FOREWORD ...And we have sent you this book in order to explain everything... 16/AN-NAHL-89 ...

We have not excluded anything in this book... 6/AL-ANAAM-38 ...And verily, We have given examples in this Quran for people on every kind of matter... 30/AR-ROOM-58 And there is no matter that has been brought to You, whose answer is not explained truly and with the best commentary. 25/AL-FURQAN-33 He (Allah) gives wisdom to whom He wishes. And the person, to whom wisdom has been given, is the one, to whom big charity (goodness) has been given. This could only be interpreted by ullelbab (who repeat the name of Allah continuously and thats why they are owners of Allahs secrets). 2/AL-BAQARA-269 ...If you do not know, ask to the people who are owners of ZIKIR (who make zikir continiously, repeat the name of Allah continuously and thats why they are owners of Allahs secrets). 21/AL-ANBIYA-7 For every message (news) (in Quran), there is a certain time (when it is going to take place). And you are going to learn later. 6/AL-ANAAM-67

CONTENTS Page No: Foreword Contents . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .i . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .ii-iv

1. The Formation of Matter from Energy . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1 1.1. Energy and Neutrino . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1 1.2. The Structure of Neutrino . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6 1.3. The Formation of Normal Electron, Counter-Electron, Positron, and Counter-Positron . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10 2. Neutrinos and Their Functions Defined in Their Respective Worlds . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .14 3. Photon And Other Composite Structures . . . . . . . . . . . . . .20 3.1. Wave and Particle Properties of Elementary Particles . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .26 3.2. Velocity of De Broglie Waves . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 28 3.2.1. Formation of Charged Particle Pairs, e.g. Electron And Counter- Electron Pair from High Energy Charged Photons . . . . . . . . . . . . . 33 4. Laws Of Speed . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 38 4.1. Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 38 4.2. Energy . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 38
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4.3. Laws of Speed . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 41 4.3.1. The Law of Speed at Low Speeds and Electrons . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 41 4.3.2. The Law of Speed at Speed of Light and Photons . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 45 4.3.3. The Law of High Speeds and Neutrinos . . . . . 50 4.4. Formation of Protons and Neutrons . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 55 5. The Formation of Matter . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 67 5.1. The Hydrogen Atom . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 67 5.1.1. The Quark And Counter-Quark . . . . . . . . . . . 68 5.1.2. The Visibility Rule . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 73 5.1.3. Photons, The Scattering Of The Light and Light Speed . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 74 5.1.4. The Disappearance Of Visibility Characteristic 75 5.2. The Fusion of Two Hydrogen Atoms . . . . . . . . . . . . . 76 5.3. The Fusion of Three Hydrogen Atoms . . . . . . . . . . . 80 5.4. The Fusion of Four Hydrogen Atoms . . . . . . . . . . . . 85 5.5. The Neutron-Proton Transformation . . . . . . . . . . . . . 87 6. The Beginning of Formation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 92

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7. Mathematical Formulation Of The Speed Laws . . . . . . . . .85 7.1. Time And Space Are Relative . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 85 7.2. Expansion Of The Universe: Parallel To The Flow Of Time Which Started With The Big Bang . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 91 7.3. Laws Of "Hunnes And Kunnes" . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 93 7.4. The End Of The Hnnes And Knnes Balance . . . . . 97 7.5. The Speed Laws . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .100 7.5.1. Speed Of Photon And Law Of .. Equal Weights . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 102 7.5.2. Speed of Electron And The Law Of Half Weights . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .104 7.5.3. Speed Of Neutrino And The Law Of Negative Weights . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 106 7.5.3.1. The Speed Of Thought References . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 109

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .100

iv

Bismillahirrahmanirrahim

Chapter 1 The Formation of Matter from Energy

1.1. Energy and Neutrino
Matter in the universe is formed by energy coming directly from Allah [ref1]. This energy is called "neutrino" in today's Nuclear Physics and Chemistry, but not well known yet. This book introduces a new area into science and provides new definitions from Divine Perspective. Allah created all the worlds of existence by using the neutrinos as the entities of energy. The crucial point is the conversion of this energy into matter. The process of this conversion will be explained later in this book [ref2]. Each neutrino coming to any of the worlds contains four energy spheres. The example used here is of a neutrino that belongs to the visible world. As it can be seen in Figure 1, while the exterior blue sphere, numbered as 1, rotates with a spin rate of +100, the interior red sphere, numbered as 2, rotates with a spin rate of -50, that is half the spin rate of the exterior sphere in the opposite direction. These two spheres form the first group of energy spheres in the neutrino. In the second group, there are socalled yellow and green spheres. The yellow sphere, numbered as 3, rotates at the same spin rate as the interior red sphere but in the same direction as the outermost blue sphere. Therefore, the spin rate of the sphere number 3 is +50. Finally, the innermost green sphere, numbered as 4, rotates at a rate that is half of the spin rate of the yellow sphere but in the opposite direction, hence its spin rate is -25. As a result, each neutrino contains energy spheres
1

