJJw:tnh=,

s~,s e o\[an;.I t~,dak diltp,at:Ill, c:tih.at' 'ben,oa jauh. tak: 'hin,gga d~:~g,an jelas. Klelll'udlm djB!. m,~m,eri'k:s'akM, ,dli.:ri kie' Uk' ,~'III en.g~ataS:L ',etL,e:M '~iBll], ...I.: w,t~ii!n ' .k 'II ...;~ !tl!iO'!!i.J.'er :m, ata, .~', 'l'lj,W :~'bIbJl'w~a '1...
,.;I '~_iI. to, •

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]

m em,rucai, kac a, m,'at:a d1el;lg a..m,

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• ~.,

t~rs c~!1lI,'t;1 .:J

Pen~yele~":m
S ;:::;::::; _,

:f ~ '~~D
S'i = ,-P'R,
:1

Tj.t~l<~ i~~lts·· ,=--. '~P'R d;~pilt' t.i~;en,hl'k;~.d:eng,p. ,m.~f1§'~ pn'ak.u, ,~~N:r,s'~.,afmt, sebflj;ai 'b·eriktl't. 6. ~
'n."

.r
~.
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I00 I,I{'O =:'-+,_,

S

s'r

PI.

liDO 100 P,l?;. =,300 c.m

-----

j"e'l as. :8 as ~m ana e :arM.J'a ag.' eem an say a -itu doop,at: m eHh~~'ben ell, J,iuh It* h~1l,g;ga7
D'11:. .. '" .~ ,!lrieS'.I;I!IO,:l•

Btny' ~'e:m'_kl1 ,b,_.ya. bisa :m..elibait ielas p·m:ln.gj~ub ~ m. >~JChi;n\da :Hllli.' m"e~iha:t p ap~. 'mH,s 'tid •. begj m

'P:r'~:5,bijo:~i dmi.~:le'b:~,rjl:'t: m.:~tatua :Y'2r~'m,'m ahl;.:y ang juga .,titik. de~kat dafi titik jauhmiy:a b~~'iah b,e.m b D,. Titi.R. !d;~kal~· olio., ~ .a.'i!i'i"Ii;~,t"','L. ~a.~,,,!II!-. - ~ .-i iiIi\'I,.,~", B" "!j"mc,..t.: ffliiii;..., l":'·-~ ~1~Ji:11]fQU!UJ d~ \Ijl!~~, Jg)!Lt~I~I]:;~"~1 . ~!I;\~Ui;;'·~Cli"', ,I: er m,IL)!;
rilU'".!'!i
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pr~srbi,~pi tieak b~.sa :Llll!!:Hhat 'iDen"da. dje.killt m.,IJ~pun jauh. d..el1:gan jl~:l~s.:M~til, . Y'i!l,g rnemiliki ::sifiat ~Ie'pe:rti:i'ili. men\g:al.ami mioipi, maupLfA,:m.p,e:fl1.1,'f!tropl. Car'll, ;m.·eD,3tP._ga11'~:D1a,
:a.'d,al. fil.,elllgg~llr.ti ~m. ,lta,e~, ,ataJ .r.!I'n,g~ap. m :DI'ari :P~Bj~:W,as~, ,m. '~t~~ dllpat ··diill'uli,s:~. :sifa-l~si£al m.8Ita pr,eiSbio~i ,S,;::bal·ai 'berikut

'b.
e. d

:'P' :> '25 em, :r&,<.; ...... :lidak b:i;s a-Jll. €li&at~'h ~n.da.j 3:U:b. :lll>aUpUDJ. d~bt p,eny[e!~.e:s3i.mlIJn:~la. em,akan: ,gabull,~rul, 1. opi diml. :01. m

:bi.per.m.etrop~.

'~. C o'b~ ,kwian j:~d,a;~'k~,d~'D,gmSitl~At dian.j;da~ b'alg'ajm, an;dtilh, ,~ln'-iciti.m.ahl yang::

t~r.~)~biit~ 3~

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ka'~ 3 m_,:art·a

b.
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Ct
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a,

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r~bl!l_Jl ,jau.h
t~.··'

(mi op~)

(bipe'rm .. inropi) e ada

pf,~'5010,P.~,

ell dlepan 1 e:U,SH L. d.'''5i,'k. I",m bac ,11,"'~IIIIIJ.~ yaug d1] I. eh\tj~i;\!t .p a.d(a,j Ir ,:!'.5 em.
:P'i\'i.(!:iJ
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iili;iirn;

S~s;e!@~r;i1im.,~: J'aD,~,'~ijtik dek.aJtu.yJI

yang, :h.am,~:s:'d~p~ 1

ptle':sbiopi deD,lan t~i k d,ek,Ij't l:! 50 ii: m., ,A.g:ar O'['liil g h 'ter!:,e1ilu;t(b,p at 'm em 'b':aea, pe;da Jar. ,)5 ~m~m:Ha b~a:-pUah uku~JtaJ.e~a.t'al,

