9.2 Using Computer Graphics For CFD for Using Computational Fluid Dynamics

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C.T. Shaw, Using Computational Fluid Dynamics, Prentice Hall, 1992

CONTENTS

PREFACE.............................................................................71 INTRODUCTION.............................................................11.1 Using Computers To Predict Flows.............................11.2 Situations Where Fluids Flow......................................21.3 Why Read This Book ?................................................51.4 The Objectives Of The Study......................................61.5 Using The Book..........................................................72 FLUIDS IN MOTION......................................................102.1 Some Common Flow Features...................................102.1.1 Fluids All Around Us..........................................112.1.2 The Ways Fluids Flow........................................152.1.3 Some Properties of Fluids...................................162.2 Equations Describing Fluids in Motion......................182.2.1 Developing the Governing Equations..................192.2.2 Concepts of Turbulence......................................252.2.3 Modelling Turbulence.........................................262.3 Obtaining Greater Understanding of Fluid Flow........303 NUMERICAL SOLUTIONS TO PARTIALDIFFERENTIAL EQUATIONS.........................................333.1 Techniques of Numerical Discretisation....................343.1.1 The Finite Difference Method.............................343.1.2 The Finite Element Method................................383.1.3 The Finite Volume Method.................................443.2 Numerical Discretisation of a Simple Equation..........443.2.1 Using Finite Differences.....................................453.2.2 Using Finite Elements.........................................523.2.3 Using Finite Volumes.........................................573.3 Comparison of the Discretisation Techniques............593.4 Producing A Solution From The Discrete Equations..623.4.1 Convergence and Stability..................................633.4.2 Solving The Simultaneous Equations..................643.5 Solving The Coupled Set of Fluid Flow Equations.....70

C.T. Shaw, Using Computational Fluid Dynamics, Prentice Hall, 1992

3.5.1 Non-Linearity and Time Dependence.................703.5.2 Obtaining the Pressure Solution..........................743.5.3 The Convection Operator....................................783.5.4 Boundary Conditions For Fluid Flow Problems..804 COMPUTER-BASED ANALYSIS PROCEDURES ANDTOOLS...............................................................................854.1 The Analysis Process.................................................864.2 Computer Hardware For CFD....................................904.2.1 Computers..........................................................904.2.2 Peripherals..........................................................934.3 Using the Hardware...................................................944.4 Commercial Software Packages Used For CFD.........964.4.1 Pre-Processing Programs....................................964.4.2 Solving The Equations........................................974.4.3 Post-Processing Programs...................................984.4.4 Utilities...............................................................985 DESCRIBING FLOW PROBLEMS IN ENGINEERING.........................................................................................1005.1 Producing a Specification........................................1015.1.1 Knowing What Is Required of the Analysis......1015.1.2 Specifying the Geometry of the Problem...........1035.1.3 Defining the Flow.............................................1045.2 An Example of a Flow Specification.......................1066 BUILDING A MESH.....................................................1126.1 The Need For A Mesh.............................................1126.2 Creating A Mesh For A Given Flow........................1136.3 Mesh Structures.......................................................1156.3.1 The Basic Parts of a Mesh.................................1156.3.2 Types of Structure............................................1176.4 Building Meshes......................................................1216.4.1 Defining the Geometry.....................................1216.4.2 Determining The Mesh Structure......................1256.4.3 Building a Simple Mesh With a Regular Structure..................................................................................126