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DEFINITION The essential health care made universally accessible to individuals and families in the community by means acceptable

to them, through their full participation and at a cost that the community and country can afford at every stage of development. (WHO)

CONCEPTUAL FRAMEWORK

Goal: Health for all Filipinos and Health in the Hands of the People by the year 2020.
Mission: To strengthen the health care system by increasing opportunities and supporting the conditions wherein people will manage their own health care .

Concept: Primary Health Care (PHC) characterized by partnership and empowerment of the people shall permeate as the core strategy in the effective provision of essential health services that are community based, accessible, acceptable and sustainable, at a cost, which the community and the government can afford.

It is a strategy, which focuses responsibility for health on the individual, his family and the community.
It includes the full participation and active involvement of the community towards the development of self-reliant people, capable of achieving an acceptable level of health and well being. It also recognizes the interrelationship between health and the overall political, sociocultural and economic development of society.

LEGAL BASIS . Letter of Instruction [LOI] 949 signed on October 19, 1979 by then President Ferdinand E. Marcos one year after the First International Conference on Primary Health Care was held in Alma Ata, USSR on September 6-12, 1978, sponsored by the World Health Organization and UNICEF.

FOUR CORNERSTONES / PILLARS IN PRIMARY HEALTH CARE


1. Active community participation 2. Intra and inter-sectoral linkages 3. Use of appropriate technology 4. Support mechanism made available

MULTI-SECTORAL APPROACH TO HEALTH The level of health of a community is largely the result of a combination of factors.

FACTORS IMPINGING ON HEALTH


Other health-related systems (government/private)

Ways of the Community Health People

HealthCare System

Environment (Social, Economic, Physical, etc)

INTRASECTORAL LINKAGES In the health care sector, the acceptance of primary health care necessitates the restructuring of the health system to broaden health coverage and make health service available to all. There is now a widely accepted pyramidal organization that provides levels of services starting with primary health and progressing to specialty care Primary health care in the hub of the health system. INTERSECTORAL LINKAGES

Primary health care forms an integral part of the health system and the over-all social and economic development of the community.

As such, it is necessary to unify health efforts within the health organization itself and with other sectors concerned. It implies the integration of health plans with the plan for the total community development. Sectors Most Closely Related to Health: 1. Agriculture Welfare

2. Education Control
3. Public Works Sectors 4. Local Government 5. Social Welfare 6. Population Control 7. Private Sector

APPROPRIATE TECHNOLOGY Implies the use of methods, procedures, techniques, and equipment/materials that are not only scientifically sound but also suitable to the community.

Criteria in Determining Use of Appropriate Technology 1. Effectiveness and Safety technique selected produce the desired effect without harm to those on whom it is applied. 2. Complexity actions taken is simple and easy to apply by local health workers and under local conditions.

3. Cost health action and technical components should not absorb a disproportionate share of the community resources.
4. Acceptability the technique is attuned with local culture and values.
5. Feasibility the technology is compatible with local conditions. 6. Inclusive or Scope of Technology directly related to the effectiveness, safety, appropriateness, and cost; if single intervention can serve a multipurpose, its value is relatively greater.

SUPPORT MECHANISMS TO SUSTAIN PRIMARY HEALTH CARE


1. Improvement of the following:

a. Working conditions of health personnel such as team building, performance review and promotion
b. Planning and management personnel at all levels skills of health

c. Technical skills of health personnel 2. Improvement of the referral system at all levels to ensure provision of adequate technical and other support services beyond the resources of the community.

3. Formation and use of an information system that will continuously monitor the changing needs and attitudes of the community.

COORDINATING MECHANISMS TO SUSTAIN PRIMARY HEALTH CARE National Level Social Development Committee of the NEDA shall be the Central Coordinating body. Functions:

a. It shall adopt and set national strategies, which clearly express a strong and continuous commitment to Primary Health Care.

b. It shall draw guidelines for effecting the collaboration of other agencies outside those of the social development sectors.
Regional Level Regional Development Council shall serve as the coordinating body of Primary Health Care programs in the region. Functions: a. shall translate the national strategies into appropriate regional strategies and work programs. b. shall monitor and evaluate the program of Primary Health Care implementation.

Local Level The provincial, municipal, and barangay development councils shall serve as coordinating, monitoring, and evaluating bodies for their respective levels.
Functions: a. They shall translate regional strategies into appropriate local strategies and work programs b. They shall monitor and evaluate programs of Primary Health Care implementation.

ELEMENTS / COMPONENTS 1. Environmental Sanitation (adequate supply of safe water and good waste disposal) 2. Control of Communicable Diseases 3. Immunization 4. Health Education

5. Maternal and Child Health and Family Planning


6. Adequate Food and Proper Nutrition 7. Provision of Medical Care and Emergency Treatment 8. Treatment of Locally Endemic Diseases 9. Provision of Essential Drugs

PRINCIPLES OF PRIMARY HEALTH CARE 1. Ensure access to a wide comprehensive health services. range of

2. Provide primary health care 24 hours a day, seven days a week. 3. Establish interdisciplinary group practices. 4. Service based on community need. 5. Primary health care must not be for profit.

