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t;'-1'1·5'
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KAJIANKONSEPPENGUKUR:AN'~HDSEBAGAIINDlKATORPENDUGAANPENC~AHANORGANIK
.
~-
.
DIPERAIRANDAERAHTROPIS
.
..
~
-'_'
OLEH
BOBBYPOLII
PROGRAMPASCASARJANAINSTlTUTPERTANIANBOGORBOGOR1994
SUMMARYPOLIIBOBBY.TheexaminationoftheBODmeasurementconcept-asanindicatoroforganicmatterpollutionestimationintropicalwaters.(UnderthesupervisionofSOERATNOPARTOATMODJOassupervisorleader,GUNARWANSOERATMO,MUCHAMMADANWARNUR,BIBIANALAY,MUCHAMMADSRISAENIandTaroNGMARlUNOascosuppervisors).Waterasanecologicalcomponentisabsolutelyneededbylivingorganisms.Thedecreaseofwaterqualitycould
be
causedbythepresenceoforganicmatter.LevelofpollutionbyorganicmattercouldbeestimatedbythemeasurementofBiochemicalOxygenDemand(BOD).Untilnow,BODmeasurementisstillbasedonthestandardmeasurementinsubtropicalwaters.Inthetropicalregion,usingincubationtempera-tureof20°Cduring5daysisnotsuitable,sincethevelocityofbiochemicalreactionisinfluencedbytemperature.Themainobjectiveofthisstudyistofindout:
(151)
theincubationperiodandtemperatureintheanalysisofBODintropicalwaters,
(2nd)
theoxidationconstantrate(K)andUltimateBOD(L)fromthreetypesofpollutedwater,
(3rd)
therelation.ofBODandCODasindicatorvariablesofpollutionduetoorganicmatterintropicalwaters.Thisexperimentwasundertakenbyusingsamplesfromthreedifferentsources:(a)waterfromCiliwungriver,(b)sewagefromslaughterhouse,and(c)textileindustrysewage.Fromthesethreesourcesofsamples:DissolvedOxygen(DO),BOD,N0
3
andNH4during20daysincubationwereanalysedinadditiontotalbacteria,carbohy-drate,proteinandfatwereanalysedduringthe1".5
th,
io»,
15
th
and20
th
incubationdays.Otherparameterssuschaschloride,temperature,pH,suspendedsolids,anddissolvedsolidswereanalysedbeforeincubationwithfourandeightreplications.TheresultofthisexperimentshowsthattherearedifferencesinBODvalues
incubatedat200Cand300C.Thesedifferencesshowsthatusingincubationtemperatureof20°Cduring5dayswhichiscurrentlyuseddoesnotrepresentBODvaluesoftropi-
cal
waterswhichhavetemperaturesof300C.DistributionofK(oxidationconstantrate)valuesof20°Ctemperaturefromthesethreekindsofsamplesrangedfrom0.123to0.151andattemperatureof30°Crangedfrom0.227to0.283perday.FromtheslaughterhousesewageoftheKvalue(200)was0.151andK(30°C)was0.283;waterfromCiliwungriverK(200)was0.124andK(300)was0.227andtextilesewageKvalue(20°C)was0.128andK(30°C)was0.233.FromthedistributionofKvalues,itshowsthattheKvalueintheincubationtemperatureof30°CistwotimestheKvalueintheincubationtemperatureof20°C.ThisresultfitstotheideathatvelocityofreactionwillacceleratetwotimesaccordingtotheincreaseoftemperatureoflOOC.
Based
onthecalculatedKvaluefromthetex-tilesewage,sewagefromtheslaughterhouseandwaterfromtheCiliwungriver,theperiodofBODanalysisthetropicregion(300C)is3days,whilethatofthesubtropi-calwaters(20°C)is5days.Identificationofbacteriafromthetextilesewageattheendofincubationperiodshowedthepresenceof
coliforms
bacteriaand
Staphylococci,
while
Bacillussp.,coli-forms
and
micrococci
wererecoveredfromtheslaughterhousesewage.SamplesoftheCiliwungrivershowedthepresenceof
coliform
and
Micrococci.
Theviablebacterialcountobtainedinthisstudyshowedthatsamplesformtheslauhterhousehadthehigh-estnumberofbacteriarangingfrom10
7-
IOs/ml.ThebacterialcountfromsamplesofCiliwungriverand.textilesewagewere10
3
-10
5
and10
6
-10
7
/mlrespectively.TheBOD(3,30"C)valueofwaterfromtheCiliwungriverandBOD(3,30"C)ofthetextilesewageisabout10%oftheCODrespectively,whiletheBOD(3,30°C)ofthesewagefromtheslaughterhouseisabout30%oftheCODvalue.
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Kajian Konsep Pengukuran BOD Sebagai Indikator Pendugaan Pencemaran Bahan Organik Di Peraturan Di Perairan Daerah Tropis
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