You are on page 1of 5

HdG dG

qdG HU
j Gfc WCG e OY EG Jh eG J EG LG f qdG HU e X

be hQ

e fj Gfc jdG (1)dG ge H G S Y cfh .kjL gq e h vY e Gd fCG kY SQG

jHdG eGh bdG IMh

AEGh d HdG cG

:gY HGf fCG H a GKCGh ,HdG g

jh hQOhh

jjCG dCG

GOhQ ZhCG

jOEG SeJ

(1924-1856)

(1955-1879)

(1917-1840)

(1931-1847)

(Woodrow WILSON)

(Albert EINSTEIN)

(Auguste RODIN)

(Thomas EDISON)

dG ceCG FdG

q GE IAGdG e j
.Y e IY jOG

dG dG AjdG Y
e U j c
h dG ce
.G h dG

,dG fdG dG
Z qfCH JJSCG Uh
.dG Y QOb

dG ceCG G
H SG JQG dG
qoj c FHdG
e qfCG Y dG
.Zh

National Advisory Committee on Handicapped Children

jd J jdG WCG dhCG qfCG Y qdG HU hP


J c dG dG e cCG hCG IMGh HGVG
.Gh dG h bGh HG JSGh dG a
.(3)dG hCG G bYEG e CH bY d dh
dG NGdG JGdG HGVG e Y dH q a
.e Xd edG AGOCG QH J

qdG HU SCG :khCG


:gRHCG ,IjY k HSCG qdG Hd EG

ZedG dG `1
EG IFY OdG e j dG HdG J CG G e

HG gG
q fa ,G J SGQd dG Oq J
Gh dGh dG AWCGh YCG AYh dG AYh
IjL FH Je IOq e jJ QX EG iOCG e ,dH
MGe G Gg q e M ' q dG HU'' J
e .G HdG Ge e c j CG b IqY
.MG N e VG Gg Y dG CGH ,1900 dG
Samuel Orton`c Q G G g I c A SCG Ra
HU'' e Vh e hCG j dG Kirkh Straussh
Y qaYh ,1961 Y (Learning Disabilities) ' q dG
dh dGh dG cCG hCG e MU oj dG dG fCG
,1975 dG h .(2)Y J hO eh M bYEG hO e
(NACHC) bG OhCd WdG jQSG dG aq Y
2006 f - 37 OdG - jHdG dG 12

HdG dG
.''bdG Y''`dH iNCG EG Y N e FSdG J dG
edG e q e e e Qb EG dG bf VJ bh
HU Y j e G dH XH J M
.qdG

jedG IQhdG j b e hCG XdG dG hCG edG J


G Y dG RG Y qKD j dG eCG ,ce e
a ,edG Y k jCG qKD j bh ,IOdG AKCG hCG ,G N
. Y qKD J ITe HUEG

jdGh dG `5
GG Geh AGdG
q c dG GG Y j b
.SQG AGOCG V YGQdG jhOCGh
JhdGh dG dG CG qJ a jd dH eCG
Y qdG Y Y GqKD j WCG EG aG OGG IOjRh
.ddG

.gG dhDe dG jM

.dG Y Y k jCG KDJ jdG

W eGY `6
HU e fj dY f g q CG SGQdG qJ
jdG Y f eCG jh .IFGdG SG e fj ,qdG
Y a ,HdG e j eh PCG VGeCG e fj
.dG Yh dH UG edG e Qb
(5)

qdG HU J :kfK

:b EG qdG HU J

FdG qdG HU -CG


Lj dG dhCG GQGh FXdG GVG gh
g Jh .OcCG YVG dG H O dG
dG AGLEG hCG dGh IAGdGh HdG d SSCG GQG
VGh dO
q GE GQG J dG GVG eh .HG
:J gh ,F qJ HU e j OdG CG Y

