Professional Documents
Culture Documents
=
so mu a bien
2. Quan he gia cac thong so:
n
2
1
1
2
v
v
p
p
|
|
.
|
\
|
=
hay
n
1
2
1
1
2
p
p
v
v
|
|
.
|
\
|
=
n
1 n
1
2
1
2
p
p
T
T
|
|
.
|
\
|
=
1 n
2
1
1
2
v
v
T
T
|
|
.
|
\
|
=
3. Cong thc hien cua qua trnh:
Cong thay oi the tch:
n 1
v p v p
w
1 1 2 2
tt
=
[J/kg]
( )
1 2 tt
T T .
n 1
R
w
= [J/kg]
(
(
|
|
.
|
\
|
=
1
v
v
n 1
v p
w
1 n
2
1 1 1
tt
[J/kg]
(
(
(
|
|
.
|
\
|
=
1
p
p
n 1
v p
w
n
1 n
1
2 1 1
tt
[J/kg]
tt tt
w . G W = [J]
CBGD: Nguyen Th Minh Trinh
Chng 4: Cac qua trnh nhiet ong c ban cua kh ly tng - 2 -
LU Y: Trong cac cong thc tnh cong tren, n v cua cac thong so
trang thai nh sau: p N/m
2
v m
3
/kg
T K
G kg
Trong trng hp s dung V m
3
th cong thc tnh cong c
viet lai cu the nh sau:
n 1
V p V p
W
1 1 2 2
tt
=
[J]
(
(
|
|
.
|
\
|
=
1
V
V
n 1
V p
W
1 n
2
1 1 1
tt
[J]
(
(
(
|
|
.
|
\
|
=
1
p
p
n 1
V p
W
n
1 n
1
2 1 1
tt
[J]
Cong ky thuat:
tt kt
w . n w =
[J/kg]
kt kt
w . G W =
[J]
4. o bien thien noi nang:
) T T ( c u
1 2 v
= A [kJ/kg]
) T T ( c . G u . G U
1 2 v
= A = A [kJ]
5. o bien thien entanpy:
) T T ( c i
1 2 p
= A [kJ/kg]
) T T ( c . G i . G I
1 2 p
= A = A [kJ]
CBGD: Nguyen Th Minh Trinh
Chng 4: Cac qua trnh nhiet ong c ban cua kh ly tng - 3 -
6. o bien thien entropy:
1
2
1
2
v
v
v
ln . R
T
T
ln c s + = A
[kJ/kgK]
1
2
1
2
p
p
p
ln . R
T
T
ln c s = A
[kJ/kgK]
1
2
v
1
2
p
p
p
ln c
v
v
ln c s + = A
[kJ/kgK]
s . G S A = A [kJ/K]
7. Nhiet lng tham gia vao qua trnh:
) T T ( c q
1 2 n
=
[kJ/kg]
Vi
1 n
k n
c c
v n
=
- nhiet dung rieng cua qua trnh a bien.
) T T (
1 n
k n
c . G q . G Q
1 2 v
= =
[kJ]
p
v
T
s
n = -
n = 0
n = 0
n = 1
n = k
n = k
n = 1
Nen Gian n
n = 1
n = 1
n = 0
n = 0
n = +
Q
>
0
Q
<
0
u
>
0
u
<
0
A
A
n = +
Q < 0
Q > 0
n = -
n = k
n > k
n = k
n < 1
1 < n < k
Au > 0
Au < 0
Qua trnh a bien
CBGD: Nguyen Th Minh Trinh
Chng 4: Cac qua trnh nhiet ong c ban cua kh ly tng - 4 -
QUA TRNH ANG AP
1. Phng trnh cua qua trnh:
p = const
So mu a bien n = 0.
