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'lUmb!tm,a,sd,ala DlI*hluk:llidu, "ag mem;~lmy,w, ciD, sebag.;1mma muhluk ]11.1bangm
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:Srelai~,tumbuh_ tan'=mlM. j~B,a,'luel't8~ Uifl.£ 'p'em emb.lg~ 'yaitu~pnD!s.e:s' menuj.~ k~'d,e'wasmm: :~~t~~ :~~b,tl~ d~, mena tanamm ruda ~h~'1 ,tl1ik:menprmikan 1'e~ ~
'WlU1la~

TUjiU8ill. _p.~~'.jara_llJ. lta'lmn, ,ada, 'tu~:biDi 'a,dalai~_: ., dip at, metijl el'as'klU, tallap ~tahap, p,edum:bWftall dla, p.e:[kem-

'Ill mgm, p:ai:ilwnbu'lliiBD,'~ etb~DS,t

dap:a,~ :mleli~eladtm :~b~ r~,fakt-or )1'.g m,u,mg,arruili p U=' ; 'mlll~rMan dan, perke:mb ~B;.p, :p'h~d;ammbt~,.

lQ):ta,-bm 'kun,d

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'Ila~rp mk,~m;b amgan. e ~dmI~~' !i'M.pya, ,p'f.O,§~,5:[p,:eN'bMail,:bill Qioir. i[[;i:FI1ge~. n~.eh~ersedbmya ,:flklac-:fakto[' 1lI11!lld,ltbng. IPamb mtD. t-Mama, :kecil :m.~j :Sidi taBam,m difi,wua, d:m :mu!~gbasinr.:D '!lDium b'erawm diril, \~am sel ,a,g~t m. ad,- ~-'-'- liii,IO ;~emullli:--I''m~"'~~ sam,:UJlA:,'-.~- ..i.. Y,m· '.~'·lJ: ~'~m ;' ~--~r,_ -'~ A. ~un --J @l ,__ W,WUJ~ , I.,. __ p~ -' ·'et__ c'; meM' ~at~co· dan ,dlmn 'D~~ au 'Aula beWM mmbuh d·ari ~am l.-.. '!IE'-:.i . :. sre], ,~il)[D:t;,m,~j ~idiem.ibrio!,kielnllr'am 'berke.mbatlB :m eq :adi. sa~u -,..:aJ.~ l' ':'1n;1l,.. ,- ..:I', , , . ,- ',' , . Un,g,Vluy tt~l\I!:!i,l"ii;~,p uengan, :' afg~,-,I!J(F,I,gJ;1. y:gu ,.:a,-, ,~~;:.ii!,.~... .....,.h k"'''''': U:b. l~, ,:s;~p

S mIUS, O:l'gami.we dJ:a1;Ml.:m dup~,Ja:.,e,t:l'e;ai:ami. ,mS1e:i per·Ill.. _'!I:... II " '1.. ~ .iII".J'~ 'iii.. 'IL~_ U!~i:JJliFm 'I..!~ !!Ill;I]!1g.:S', 'H - 'iL ~.an 'ters:e-,uu,t 'te1'J'au~, W,1'e~fii!:!i~an ,S emu a, I~:' 1 r.eN1!lJ1
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,m~)lk: :biliu" 'Ylfle 'b.e~pa p el1aannrm811;iO 'W:kur.~ {:vlb¥me, mus:-. ... .....:..h.'l'!i~ t.":r~'t. ~ d,~ift '.'~""II!I!:~ " :W'9i1"1111!i' ·'!i,..·,aiF~~ •. 'i·I"'U,IJI.~"'~II.!il!IUII'ii' .;l:; J"~e
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""&., ,j1..__,~t;.;:..1;;'; b ,.1;..,1:; ,• h'wa .pe.ru,;li;;Ir,~m\j'an:g '~I~,an gj:~~,'Ult uV,~reir$iQst :Pm,s;'b;wa ..:I~.I'- ,,'~, - - ' -- "",,"" -·I-iII.- - - ..L, ,,.:I' ,-" .. " , ...'~'"' ' ' ... ,';1 ~",'~l ..... __ Ulf.LffeQ~UiIIS~.m,emQl;..';1im _~M:p rei eU'aan 'Y,8;lg\!L;U,:iiI.lI!: ~ :~a S!4
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p:mltb~ ~t·~adi sd,g]!('J ,m elsa,:pem1mbubim :m,nJuju pada, -''''0' 'Il"""".;ll:" -, """1-, - "" - 'k;." :;':," 1';.. ', 'k _fii..~J'I.. 0""[1--',", , pi!>-,-,;;I"",~ A,'!;g.·~;g~ ~eUl.Il6~,jJIj l!;""fY",,!!!-!!!NU4'!!. ,__ ,~ao"",n C,-:::-' yiiimg l!.I'~g
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Imblih, (:J,f:gam,Slm~~mtar,iJj hUD sHm gme,tik:ym,l; ada, tUi 1~;l,i1m,gell, cr&t',:?;at:p',eng;amr ~E!bru1;.:y:~g.mer~g$~@; p'crtumb~h~ Ad~,oo.

