EXCITATION SYSTEMS

Presented By: Anurag Agrawal Rochak Dwivedi Rohit Akiwatkar

CONTENTS
1. 2. 3. 4. Objectives Importance of Excitation Basic Generator Control Loops Types of Excitation Systems (a) D.C. Excitation System (b) Static Excitation System (c) Brushless Excitation System. 4. Generator Excitation Scheme of the 330 MW units. 5. Conclusion

OBJECTIVES
1. To explain the requirement of Excitation System 2. To explain the working of various excitation systems

IMPORTANCE OF EXCITATION
Regulation of terminal voltage, MVAR and power factor. Regulation of load angle. Ensuring protection of generator.

BASIC GENERATOR CONTROL LOOP

Automatic voltage regulator loop controls the magnitude of terminal voltage.
CT
PT

AVR
Controller

The excitation is Controlling terminal voltage, MVAR and PF with suitable accuracy.
DC-Discharge

Converter

TYPES OF EXCITATION SYSTEM

1. 2. 3. 4. D.C. Excitation System High Frequency (Rotating) Excitation System Static Excitation System Brushless Excitation System

D.C. Excitation System

In this system exciter is d.c. commutator generator. Exciter can be driven by direct coupling or through reduction gear. Firstly a relatively small rated output pilot exciter supplies the excitation for main exciter. Secondly the main exciter in turn supplies excitation to main generator rotor. Pilot exciters output is regulated by variable resistance through motor driven rheostat, which is controlled via AVR .

~
SM =

DC Exciter

A.C. Excitation System

Types of A.C. Excitation System: 1. High Frequency Excitation (HFEX) System 2. Static Excitation System 3. Brushless Excitation System

STATIC EXCITATION SYSTEM

1. Main equipments:
a. b. c. d. Rectifier transformer. Thyristor rectifier banks. Excitation startup and field discharge equipment. Regulation and operation control circuit.

2. Advantages: a. Fast Response b. More efficient and low maintenance

Excitation system main components

Excitation transformer

1)

Automatic voltage regulator (AVR)

AVR 4)
Thyristor converter Crowbar

3)
Field breaker

2)

BRUSHLESS EXITATION SYSTEM

No slip rings and brushes. PMG can be used as the pilot exciter. Less maintenance required.

Generator Excitation Scheme of our 330 MW units.

CONCLUSION
Excitation system is an integral part of generator and thus of a power plant. So it knowledge is of utmost for every engineer working in the plant.