2. Quan he gia cac thong so:
1
2
1
2
v
v
T
T
=
3. Cong thc hien cua qua trnh:
Cong thay oi the tch:
( )
1 2
v
v
v
v
tt
v v p dv p pdv w
2
1
2
1
= = =
} }
[J/kg]
( )
1 2 tt
T T R w = [J/kg]
tt tt
w . G W = [J]
LU Y: ( )
1 2 tt
V V p W = [J] Vi: V m
3
va p N/m
2
Cong ky thuat:
0 vdp w
2
1
p
p
kt
= =
}
4. o bien thien noi nang:
) T T ( c u
1 2 v
= A [kJ/kg]
) T T ( c . G u . G U
1 2 v
= A = A [kJ]
5. o bien thien entanpy:
) T T ( c i
1 2 p
= A [kJ/kg]
) T T ( c . G i . G I
1 2 p
= A = A [kJ]
CBGD: Nguyen Th Minh Trinh
Chng 4: Cac qua trnh nhiet ong c ban cua kh ly tng - 5 -
6. o bien thien entropy:
1
2
p
v
v
ln . c s = A
[kJ/kgK]
1
2
p
T
T
ln . c s = A
[kJ/kgK]
s . G S A = A [kJ/K]
7. Nhiet lng tham gia vao qua trnh:
) T T ( c i q
1 2 p
= A =
[kJ/kg]
( )
1 2 p
T T Gc q . G Q = =
[kJ]
s
1
2
T
s
1
s
2
T
1
T
2
q
12
2
1
v
v
2
v
1
p
l
tt
p
Qua trnh ang ap
CBGD: Nguyen Th Minh Trinh
Chng 4: Cac qua trnh nhiet ong c ban cua kh ly tng - 6 -
QUA TRNH ANG TCH
1. Phng trnh cua qua trnh:
v = const
So mu a bien n = .
2. Quan he gia cac thong so:
1
2
1
2
p
p
T
T
=
3. Cong thc hien cua qua trnh:
Cong thay oi the tch:
0 pdv w
2
1
v
v
tt
= =
}
Cong ky thuat:
( ) ( )
2 1 1 2
p
p
p
p
kt
p p v p p v dp v vdp w
2
1
2
1
= = = =
} }
[J/kg]
kt kt
w . G W = [J]
LU Y: ( )
2 1 kt
p p V W = [J] , Vi: V m
3
va p N/m
2
4. o bien thien noi nang:
) T T ( c u
1 2 v
= A [kJ/kg]
) T T ( c . G u . G U
1 2 v
= A = A [kJ]
5. o bien thien entanpy:
) T T ( c i
1 2 p
= A [kJ/kg]
) T T ( c . G i . G I
1 2 p
= A = A [kJ]
CBGD: Nguyen Th Minh Trinh
Chng 4: Cac qua trnh nhiet ong c ban cua kh ly tng - 7 -
6. o bien thien entropy:
1
2
v
p
p
ln . c s = A [kJ/kgK]
1
2
v
T
T
ln . c s = A [kJ/kgK]
s . G S A = A [kJ/K]
7. Nhiet lng tham gia vao qua trnh:
) T T ( c u q
1 2 v
= A = [kJ/kg]
( )
1 2 v
T T c . G q . G Q = = [kJ]
s
1
2
T
s
1
s
2
T
1
T
2
q
12
2
v
1
p
2
l
kt
p
p
1
v
Qua trnh ang tch
CBGD: Nguyen Th Minh Trinh
Chng 4: Cac qua trnh nhiet ong c ban cua kh ly tng - 8 -
QUA TRNH ANG NHIET
1. Phng trnh cua qua trnh:
=
=
const T
RT pv
So mu a bien n = 1.