from all four different worlds of existence [ref3]. Everything explained here is also valid for the counterneutrino of the counter-visible world, as well as the anti-neutrino of the invisible world and the counter-anti-neutrino of the counter-invisible world. The only difference between these neutrinos is the order of the energy spheres. For example, the outermost sphere of the counter-neutrino in the counter-physical world is the red sphere (2), while the interior sphere is the blue one (1). In the second group of this neutrino, the green sphere (4) comes before the yellow sphere (3). As a result, each neutrino, counter-neutrino, anti-neutrino or counter-anti-neutrino that belong to to any of the worlds has a different composition in terms of the arrangement of the four energy spheres as described above [ref4,5]. It should be noted that the spin direction of a neutrino is determined by the spin direction of its outermost sphere. Pairs of oppositely spinning neutrinos and counterneutrinos always travel together. At the space-time point of their destination they form a pair of normal electrons and a pair of normal counter-electrons. These are the smallest particles of matter in the visible and the counter-visible worlds. Similarly, two pairs of oppositely spinning anti-neutrinos and counter-antineutrinos form pairs of normal positrons and normal counterpositrons, which are the smallest particles of matter for the invisible and the counter-invisible worlds. In summary, neutrinos always exist in pairs together with their opposites. It is impossible to express "a single neutrino" traveling alone. While a left-spinning neutrino forms a pair with a right-spinning neutrino, this pair should always be together with a pair of their counter parts.
2

Thus, a group of neutrinos come to each world with an infinite speed and desert it after giving their energy. There are two main reasons for the infinite speed: 1) As mentioned above, a group of neutrino contains two oppositely spinning neutrinos and counter neutrinos. One neutrino and one counter neutrino with opposite spins travel together on the axis separating the visible and the counter-visible worlds. This characteristic increases the speed of the neutrino group but it does not provide for infinite speed. 2) The second and the main reason of the existence of infinite speed is the following: neutrinos always travel through the counter-world of their own world, where they are going to perform their duty. That means the neutrino, which has its duty in the visible world, travels in the counter-visible world while the neutrino which has its duty in the counter-visible world, travels in the visible world. This peculiarity prevents the visibility of the neutrinos, as well as providing for the infinite speed. The neutrino groups are always electrically neutral but they are not uncharged because everything in the universe contains some electric charge due to the basic laws of creation. Let us explain this characteristic by means of the colors we used in Figure 1. As the blue and green spheres carry negative electricity, the red and yellow spheres carry positive electricity. There is always one unit of negative excess charge on a neutrino which has a duty in the visible world while there is always one unit of positive excess charge on a counter-neutrino of the counterinvisible world. Because neutrinos always travel in groups as described above, a neutrino group is always electrically neutral. On the other hand, the situation of the anti-neutrino and counter3

anti-neutrino, which constitute the elements of the invisible world and the counter-invisible world, is the reverse of the case described above. In this case there is one unit of excess positive charge on the anti-neutrino and one unit of excess negative charge on the counter-anti-neutrino. When the neutrino group is considered as a whole, it is electrically balanced, therefore neutral. All of the neutrino groups move with an infinite speed during their travel toward their space-time destination, at which they will create matter or give energy to matter. After performing their duty, they travel back in the same manner, i.e. with an infinite speed. Since the neutrino and counter-neutrino, which form "the neutrino group", travel through the counter-worlds of their original worlds, they have negative mass, which makes the infinite speed possible for them. Indeed, infinite speed is only possible for negative mass. In the creation of matter, the neutrino group is divided into two parts during their passage through the axis dividing the two different worlds of existence and creates a pair of normal electrons and counter-electrons. During this transformation, the negative mass of the neutrinos in the group is converted into a positive mass - an observable mass - in the form of electrons and counter-electrons formed in their respective worlds of existence. However, in case of a photon, there is "zero mass" or socalled "light wall balance", existing between the electron and the counter-electron that form the photon. The same is also true for the photons of the invisible world that are formed from the positron and the counter-positron. The result is that the photons that make up light can divide into an electron and a counter4

