i
TABLE OF CONTENTS
PRELIMINARY STATEMENT .................................................................................................... v
I.
INTRODUCTION ................................................................................................................... 1
II.
THE COMPLAINT AND THE E-BOOK INDUSTRY ......................................................... 4
III.
STANDARD OF JUDICIAL REVIEW .................................................................................. 6
A.
The United States is Entitled to Substantial Deference in Crafting a Settlement ............ 7
B.
The Court’s “Public Interest” Inquiry Should Focus on the Relationship Betweenthe Harm Alleged and the Remedy Selected ................................................................... 8
IV. THE PROPOSED FINAL JUDGMENT ............................................................................... 10
A.
Ending Collusion by Settling Defendants ...................................................................... 10
B.
Restoring Competition for E-Books With Respect to Settling Defendants ................... 11
C.
Compliance and Enforcement ........................................................................................ 13
V. SUMMARY OF PUBLIC COMMENTS AND THE UNITED STATES’ RESPONSE ...... 15
A.
Prominent Themes in Industry Comments ..................................................................... 16
1.
A Window for Retail Discounting Eliminates Terms That Facilitated CollusionWithout Imposing a Business Model on the Industry.............................................. 16
2.
Consumers, the Victims of the Conspiracy, Will Benefit as Limits on RetailDiscounting are Lifted ............................................................................................. 18
3.
Collusion is Not Acceptable, Even in Response to Perceived AnticompetitiveConduct .................................................................................................................... 20
4.
Protection From Aggressive Competition Does Not Justify Keeping CollusiveAgreements Intact .................................................................................................... 24
5.
The Proposed Final Judgment is Neither Too Regulatory Nor Too Ambiguousfor Enforcement ....................................................................................................... 25
B.
Individual Responses to Detailed Comments ................................................................ 27
1.
Barnes & Noble, Inc. ............................................................................................... 27
2.
Consumer Federation of America ............................................................................ 34
3.
Independent Book Publishers .................................................................................. 36
4.
American Booksellers Association and Members ................................................... 38
5.
Authors Guild and Members .................................................................................... 38