13 2006 f - 37 OdG - jHdG dG

q GE M ,G Y gKCG d CG Y G Ia CGh c
,J dG VGeCGh ,G Ia N gY jdG f
PhdG e kYGfCG qJ b ,qdG hCG qG hCG fCG c
Z dG Y
k a ,H ZeO J EG dH ODJh G
d eG CG hJ H d dG d dG
.G Me N GQGh
hCG O dG VJ hCG YCG e da IOdG H eCG
k S qKD j e ,edG QG EG ODj b ,HdG d
HU e dP M fj b e EG k aVCG ,dG Qe Y
.J

dG NCdG `2
Z j m H dG Y Gh dG dG NCj b
... dGh dGh cG fRGJ Y I dG Y QOb
Je IjL Y Gb GMEH q e eda
G ODJ b dG NC dG f EG PEG , dG iNCH
.qdG HU

KGQdG edG `3
jdG WCG e %40 EG %25 f CG SGQdG iJ
.(4)KGQdG eY H dEG fG b ,qdG HU e fj

jhcdG eGdG `4
e wc q j dG dG jG je e edG q j
jG g q oJ .jhdG e Yk f oJ ,q e iNCG jH

HdG dG
cdG HU -3

GQOG HU -1

IdGh IdG IcGdG eG GNG HH Jh


iNCG M XJh Jh He HHh ,iG
.LG Y JOSG HUh

:HH qJh ,dG


j ,aG j , o dG) ZG dG hCG G GQOG (G
AdG N HG TCG Y cdG .dG dG : HH q Jh ,dG
dG Qe j (HG hG) dG HdG dG IcGdG .dG dG CG ,GUCG bJ : HH q Jh ,dG
j hCG H j dG .IOdG e MG Y JQG e f j j dG U TCG AD g CG EG IQ TEG Qh
eh e c d dG EG hDj dH J HU
.j

OcCG qdG HU -

k UCG J dG G OcCG qdG HH j


:gh SQGG WCG b e
(Dyslexia)

IAGdH UG HdG -1

IedG H GkQfG YVG cCG e IAGdG HU qJ


: ``H qJ M ,dG HdG hP e
.IAhG dG e AGLCG hCG dG H M `
.dG IOLG Z dG H aVEG `
= eJ) f G b iNCH dG H GHEG `
.(W
.Qe CG hO e Ie e cCG dG H IOYEG `
.(QO = OH) jJh MCG b `
(Dysgraphia-Dysorthography) HdH UG HdG-2

GQdGh GQG J g YCG cG HdG


dGh SG GQe cG J M jdG
dG GQG cG HU dG LGh e GPEGh ,IAGdGh
k jG HdG J HU j S ddG fa hCG
: `H HdG g qJh
.IBGG d hJ c J H OGYCGh hG Y `
e Se IQH cCH Gh dGh WG Hc `
.dH hCG dG EG QdG
(Dyscalculia) H UG HdG -3

: HdG ,JS eh
.SdGh TCGh MCG `
.q dG `
.dG dG HdG `
.VjdG dCG `

: HH q Jh ,dGh hdG
.FGhdGh WCG M GQOEG dGh hdG HU e fj jdG UTCG jh
.WG SH

(6)

MCG e c cJ) :fGh aGdG HH Jh


.(ge h
OS hCG QNCG J f) :HdGh dG HU .(e Z jH b
.(dG EG UN dM f) :dGh SG HU -

qdG HU hP FN :kdK

.jNBG e edG h GdG Y dG Qb `


.jdGh dG JcGdG h dG Qb `
.fG dG `
.IFGdG cGh dG `

dG HU -2

2006 f - 37 OdG - jHdG dG 14

HdG dG
.e d jHdG eGdG
qJ HU e fj jdG WCG :UG HdG
k N q J , dG UN W EG L H
eG g hO eh ,QdGh dG Y JYeh Je
aZ jOdG baQ e G jdH qdG e j
cCG fH q J dG e GfCG EG Lj M ,dG
dG dG aj k YOh k Jh IT eh M
k Vh
.OdG

e j eY Y e H CGj e dG j eY `
.dP
.dG dH dG e oj e Hc Y `
.VjdG SSCG dG AGLEG HU `
.HSG b dG QaCG d jW bh EG LG `
.vJGP ANCG cG V `
.cG SdG V `
.GG OM J `

qdG HU J FGa :keN


.qdG HU e fj b jdG Ra .UN eN J j dG c GPEG e jJ .dG Y dGh IdG f j .dSCGh OdG HdG efdG GgCG Vh .HdG efdG da J (9)