electron during the process of pair production. Similarly, the photon that makes up the light in the invisible world can divide into a positron and a counter-positron. In conclusion, a photon consists of an electron and a counter- electron in the case of the visible world or a positron and a counter-positron in the case of the invisible world. The electron and the counter-electron (or the positron and the counter-positron for the invisible world), that form the photon are balanced at zero mass so that the photon travels at the speed of light along the axis that divides the two different worlds of existence. In this structure, both of the constituent particles travel in their own world of existence. The neutrinos are created in the EMIR (command) world. They pass through the light wall twice before they carry out their duty in their destination world. First, they pass from the commandment world to the counter of their own world. They then travel in the counter-world. Next, they pass through the light-wall again and arrive in the world where they are going to carry out their duties. The situation is the same for all of the four types of neutrinos. As described, four concentric energy spheres, which are formed by the energies of the visible, counter-visible, invisible and counter invisible worlds, generate matter. For this reason the matter of our world, for example, the visible world, contains not only the energy of the physical world, but the energy spheres from all four different worlds of existence. Four different colors are used to show the energy spheres: the blue color indicates the physical world, the red color indicates the counter-physical world while the yellow color indicates the invisible world and the green color indicates the counter-invisible
5

world. According to the configuration of the energy spheres, the names of the neutrinos can be classified as: neutrino if the outermost sphere is blue, counter-neutrino if it is red, antineutrino if it is yellow and counter-anti-neutrino if it is green The description of neutrino completely obeys to the basic principle that everything is created in pairs and each world has its counter within itself, so that they co-exist in balance [ref4]. According to this principle, in order to form neutrinos, the energy spheres of all four different worlds of existence should come together. These two characteristics are the reasons for the arrival of a pair of neutrinos and a pair counter-neutrinos together with a pair of anti-neutrinos and counter-anti-neutrinos to each world. In this definition each pair includes two neutrinos of the same kind with opposite spin directions. It should be kept in mind that a neutrino and anti-neutrino can only perform an activity when they are coupled with a counter-neutrino and counter-antineutrino respectively.

1.2. The Structure of Neutrino

Let us explain the basic structure of the neutrino from the perspective of a neutrino of the visible world. Sphere number 1, the blue energy sphere, and sphere number 2, the red one, form a pair. The left-spinning red energy sphere is concentric inside the right-spinning blue energy sphere. That means the spinning direction of these two spheres are opposite to each other. The inner sphere in this pair turns at the half of the speed of the outer sphere. For example, if the spin rate of the outer sphere is +100 cycles per second, the spin rate of the inner sphere is -50 cycles per second, i.e. in the opposite direction. These two spheres form
6

the "primary group" of the neutrino structure. Since the outermost sphere in this structure belongs to the visible world, the neutrino is called a neutrino of the visible world. In this sense, it is the outermost sphere of the primary group that determines the world of the neutrino, in which it will perform its duty. The primary group is the dominant part of the neutrino structure, which determines its basic features. The yellow (No.3) and the green (No.4) energy spheres form a second pair in the structure. We call this pair the "secondary group" because none of the spheres in this group actually belong to the world to which the neutrino belongs, which is the visible world in this case. In addition, the second group of energy spheres is called a dependent element of the neutrino. All of these energy spheres spin in certain directions, and both groups, the primary and the secondary groups, generate electricity. There is always one stator and one rotor in every electrical generator in our world. However, the energy spheres that Allah(C.C.) created, generate 50% more electricity than the generators used in the world, since both of the spheres in each group are in motion in the opposite directions. Therefore, when we add the spin rates of the inner and outer spheres in the group we get 100 + 50 = 150 cycles/second. As a result, if a generator, rotating 100 cycles/sec., generates (X) amount of energy in our world, the primary group of the neutrino, whose external sphere rotates 100 cycles/sec. and internal sphere rotates 50 cycles/sec., generates (X + X/2) amount of energy. In the secondary group, the first (the outer) sphere rotates at 50 cycles/sec. and the second (the innermost) sphere rotates 25 cycles/sec. So the electricity produced only by the secondary group is equal to the energy produced by a generator in the world that has a rotational rate of
7