f"aktor :[i:ngkt~l)8Jl :m!e.mpakan, f6k1ll~ dan ~'lar yang m~,enganlhi p'efluill1bu;]l,im~ K:emUii~cCll\. pIQ&ell~, g,enetii: ,h:anya, 'aka Ib,er~e,.,'~, b-'-' ;~Ii1i~iJ._:!1!i, wi~!~~~ --:'~~'~- ~:;·F;;";"';·~'~OCt'l'lIl., '1",--- u~·~ ---'-k'" . ~~6fID _:_:QlD.:= a '~~, , '_ ~;an-'~ aD!f, JCl~llej[] ., '-D"""--(h:!m:i~~ ,ri,kt. ya:g ,~I,adatUfm'buh:ar.L d:a, :htwan :l'l~tM.\l;~, p,•• :bsm -:to't'er.t=&li ·,m,tars, :f.Mt!l!l(r !Itenetik: d,et1K.an flkto:r ru~n,I-' bin,B~ ~n,~~af'Q. ~.~.~ i~.~:ama.

't1ml,.-

A~ Tahap-Tahap Pertumbul1,an dan PSlikembangan

pada, '.Ium"buhan BBrbung'8 '1~ Tal1a., Awall p,l(rI:um bl!!lihan
:P~:brMao, p;adl, hiji '0012, lEim.~,ai .pil~a ~~It.pr:a ses fiiik~ ,kimia;, d8l. biololim~~ai 'bedanl~mJ'I'Mu.la:-,m~lateJj,am, pm se~':i gk:a s:eat bij rn. :1IID~t~,kw~1'lnJbiGi:s~' atau :p~~,erap an. air :sampru.'~ijiU!ruIannya, 'b extamib:m ~., :•. eaJ;adi $,aai air :Olalmk: ke ~:al~. 'ilDtiji. ~.zi:m - enztR :mWlai akti:f ~,eb:inge"a. men ~~;;illk'~iIPi' r~_,'I.. 'II";; ....,.,:,8. .~ ~~I 'L~::ur~ ~~lA.Ill) '!ir!~"'''J ,MDIt '

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cadangan. :m._~ui'~. ,p:id:~ :!; ~~,t:p,~]"kec;i1lInbmml 1;. ~1:m~~g 'yang mp unm!c '0 erke c:b;hoo_. .
.

1m.mtarfi l~ :mqutiJk. i;[l,~t8bll~,m~ d·a!jam Idi 'biji de~l,u, :men;sm,teli s cadang,an m.Bman .sebigal "med~laBll
Keglit ~

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Keglat,aft
(Be-" I\i-~

ikiir' ~~:ti.s: !II.aD ·K.,:-'~ ~[_,A'iL'~ dl~r~~l!\, iI..-: .... JlU'!I!_~ ----- --.,~p'e.-~-~~ Men; •. ma,U. ,Plerbnm'lbuh.illit. :[i1!i,ebti~.i :P erC€IIl!i1aan .him:h:ihisi
.