6. Community Boards 7. Enrollment 8. Funding 9. Information Management 10.Coordination Care


11.Rights, Responsibilities, and Accountability

12.Education TYPES OF PRIMARY HEALTH CARE WORKERS Various categories of health workers make up the primary health care team. The types vary in different communities depending upon: Available health manpower resources

Local health needs and problems


Political and financial feasibility In general, the PHC team may consist of physician, nurses, midwives, nurse auxiliaries, locally trained community health workers, traditional birth attendants and healers.

LEVELS OF PRIMARY WORKERS

HEALTH

CARE

a. Village or Barangay Health Workers (V/BHWs) this refers to trained community health workers or health auxiliary volunteer or a traditional birth attendant or healer. b. Intermediate level health workers general medical practitioners or their assistants, Public Health Nurse, Rural Sanitary Inspectors and Midwives may compose these groups.

MAJOR STRATEGIES 1. Elevating Health to a Comprehensive and Sustained National Effort 2. Promoting and Supporting Managed Health Care Community

3. Increasing Efficiencies in the Health Sector


4. Advancing Research Essential National Health

CONTRIBUTION OF PRIMARY HEALTH CARE TO DEVELOPMENT


By improving health status and by stimulating action and organization in support of the development process. INTERRELATIONSHIP BETWEEN HEALTH AND DEVELOPMENT Development implies progressive improvements in the living conditions and quality of life enjoyed by society and shared by its members.

The healthier the population, the more productive the community becomes and the more improvements in the living conditions and quality of life (Less illness and disability) enjoyed by the people. To promote and maintain this high quality of life, certain goods and services have to be provided which are the outputs of the production process. A pre-requisite to increased production is an adequate supply of human resources both on the quality and quantity since man is a very important factor of production. The quality and quantity of human resources depend on the level of health of the people.

INTERRELATIONSHIP BETWEEN HEALTH AND DEVELOPMENT MAN as a Factor of Production

Production

Health and Quality of Life

Goods and Services

HEALTH, DEVELOPMENT, AND POVERTY


Illness or poor health leads to low production. Low production means low wages, which is not enough to meet the basic needs for food, clothing, and shelter. These inadequacies further add to the illness or poor health status, which means less energy and higher incapacity and less production. Due to illness or poor health status, expenditures go to payment of curative services and very little is left for preventive services and thus more illness occur.

POVERTY- ILLNESS CYCLE Low Production Lesser Energy Higher Incapacity Incapacity and shorter and life expectancy More illness Low investment In Sanitation and Prevention High Expenses in Curative Activities Malnutrition, Poor Education, Housing etc. Low wages

ACCESSIBILITY OF HEALTH CARE SERVICES


Accessibility means that essential health is geographically, financially and culturally within reach of the community. a.Geographically Accessible People do not have to travel several kilometers to avail of health services. b.Financially Accessible People can avail of health services at a cost they can afford.

c.Culturally Accessible Health practices and procedures are attuned to the values and perceptions of the people.

THE ROLE OF HOSPITALS IN PRIMARY HEALTH CARE


1. Support health activities community level. undertaken at the

2. Accept and follow up referrals from the community level.

3. Support the necessary training needed at the community level.


4. Support development of appropriate technology for health at the community level.

ROLE OF THE DOH IN PRIMARY HEALTH CARE Provide leadership in the promotion of Primary Health Care in the country. In coordination with the Social Development Committee of NEDA, shall design a national PHC program, which will focus on health development at the country level particularly in the rural areas through: a. Development of community-based primary health care programs by the community in partnership with the existing health and health-related agencies, both government and private.

b. Strengthening and reorientation of existing programs with close linkages with other health-related programs of the government and private sectors. c. Strengthening of program linkages among government in Primary Health Care at the barangay, municipal, provincial, regional, and national levels.

TRADITIONAL VS. PRIMARY HEALTH CARE


DIMENSION Goal TRADITIONAL Absence of disease PRIMARY HEALTH CARE Development and Preventive Health care

Focus of care
Setting for Services

The sick
Urban-based in hospitals, clinics, and homes Accessible only to few

The well and the early sick


Rural-based in satellite clinics Community health centers, health posts are accessible to all Active participants in health development Health is an integral part of the socio-economic development system Decision-making form bottomtop

People

Passive recipients of health care

Structure

Health is isolated from other sectors

Process

Decision-making from topdown

Technology

Curative Services based

Promotive and Preventive

Health Care 1
Block 3
Submitted to: Submitted by: Ms. Aileen Quiogue Kristel Joy Lasam

Mariegel Brotonel
Michael Miguel Florangel Quinto Charina Gina Raniel Billanes Laarnee Cuento Michael Malaluan Karen Escalada Froilan San Jose

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