75 cycles/sec. The spacing between the two spheres in the primary group is sufficient enough for electricity production. Between these spheres there exists suitable conditions for this. The spacing between the second and the third spheres, on the other hand, is much larger. Moreover, the necessary factors for electricity production do not exist between them. Therefore, too much spacing and the absence of the convenient factors to generate electricity make the second sphere (red colored) and the third sphere (yellow colored) relatively irrelevant with respect to each other. In other words, "the sphere No.1 and No.2 form the dominant group, and the sphere No.3 and No.4 form the dependent group". This "dependency" comes from the fact that the secondary group in the neutrino does not contain any energy sphere from the world of the neutrino itself but the primary group does. However, since each of them (the dominant and the dependent groups) generates electricity on their own (independently from the other group), the secondary group is said to be irrelevant to the primary group, in terms of electricity production. Figure 2 shows a neutrino and a counter-neutrino pair coming into the visible and the counter-visible worlds. The spins in the visible and the counter-visible worlds, which appear to be the reverse of each other, act as a kind of speed accelerator that lead to motion in the same direction. For this reason, the neutrinos and the counter-neutrinos move with an increasing speed in the rotational direction of their primary spheres, the outermost sphere. The Figure 2 of a neutrino and a counterneutrino above can be explained by the analogy of the two wheels of a car. As far as the external wheels of the car turn in the
8

same direction and at the same speed, the car goes forward in the turning direction of the wheels. Since the wheels have the same radius, the turning axis of the car is going to be 90. The momentum is linear. Although the internal wheels of the car rotate in the reverse directions they do not prevent the increase of the linear speed for the car. We should explain the reasons for the linear momentum in a more specific way: a) In the neutrino group, as the pair of primary energy spheres rotates with a certain speed in order to move in the same linear direction, the secondary energy spheres also rotate in the same direction as well but they rotate with half the speed. b) As the neutrino and the counter-neutrino in the pair relate to two different worlds, they move forward in the same direction by spinning together. c) As it is seen in Figure 2, the pair formed by a neutrino and a counter-neutrino comes and goes along the axis that separates the two worlds, which are the visible and countervisible worlds for this specific illustration. The neutrino that moves in the visible world side of the axis is actually the type that belongs to the counter-visible world, that is counter-neutrino. Likewise, the neutrino that moves in the counter-visible world is the one that belongs to the visible world, which is neutrino.

1.3. The Formation of Normal Electron, Counter-Electron, Positron and Counter-Positron

The matter in the universe consists of atoms [ref6]. Atoms, on the other hand, consist of protons, neutrons and electrons. The smallest unit of the matter in the visible world is an electron. The basic particles in the nucleus of an atom, protons and neutrons, are formed by electrons and counter-electrons. Similarly, the basic particles in the nucleus of an atom in the invisible world, anti-protons and anti-neutrons, are formed by positron and counter-positrons. In summary, the electrons and the counter-electrons are the smallest building blocks of matter in the visible and the counter-visible worlds while the positrons and the counter-positrons are the smallest units of matter in the invisible and the counter-invisible worlds. According to the laws of creation, these smallest building blocks of matter are formed by neutrinos. As explained previously, neutrinos have to travel in their counter-world while they travel to and from their destination point. Using this method they are able to travel with infinite speed. During the formation of an electron and counter-electron pair from a neutrino and counter-neutrino pair, the secondary groups of spheres of the neutrinos separate from their primary groups. This is the beginning of the creation of the smallest unit of matter, the electrons and the counter-electrons. While two pairs of oppositely spinning neutrinos and counter-neutrinos, which are created with the ability to join together, pass to their own world at their destination point where they are going to create matter, the primary and the secondary groups of spheres in each neutrino separate from each other and are exchanged within the neutrino pairs. In this process, the secondary group of spheres
10

changes their primary group. The right-spinning secondary group of spheres comes under the left-spinning primary group of spheres and the left-spinning secondary group of spheres comes under the right-spinning primary group of spheres. During this exchange of the secondary group of spheres, the linear momentum preserved by the neutrinos and the counter- neutrinos will be converted into an angular momentum. The neutrino and the counter-neutrino groups, which separate as described, form the normal electrons and counter-electrons of the visible and the counter-visible worlds. A similar process takes place during the formation of the normal positrons and the counter-positrons, which are the smallest units of matter in the invisible and the counter-invisible worlds. With this process new particles are formed by the neutrinos in four different worlds. These units of matter are called "normal electrons" when they are formed in the visible world, "normal counter-electrons" when formed in the counter-visible world, "normal positrons" when formed in the invisible world and "normal counter-positrons" when formed in the counter-invisible world. During the formation of the units of the matter, the linear momentum carried by the neutrinos has been converted into angular momentum, which will be carried by the electrons of the corresponding worlds. With this process, the 90 vertical axis is converted into 45 oblique axis. In other words, as the secondary group of energy spheres of the neutrino and the counter-neutrino pair are interchanged, the primary and the secondary group of energy spheres in the newly formed particles now rotate in the opposite direction whereas they were rotating in the same direction in the neutrinos. The secondary group of energy spheres
11