G :kSOS

.d kYJh dG hd kJ qdG HU J
,dG edG H OHCG IOqe G Jh
.SQGh dG CG
.SSG IN G dG

qdG HU J :kHGQ

.gG b e IG HG

gCG QhO
SCG EG q dGh qdG H U Y I G IAG dG `
d eCG SCG Y bd qG edGh jQdG
.G
e dH dG id dGh IdG f EG q dG `
e G Yh qdG HU UNG N
.IgdG H UG ASCG hCG G Y GDdG
15 2006 f - 37 OdG - jHdG dG

.SG G OjE SSCG IN dG Y J


,dG G SQj ,G e ja dG H jh
jQdH J SCG H CGj .jHdGh cdG , dG
W Ua Y j e kdZh ,SCGh dG OdG
dG Y J .YCG W hCG WCG W jj
M QGb PJ h fdG L : gh JYb Y
dG q j ,SSCG Yh .(7)f hCG GVG Gg OLh
:gh ,(8)G e Y jdG d jo h .d
bG dG H dG EG G Gg j :jdG hCG YdG
dG Gd dG dGh e jY Me dG e
HdG hP edG AcP EG M ,f jdG MG
LGj fCG qEG ,SG a hCG k S e j q dG
.ke OcCG dG k fJ J e
dG dGh qdG HU H jdG j :OSG
H jdG u j dG H NG g k dJh Gh

HdG dG
d dG GgCG F ,ShQdG QGJ :YGO FGW `
.dGh cdGh GQOEGh dG GQe
.d J H aCG aJ `
.H K jJh dG je aQ `
dH YLGh WdG cG Y Y IYG `
.gCG e

UN
J dh JHh SQGe Ie IgdG g J b
dG f Y vS SfG j dHh ,Oq m J EG
dG H KdG e q H dd . dG Qe Yh
e d Se dSCG OjEG Y dG K eh ,Ffh
H N e q H gh .dG LGj b dG cG ICWh
h ,jdG JGQb QXE Se hXh ,g c dG
SQGh gCG H FGdG UGdG Y
q GE dP

d UNCG CG hCG dG e Hh H jb bY OjEG `


.H bY
Y qdG dG ie a SQH FGdG JG `
.dG
.(QGJh dG T) dH dG jW VJ `
AT c qOj CG j H dG fCGh fGb Vh `
J JG ISCG OGaCG L Yh ,eGSG H fe EG
.jNBH AGbG j dG C fGdG
.fe G gj dG ATCG e dG eM `
G dG fCG GPGh eSG e OYCG GPEG dG ICae `
.e
k UN FbUC H hCG JNE H dG fQ e Y `
.gQM
.FNCG d j c Je H CGj dG J `

:eGdG
:qdG HdG'' ,d ` hH ,qdG HdG H fdG dG -1
15 .U ,1996 ,hH ,''jHdG SfGh gOHCG ,W
.18.U ,HdG LG -2
hH ,HdG dG QGO ,hCG dG ,''HdG dG Y'' ,e ,S -3
.430 .U ,2004 ,d `
Yd dG QGO ,hCG dG ,''q dG HU'' ,MdG Y ,SY -4
42.U ,1998 ,Y
q ` jRdGh dGh
2000/6/13 ,OQCG ` Y ,qdG HU bEG IhdG -5
169 .U ,f LG -6
48 .U ,f LG -7
hH ,HdG dG QGO ,hCG dG ,''HdG dG Y'' ,e ,S -8
.430 .U ,2004 ,d `
253 .U ,HdG LG ,MdG Y ,SY- 9
NGe ,''UG LG hd jHdG LG'' M Wh Y TQh -10
.2005 dG fc ,AEGh d HdG cG ,qe S .O

.FGdG G - SQG

SQG QhO
dd ,HdG g e qgCG QhdG SQd CG
dGh LdG aGgCG J dG (10)FGdG q J Y
: J
. e / e `
,Seb ,dG G ,GdCc : YGO FShh OGe `
,gG jh cdGh f d R eQ , S M dBG
.J dBG ,Jc
2006 f - 37 OdG - jHdG dG 16

You might also like