S'ce:r.an,g :pcn.deri,t'iI

jarak: SOlem

n'ii Ilhl:i ~ ..~

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kae ~.'a!ta ,~g

.d~ngan j eli!J:S: aka' ~a .fut:~ S m qu ak~ ~. k~a'lc:'a:m, :t\ _ ]~;, e r:aJ:p ,aik:aib. k e k.ilr3;t an a:t

,Ag~

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'b~~,~a.jr~~h. ,d)~ipgb.j~a~.7 X~m.uldi~ jel:iIJ~ka~. :p'U~.3.:DlDj~e:O:l§~~lP~ 1ensa ll,ctgat~f

de9\! m j e~, Coba j el a,siktm. :m,e~g~.pI, B1t p'et\ ,dlari'ta i:l\iJj,i rti. d~k, delp a:l :M el i.:ha't
d~p;lt'~,emJ;) ail:~ily:a,1'

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A'';:.J

Titik,Janh,:Dl a:ua s"~o:raag' o,i 1. :m,etelr mi

,Jm'fs;ebul?
It)

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'In eli ];ud:

de.ng;a_n jelas imak~ i,a hams :In,"em,ak~

,A_g,at[" Ia dapia't m,eHh,a:t je~,laIsbenda J"al-rg j auh, i.a 1'l:,i\;jfi1!i :1.11. c,m.axai, :ta e am ilt,l* T'cB'wku, 'UKu:ran k:a,c,a. m,a~a ]"amg' ,m a
bU'Lubkan
I~

1.

'Y.'a.g: ~e;flet. :Ie'bjb, darl 50 em d.i '01 ato,y'a. Supaya (u:'mg t~rSieb~:td~p;a~ m e-lih a,t 'b e:n,da j a'~,h d~lli:,as, j lell fU: :m.~'_~'a''::'~-:ra:p-_'_____:'- .~_. ~_,:c-:_I,iiil!t~, k''ac~~ :ala, 8!k'b KWhkb _ y~g h'MUS~ di,p'.,run\J"'a1 S~se o.r;Ml! )nJng: mi ,opi '[ltilt dekatrn;,;;I, 401 C.m, se d:-i "tt.tikJ.Lhaya :JQ!l c~,.
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,8:'. M~J~,pre$,IiJ.'l'i' dM, ,IIJjD![Ji,i; :m,!f!m:ilkai , kac iElilllbarta b~f.okal:,(Ill :M!1, iciri dan :k;anim
:In,as~'~g: iaJ,M, -O'~,30 w,olp'tr,~, 4iMl +1 IS ,dli op,tr:i, TernY'lta, dlp'at :m"eh:hltbintM,g

d:eD,g: iUU, j e].as b e:1lI d'a

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=

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d,~'n,g,~~, '~,~k 'ber a ko~n, 0 d.il $,[1.. :Uart a, m ~l~hat s'eJ~~lh,.2 5 'cm,bJ~fak;i). o-d,t\lsi rs:e'an,dfrinY'I':kac am_aiany a dl:~ s"1 e:p'ii

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u;l]!mkm~mp f.b~SM' bmd-~-bmdabcit

alat

at- kmn,p~nen,h'mpo:o"en,bdl Li'balt'~m-b~,. d:1Ct'Un;bJk mem,;-taa~ ],ms8, ,c,etn biil,fi.,~' rsebag:IM1up~. :. aka bends

'biru;;3D~J'atWlis.im k~ciJ.

hams dil e~:Wdt'M,di :rn,illtg I :ru"e;n,s:31 ( 0 ,<' _S' '<.f) se!~ ~fan b~aMya ada1a, JMlU~ MStlk, ,elm ,diJ}a1~'m~", ~'ad,a pe-n,gg,~lniiM, ,~,up, -ap ~t di,tetit~llkln p erbesaran d b-~1'~;gan~y~- ,P'I~~'b~'~'~11tS'~OO,g: Idi,~Daki'l!Q, :p~ro e:~:aJg
:s~,dA1't (an,gul

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0,03:51 n~, aksi:m,u:~ d~:miI!g::m,~:u,:!p

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s''~:s _'
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:0 'au,bell da: :h,aiu~ ~[,e.~~Idr.~,

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:aPinl ,m re.m~'fuib'i pe:rs am i1:iin 'b~:rik!1a't.

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P!I!(pm, ItMl Ik~~m cdlfl~ :m".',si~ mum, .(~) 'lM1P~b.~ (b) d~DgMt
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dleillllUl:

M = perb elu,M, im!',I:u~,~el' :5:, ,~' ]·~V·*~,(;a, -g:o.r.:.oob J' :=, jJ:arak .f"C,kufS: h1,:P
:D; .~._._
ill

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i

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be,~.__

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m".~a 'b eta~m'o:qelsl:'m ak$imlim ~

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