still spins with half the spin rate of the primary group but in the opposite direction when they form the electron. The same is also true for the counter-electron as well as the positron and the counter-positron. Only the order of the energy spheres change according to their world of existence. We can explain this more clearly by using an analogy. If the electron is considered similar to a pair of wheels of a car, we can see the following peculiarities: a) The radius and the spin rate of the right wheel is half of that of the left wheel. b) The smaller wheel on the right side, which consists of the green and the yellow energy spheres, turns in the opposite direction of the larger wheel at the left. As a result of these properties, this car cannot move forward. The smaller wheel remains stable at the same point and behaves like a center and the larger wheel turns around it. The small wheel is stable because the two energy spheres, which have the same radius, rotate with the same speed but in the opposite directions. Since the speed of their rotations are equal or approximately equal, but opposite, they cancel each other. Therefore the group of wheels remains stable at the same point, constituting the center of the larger wheel. As a result, the linear momentum is converted into the angular momentum. In Figure 2, the 90 axis decreases to 45 because the center of the right wheel descends a quarter of its radius down from its old axis. As the linear momentum transforms into angular momentum, and the neutrinos, which have the infinite speed, are passing through the light wall, they are divided into two pairs in order to form the electron and counter-electron or the positron and counter-positron. This process is the transformation of
12

energy into matter. The real mass of an electron is calculated by subtraction of the immeasurable value in the inner structure, which is negative, from the measurable value in the outer structure, which is positive. In fact, our measurement devices can only measure the overall difference. Therefore, the real mass that belongs to the visible world is actually twice the mass that can be measured in the visible world. This is called the law of half weights.

13

Chapter 2 Neutrinos and Their Functions Defined in Their Respective Worlds

Neutrinos travel with infinite speed while they travel to their space-time destination in each world to carry out their duties. Four groups of neutrinos arrive at each world at once. The two groups of neutrinos coming to the visible world are accompanied by two groups of counter-neutrinos coming to the counter-visible world. They move together with an infinite speed along the axis separating the visible and the counter-visible worlds from each other. Figure 3A shows one pair of neutrinos and one pair of counter-neutrinos coming to the visible and the counter-visible worlds in a certain phase. [ref7] As is shown in Figure 3A, when the first group of neutrinos and counter-neutrinos that come to the visible and the countervisible worlds forms a pair consisting of a normal electron and counter-electron, the second group forms a pair consisting of a "fast" electron and counter-electron. Figure 4A shows that in the first stage of energy transfer, the primary spheres of the fast electrons (fast counter-electrons) come onto and ride the primary spheres of the normal electrons (normal counter electrons) accelerating the spin rates of the primary spheres of the normal electrons (normal counter-electrons). In the second stage of the energy transfer, on the other hand, the secondary spheres of the neutrinos and the counter-neutrinos come onto and ride the secondary spheres of the normal electrons and the counter electrons, again increasing the spin rates of their secondary spheres. The energy spheres of the neutrinos increase the spinning rate of the energy spheres of the normal electrons as
14

they spin in the same direction. But while doing this they lose their own spinning rate and finally abandon the normal electrons and counter-electrons. The group of fast electrons and counterelectrons go back into the form of the neutrinos and counterneutrinos after increasing the spinning rate of the corresponding electrons. They change their form as they exceed the light wall barrier. After that, the secondary spheres of these re-formed neutrinos and counter-neutrinos accelerate the spin rates of the secondary spheres of the normal electron and counter-electrons. The neutrinos and the counter-neutrinos give their energy to the normal electrons and counter electrons and leave them. They then return with infinite speed. A similar process takes place for the normal positrons and counter-positrons as well. As a summary, in the first stage of the energy transfer process in the visible world, the primary spheres of the fast electrons accelerate the spin rate of the primary spheres of the normal electrons. Then the fast electrons go back into the form of neutrinos. In the second stage of the transfer, the re-formed neutrinos use their secondary spheres in order to increase the spin rates of the secondary spheres of the normal electrons. After giving away enough of their energy they just leave and return back to the presence of Allah. The process is similar for all other worlds with their corresponding units of matter and energy. In order to be able to return with infinite speed by using their remaining power, the spin of the fast electrons: a) Should be in the same direction with that of primary spheres of the normal electron and counter-electron or positron and counter-positron in the first period. b) Should be in the same direction as that of the secondary
15