Mm». i,uld~ka~ 1111, b~i~sjmiFJ1J!tlO'~~ihln daJ'1' dQJ~,,,j :m'I"';m,bllh~1 enS7"gi. ,ro It: d:u BiD:.: L B *: mau lcmlbu. air
.TUjutJ'IJ':

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Kac:~~' :mj au, a.tau ~,~j:i k~&ilWl~,',;ta(an~ml1:ml'G sud'D, k,m:ll~

1. :RJtilld:Mi1i hiji k~c~I~~ ke ,d:al;am

'm,.. Ii:-,-r·
L_'W!t.lJ'W!iIll

..'II ,,,,:11 ~ ~,itJJ~,

:im:,

i:e:t\ludi-ao. ,1'UllS,ml:mt:W'l tenno-·

l!i~U

&'io'i ..t.C~Ii'fiIii' eiijl!lj ~JhIJU~~~ ~iIill

"JllliUj.

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2. C';,~atlmoo mhu p'ad a p enn,ul,aan k-~g1mm (I,em, emJbuliLl p

't~'a.dli. ··-eti~..•,':anm.'!',a-_. - ....~:W,_. -- S - --:ap ] -~--- -f

,'ang,

1_ S.~e.b:a.;EJ;;ai.,klBttiUClt mnanhm 't~llnn,eJter yaoB yaot 'b en:n, rm,d,am;811. :sep ato'JIg :liigM.
'Ha~~ Kle gi lit 80, d;8!J PmgaDlilVml:

d~f\end.aIiil,pall1;~ ,air.

1. Apakah, ~nJadi perb e·d·im! s;u:hJlIp',a~a r'mu1.mnlill, bijj, :k,iJi!:an , deg

ng_ feadaro~ sell~tOD.'g a~:~' ., ,A,a, b,emla im.bri.bisi ,m,B liii'pediltafikan ,O!~. b:~]ii.kaG:~B: denl,:aa,
scpo'to:lll iBif.?

2~ Per:liec~m'b.n.
P'.b,c:amb shan aib:ru ib m'Wl!cWnYllpiSntlila (~JDi'Wg,,k~~ru]) w-i dfat.,[l bl~jJiymlm,em",J"itii'l d ·h'3Si1.p etlY~l~bru'haodan ..p eikJe:mll an,tn. fm.bri.G Pad i8l perkemb ~lru'1J, emhnn :S8a't, b erklelCZ"lIiiIi:!mI:ah 'b ag);m :p,lum,w:i lWlt'buh, floo, beikem,banl menj d, b a.tm&, sedan ~~au r,aiikUl~,menjam. ak~ n,p'_~f: :ti]~rtec~'b allan. ad:iilJ ma@a.m,. ttp,_-~ e' w.'ru dn;~ go~,l 3:~,~ 1 !e:b :ag~ 'bmht 3. Tip1e'p er.kecam:b M,m dl abu t;aalt I(~i,pal) 'tipe -1\1, ~e1ji/alii jik'l, plumull, (luffhalikan Gamlb':ir 1.1) i
0,

IG~r1f,"

'hiji

p ermukasn 'taitah, 'te,tap b-er~~~ ld~.dmarn tm,iDL

:LllUD,cu1

m, at~:

:5~ttallgkml,,kiaul ei~ou,

:ra:lm!iIWI:m:Ui£1i.!lllt

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:bbaiWah

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mUIJ@Mh Y'fIDI nlilfrilifd

musimidS m
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salam. muaimumi

ru... lklh
dim

P8nu.mbqhon .nltD.mll .J:jad .. ttl"'l", IIObO:D~ ppiJU.k ralUflll t dDn aJar~ bunga 511D dauri, munou I dali PUClllt lUlU ~ ..