2. Quan he gia cac thong so:
2
1
1
2
v
v
p
p
=
3. Cong thc hien cua qua trnh:
Cong thay oi the tch:
2
1
1 1
1
2
1 1 tt
p
p
ln v p
v
v
ln v p w = =
2
1
1
2
p
p
ln RT
v
v
ln RT = = [J/kg]
tt tt
w . G W = [J]
LU Y:
2
1
1 1
1
2
1 1 tt
p
p
ln V p
V
V
ln V p W = = [J] , Vi: V m
3
va p N/m
2
Cong ky thuat:
tt kt
w . n w = ma n = 1
tt kt
w w = [J/kg]
kt kt
w . G W = [J]
4. o bien thien noi nang:
0 ) T T ( c u
1 2 v
= = A
5. o bien thien entanpy:
0 ) T T ( c i
1 2 p
= = A
CBGD: Nguyen Th Minh Trinh
Chng 4: Cac qua trnh nhiet ong c ban cua kh ly tng - 9 -
6. o bien thien entropy:
= =
= A
kt tt
w w q
t
q
s
1
2
v
v
ln . R s = A
2
1
p
p
ln . R = [kJ/kgK]
s . G S A = A [kJ/K]
7. Nhiet lng tham gia vao qua trnh:
= A
+ A =
0 u
w u q
tt
[kJ/kg]
kt tt
w w q = =
q . G Q= [kJ]
V
1
2
p
V
1
V
2
p
2
p
1
l
tt
2
12
1
s
s
2
s
1
T
q
T
Qua trnh ang nhiet
CBGD: Nguyen Th Minh Trinh
Chng 4: Cac qua trnh nhiet ong c ban cua kh ly tng - 10 -
QUA TRNH OAN NHIET
1. Phng trnh cua qua trnh:
const pv
k
=
Vi
v
p
c
c
k = so mu oan nhiet
2. Quan he gia cac thong so
k
2
1
1
2
v
v
p
p
|
|
.
|
\
|
= hay
k
1
2
1
1
2
p
p
v
v
|
|
.
|
\
|
=
k
1 k
1
2
1
2
p
p
T
T
|
|
.
|
\
|
=
1 k
2
1
1
2
v
v
T
T
|
|
.
|
\
|
=
3. Cong thc hien cua qua trnh:
Cong thay oi the tch:
k 1
v p v p
w
1 1 2 2
tt
= [J/kg]
( )
1 2 tt
T T .
k 1
R
w
= [J/kg]
(
(
|
|
.
|
\
|
=
1
v
v
k 1
v p
w
1 k
2
1 1 1
tt
[J/kg]
(
(
(
|
|
.
|
\
|
=
1
p
p
k 1
v p
w
k
1 k
1
2 1 1
tt
[J/kg]
tt tt
w . G W = [J]
CBGD: Nguyen Th Minh Trinh
Chng 4: Cac qua trnh nhiet ong c ban cua kh ly tng - 11 -
LU Y: Trong cac cong thc tnh cong tren, n v cua cac thong so
trang thai nh sau: p N/m
2
v m
3
/kg
T K
G kg
Trong trng hp s dung V m
3
th cong thc tnh cong c
viet lai cu the nh sau:
k 1
V p V p
W
1 1 2 2
tt
=
[J]
(
(
|
|
.
|
\
|
=
1
V
V
k 1
V p
W
1 n
2
1 1 1
tt
[J]
(
(
(
|
|
.
|
\
|
=
1
p
p
k 1
V p
W
n
1 n
1
2 1 1
tt
[J]
Cong ky thuat:
tt kt
w . k w = [J/kg]
kt kt
w . G W = [J]
4. o bien thien noi nang:
=
+ A =
0 q
w u q
tt
tt
w u = A
5. o bien thien entanpy:
=
+ A =
0 q
w i q
kt
kt
w i = A
CBGD: Nguyen Th Minh Trinh
Chng 4: Cac qua trnh nhiet ong c ban cua kh ly tng - 12 -
6. o bien thien entropy:
s = const
As = 0
7. Nhiet lng tham gia vao qua trnh:
0 q =
p
v
T
s
n = -
n = 0
n = 0
n = 1
n = k
n = k
n = 1
Nen Gian n
n = +
2
1
T
2
T
1
s
Qua trnh oan nhiet