spheres of the normal electron and counter-electron or positron and counter-positron in the second period. c) In addition to spinning in the same direction as the electron, they should possess more energy than the normal electron. Which group of neutrinos is going to transform into an electrons and which group is not will be fully explained below. Table1 shows different combinations of the energy spheres by their numbers, energy values, type of energy and whether they form a normal electron, counter-electron, fast electron or fast counter-electron in a particular combination. As can be seen in this table, the primary groups of energy spheres always consist of the 1st and the 2nd energy spheres. Therefore, all these configurations exist only in the visible and the counter-visible worlds. In Table1, the energy values are calculated according to the assumption that the first external sphere in the primary group of the neutrino will always have a spin rate of 100 while the internal sphere of this group always has a spin rate of 50. The corresponding sign for the energy value of each sphere is determined according to the relative spinning direction. Therefore, if the sphere#1 carries a negative energy value, sphere #2 will have to carry a positive value because it always spins in the opposite direction of sphere#1. Their spin rates, on the other hand, should only depend on their configurated place in the structure of the neutrino, as described above. In the second group of energy spheres, sphere #3 carries a positive energy value. For electrons, in general, sphere#3 will always spin in the opposite direction of sphere #1. Sphere #4, on the other hand, always spins in the opposite direction of sphere #3. Therefore, it should carry
16

a negative energy value. The spin rates, however, change according to their place in the structure. The external sphere of the secondary group will always have a spin rate of 50 with the internal sphere having a rate of 25. The overall energy values are calculated for different configurations of the four energy spheres according to the above description. The particles that have a total energy value of -25(+25) are categorized as normal electrons (normal counter-electrons) while the particles with total energy value of -75(+75) are said to be fast electrons (fast counterelectrons). Table2 shows similar configurations of energy spheres for the invisible and the counter-invisible worlds. This time, as you can see, the primary groups are always formed by sphere #3 and #4. As it is also shown in Figure 3A, Allah creates four types of neutrino pairs. From the first two of these pairs, Allah creates the normal electrons and counter-electrons. From the second two of these pairs, He creates the fast electrons and counter-electrons, which later enhance the spin rates of the normal electrons and the counter-electrons, formed from the first two pairs. Let's explain this process once more to clarify. At the first stage of the energy transfer, the primary spheres of the fast electron come onto the primary spheres of the normal electron due to the fact that their primary spheres are spinning in the same direction. The same process also takes place for the counter-electrons. After accelerating the spin rates of the primary spheres, the fast electrons leave the normal electrons. Then the pair of fast electrons exchange their secondary spheres while passing through the light wall and transform back into a pair of neutrinos. In the second stage of the energy transfer, the secondary energy spheres of these neutrinos come onto and ride the secondary
17

spheres of the electrons, accelerating their spin rates. After providing enough energy, the neutrinos leave the electrons and travel back to the presence of Allah, with infinite speed. As described before, the neutrinos travel in their counter world. The energy transfer process for the positrons and the counterpositrons also takes place in a similar fashion.

Numbers Order Energy Values of Spheres of Dominant of Spheres Spheres 1 2 5 6 9 10 13 14 1234 1234 2143 2143 1243 1243 2134 2134 (-100+50) (+50-25) = (-100+50) (+50-25) = (+100-50) (-50+25) = (+100-50) (-50+25) = (-100+50) (-50+25) = (-100+50) (-50+25) = (+100-50) (+50-25) = (+100-50) (+50-25) =

Energy Values -25 -25 25 25 -75 -75 75 75

Type of Energy (-) (-) (+) (+) (-) (-) (+) (+)

Result E E CE CE FE FE FCE FCE

E: Electron, CE: Counter-Electron, FE: Fast Electron, FCE: Counter Fast Electron Table 1. Calculation of the total energy values for the normal and fast electrons and counter-electrons that are formed with different configurations of energy spheres. This table is prepared by the use of the Figures 3A and 4A.