Ranli-.g""ma~M

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mmbltll mamlfII1aq.dM)

b, Tipil! P erk,ecmnb Shim, di '~awab, 'tum, fJi'JIO:pai) T:iil'e':[M, ~eJj ] ika~plwutila dan, kGftmledafl HfJJ:unwl ,am.

penrmru'kaw 'tmm.

a:i ;al-a5

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:M:akanoo un'wt penum:buh:B,-lmbrio

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ca_d;an~R~, :tu;~mati ,karena,'l\i eJ.'um terb ~1ftJm~,~,:k:h!uTrJ:6:1 :'JaDe'

di,lJ' etolth dan,

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dip edmri!11 d,alj,cmnlooto~~em:S". ':P:da'JUm1i~bM, dikotil m'lkamm. : diparJleh, d;ari 1<0. -~d~, sed:mgtml p:i\da.tuwtnjffirum monoik!tJbI ~,
1

dip emleh flmi eIi.rlka,~ etrn~.

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3" P'lrt um bllil"flif~1Pri:m 11

'S;ete~ rns~.~'frk:ec.nballan. diiwti, p,ermm,b~l1m 'tis,a; 6. m!tem j ari~ian :m.eEiB~eiWJJ, ~~rijD;et' 'lIang te'lleto: dw,,Om dan 'bat-m'., :P'~uia ini 'Wnlbtihcm :m:e.'.bmit'bli:'·U;CI[~ 11atan~ dan fue dmm_ g:a si stem. j arl0li.· primer 'Y~G ~erb enmk ,seb:~e,ai

'bm~l

Pro:imderm ,y:a.'tlll lapis M, terhJ,ar' ',a 8 ak~. memb ellib.:1k j';mngam ,qJ~da1;m:s:;. h, Mm~em d,as,m:' akan 'lJrdke-m'ban~ mre~. ali. ,jPdng,3fl dasar y,Mne, m:enBj!i ~,a,pism,k~,rt.SJ prada, ,ak_ di. ,8ii]iar.,~, :st:y~e d;111 l~p~,de~nH s, C'. :P.rokambhJ~ yai'm,: ,api:sm d'ab.mJ J'.~l.D.e:*~m ~I:ang
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t

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.mud/a 'y,Me, :k~l:~ar dari b~ji !e.'I~ra. s_mk: ke d•. aM. m timiai1...s;e'anjumya :mc'emb ~1lJmk mft~lll. p~m1e '~atulman.

pr'"

pal_8"·abr.'

Pada Ui~B :amtar -ymlt

:fltasm D][Ulih\

·t~rd~:at ,em{f~laI! daerah

.p enumi&iUhand~ejb,a;g. 'be:ribt Q. 21'ltWttHg O'iDl-' (MI;pt~"tl) Tuldu_Dil: .DM ;a:ta~,kD:[J.tfa 'b'emtn~l~ise'bag.~ p·tdiml.~!!I;DG:
!i- ...

~k,"iI'Ii~------ ~ar ~~.!i~1i!U:ap ;~iiMl'~ .q;'I;I'gI!i,!ar ' ..'~ , .. '~r~~~;~u m";lQ"gn ,iMi,Sl -~~OO.B....I~---i,~..1.." .....l---, "'---- ... 'I~,IIi'-P ~__ J1bfufiarL FuD,pi.l mn 'uj'U'ng oar ,,,aim ,mem;urli:al1ikan. i~ It\'elimllbus LEah kar:en:~ mdJMg, akar jdilenpapi. ~. m~~W1!ffAm ~ deneB :SeheSL(,mran :~olisakari,d,a
-'ii.., .. ,.:a!-.
'k ----b .... ---- .~i

f~-III~IIII

:Perbed~ :a!ll'tava. ld~ll~ akar dllotil ~.• 11l,flIftj)koti~~$e~ h 'b Ie;ai b,erimt, ,~efni]iki ti~lrtum'fub,:pada, km~,t1ra,.ter,seJbt~t. ,_, 'Pads. ~l])be .akar :tnQDa:~O:tirn,", aD.'tM'8 UJUfiR ak~' dan
kal:iptra ~erdapat, '~a~8 ,'~:8 j iel8i5. alao ny;~a, dan ,mm~·p'1!1mI1ai 'bltik 'm,;wibu;h, !]~:t~H~gdiri JaDg' [tit sebut
l;Q~bpt,~'OgQ'n .

:Pada, tll~dU_llgai,ir dikotit ;BtBil Uj'U'llg tak.- d:en:latt l~m'ipka ,tid'd: ~erd~at. hma~ -yml. ,je'ru:as' dUe 'tidak

ib.~&!m.

~-"mi_~ ak@:

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0 ,----

S ~l·-"el kaHptra, :taue 119m. dlellgan .:l1l'Wl,g ,akH ,m!e.ng,.-' dung butfE.,-'!b~tir'tep\Ulj! Ya:Qg, .dl'seb~t ioblmem. ,Ii Ma7iftem
y"

$umu ~~~mMi ~~~.B" • GIl'L~ 1A I~ 'm!1:k~m. ,~.iIi iibt

-.- -

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Mm~l ,me-wp,~m 'b~Ii;,n, dmi uj:OO[!; :akar ymlG :5i~lfi",iili s:eo.ti,asa, ,m,enl~:akan ~,emb e1uaa 'Seen 11ti'~Osri.s:, 'M,e;nlteo't,:ini '~ed etak: W be'~akmg 'ruJ.rJ~L18 ak,.~ 'P'ath~j
",fj ~~ _'I,~. us i;.VIii.
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:ap~ka1,

:r.b~ierD. :p'lemranj ,QBml

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'~er:l:et'8k

te,bat Imm. 'bagi.:•. :I.aio~ 'Petl1;~j:.Dgan .~~ terSieb~~, b e:tp Man ,P mWI mnN'k. :lll)mJ:-' bmtu d~1 't,ek., ;tar dan: '~;l,!(iDt~I''tJ1n>·
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~1LIi.qJj~'~PI.IL CII..Ii' m' C - ~~",",~ ~ .~~

b e:l;Dan ~d

'~ieUlkalug d,ae_f,~. .m.'eri.iS~e:lIt :S,el··sel hEm, :~~'bwa~ :m.m~~~ ,tumbuh ..d~ 'oe:r= kem'bang ·:m~nll-j['.;G: ,P~da daerah, ini. Akb.v,i~up edum,Dfuihan dan :p~dtem.ban:l~ :In/Gm~iiIll;g; (lan. sal In ~;nrlalcibafkm, '~I eB'·

;m

p!:mE"jqan

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c

daunl'ija. B~1ZmlklJililtul menvlmpa;n lIir Uf1~U.l:t kllijlil'ltml1 'kMoIllll*s.

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Tanail dan udara ymB lemb ap. b Hp 9ganth ter.hadap pmtum,.,'btilh;m. Padakteadaan l~Mb';~~~ra@y'*ai:r'Yml& dis'erap

oleh t~1i.mwdbaQdan ~ew.kit pem)Patl~ 1;aJli~: adi ~!f:h~~!~I~ 'be~1

m'en,B:'~'Hi'b ~~k,iin ,Pertam bun 8]1, m.e:lljad1l eep at.. .Aki'b at p etllan~ atl,gimsel-sel .. ug c'e,a" tUllmfbuhan bertantb,al] bel's;,,: y P~(bl. kOnJdi~ .lIM!"E~r k~la[g1ll :;;M- ~:~II'~.k:ecU. :k:arella l.tan~1~am.y:ang knn!!tlJg~ iip!UD. ootuk ,m~g!~t~, ~cl e'b(~atl A~ air, !twr:n:buhan berad·iJ!lasi ;imlmgalt Ill.~. p~enn~aM. he~cai,2I11 daun, Y~I; 1eb3'.

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m emb et1.mk .lJ min!l;iaD n ennan,el~. 1 lal r F ak!I:o[',~:Eakoo Ictal., '~.g, memenga,· Ii

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