18

Numbers Order of Dominant of Energy Values of Spheres Spheres Spheres 1 2 5 6 9 10 13 14 3412 3412 4321 4321 3421 3421 4321 4321 (+100-50) (-50+25) = (+100-50) (-50+25) = (-100+50) (+50-25) = (-100+50) (+50-25) = (+100-50) (+50-25) = (+100-50) (+50-25) = (-100+50) (-50+25) = (-100+50) (-50+25) =

Energy Values 25 25 -25 -25 75 75 -75 -75

Type of Energy (+) (+) (-) (-) (+) (+) (-) (-)

Result P P CP CP FP FP FCP FCP

P: Positron, CP: Counter-Positron, FP: Fast Positron, FCP: Counter Fast Positron Table 2. Calculation of the total energy values for the normal and fast positrons and counter-positrons that are formed with different configurations of energy spheres. This table is prepared by the use of the Figures 3B and 4B.

19

Chapter 3 Photon and Other Composite Structures

The photon is a composite structure, in which negative and positive masses that belong to two different worlds balance each other across the light wall barrier. Therefore, a photon is a massless particle and it moves with the speed of light, approximately 300.000 km/sec. Both particles in the structure of the photon move within their own worlds around the light wall barrier. In this sense, a photon resembles an airplane with one of the wings in the visible world while the other one is in the counter visible world and flies over an imaginary barrier that separates these two worlds at every point of space and time. On this barrier, it moves with the speed of light. The photon can only be observed in the world where it is created. Even if it has components from both the visible and the counter-visible worlds, it cannot be observed in the counter-visible world because the counter-mass (the part that represents the counter world) is dependent on the original mass, which is the mass that represents the original world of the photon. The counter mass is negative but the original mass is positive. Their absolute values are exactly equal. The counter-mass cannot be observed in the visible world unless it is independent (free) in the visible world. If it is independent, it can only be observed for a very short time, a fraction of a second, then it disappears. A gamma photon consists of one electron and one counter-electron. The counter-electron has been introduced before. Basically, it is just an electron that belongs to the counter-visible world. It carries a negative mass and a positive electrical charge. The
20

magnitude of its electric charge is equal to that of an electron as well as the magnitude of its mass when they form a photon together. As a result of this, a photon is a massless particle. Therefore, in a gamma photon, the mass of the electron (+x) and the mass of the counter electron (-x) cancel each other out, leaving the overall mass of the gamma photon as zero. (+x ) + (- x ) = 0 [3.1]

The dominant component in the structure of the photon is the one that belongs to the world in which the photon is formed. As a result of this, the photon can only be observed in that world. In general, a particle can only be observed in its own world, the one where it was formed. Apart from this, a photon has a special characteristic. While the photon can only be observed in the world where it was created, each component of the photon travels in its own world. A photon travels on a linear path with the speed of light. As the counter-mass of the photon is dependent on the dominant mass, every point of this path should be on the lightwall, which, in this case, behaves as the axis that separates the two worlds of the components of the photon. As a result, the counter-mass of the photon is always on the other side of the light wall at every point of its path. The photon has elements from the visible and the counter-visible worlds and these two worlds share the same coordinates in the structure of the universe. This means a continuous wall should exist in the internal structure of the photon. In general, in the structure of the universe, every point is actually shared by the visible and the counter-visible worlds. Our Earth has a similar condition, too.
21

Both the visible and the counter-visible worlds are within each other. Moreover, the invisible and the counter-invisible worlds also share the same coordinates with them. However, every point of this common coordinate system can only be visible, perceivable and observable in the world where we live. Human beings live in the visible world and according to us it is the physical world. The Jinn, on the other hand, live in the invisible world. For us, it is the other world [ref5]. Any point described with its vertical and horizontal coordinates corresponds to the same point in both of these worlds. In other words, a point given its east, west, south and north coordinates and its height in the visible world is the same point in the other worlds. However, a jinn and a human being standing at the same point can not see each other and can not perceive anything from the other world. The scientists who deal with natural sciences in our world do not want to accept the fact that the visible world and the other worlds in different dimensions share the same spatial points everywhere in the universe. As a result of their approach, they prevent scientific improvement. As it is known, an atom consists of a nucleus at the center and orbital electrons. The former is named as "hnnes" and the latter as "knnes" [ref6]. The most important components of the nucleus are the protons and the neutrons. The electrons move in their orbits at the periphery. The antiproton, antineutron and antielectron have been verified in hundreds of laboratories all over the world. The existence of these anti-particles is clearly accepted. All of the scientists in nuclear chemistry and nuclear physics accept the existence of these particles without doubt. However, these same scientists,
22

who absolutely believe in the existence of these particles, do not want accept the existence of an invisible world or another world which consists of atoms formed by these anti-particles. But the other world (for instance, the invisible world) does exist and it consists of antiprotons, antineutrons and antielectrons [ref5]. Unless science accepts the existence of the other world beyond this world, it will limit its own development. Blind denial of scientists about existing things, by simply saying, "they do not exist", can only prevent the access to the area of science beyond ordinary matter. At this point, anti-matter is a proven fact. If a partially cut leaf is photographed under a high frequency using the Kirlian Method, it appears as a complete leaf in the picture. Although a normal photograph does not show the part of the leaf that has been cut, the photograph taken by the Kirlian Method does, as if it has not been cut at all, as long as the missing part does not exceed one third of the complete leaf. In other words, the leaf, as matter, appears incomplete in normal pictures. The part that was cut, is missing. As anti-matter, on the other hand, the leaf appears complete in the photographs taken by the Kirlian Method. Thousands of such photographs clearly prove the fact that anti-matter exists. Therefore, anti-matter does exist but the problem is not simply solved just by accepting the existence of anti-matter. Every photon is created in a light source. Only in the world the light source belongs to can the photon be observed. If there is a light, that means there should be energy transformed into a
23

photon. The existence of energy particles, which are called neutrinos, is absolutely necessary for the formation of a photon. Moreover, at least one pair of neutrinos should exist as a group so that in each group the primary energy spheres of the neutrino joins with the primary energy spheres of the counter-neutrino while the secondary energy spheres of the neutrino joins with that of the counter-neutrino in the group. As a result, two neutrinos form two photons. This fusion during the formation of a photon can only occur through paired energy spheres. As described earlier, a photon has two poles that each travel in its own world. A single energy sphere, whether it belongs to the primary or secondary group of energy spheres in the structure of a neutrino, cannot form the pole of a photon by itself. In order to form one of the poles of a photon at least two concentric energy spheres are required. This requirement is the result of the need for electricity generation and this can only take place through a pair of energy spheres. In other words, being either the primary or the secondary group of energy spheres and being able to generate electricity independently is the essential requirement for constructing one of the poles of a photon. As mentioned earlier, the pair of the larger energy spheres, which spin at high rate, is called as "the primary group" while the pair of smaller energy spheres, which spin at low rate, is called "the secondary group". Therefore, only a primary group, which belongs to the original world, and a primary group, which belongs to the other world, can form a photon together. The primary group of the original world forms the pole of the photon, which moves in the original world. The primary group, that
24

belongs to the other world, forms the counter-part of the photon. The group of two energy spheres in the original world forms the positive mass of the photon while the counter-group forms the negative mass. Since these positive and negative masses are equal to each other, the total mass of the photon will be zero. Similarly, a photon can also be formed by the fusion of the secondary groups of energy spheres. In this case, a secondary group of the original world can only join with the secondary group of the other world. The primary group of the original world cannot join with the secondary group of the other world or vice versa. Therefore, both of the poles in the structure of a photon must be either primary or secondary groups of energy spheres. The energy particles, neutrinos, dispersing around the light source, may also form a photon, after they form electrons. In this case, the electron of the original world forms the part of the photon which belongs to this world and the counter-electron forms the part which belongs to the other world. The positive mass of the electron and the negative mass of the counterelectron are exactly equal to each other and therefore cancel each other out, leaving the overall mass of the photon to be zero. This photon, which is formed through the fusion of an electron and a counter- electron, is called a gamma photon.

25

3.1. Wave and Particle Properties of Elementary Particles

Extensive research and investigations of physicists has showed that our world has a composite structure formed by waves and particles. Max Planck, who investigated the motion of the electrons within atoms, eventually found that the electrons turn around the nucleus in elliptical orbits. He discovered that elements have a structure that consists of particles and waves. He understood that the waves in an atom are in the form of discrete packets. Max Planck concluded his studies with a formula he developed: E = h. In this formula, E represents the energy of the wave packet, represents the frequency and h represents the Planck constant. The frequency of radiation can be calculated by measuring its wave length, . Wavelength is an observable characteristic of all waves. Einstein tried to develop his own Theory of Relativity by following the Quanta Theory developed by Planck. As he was trying to determine the state of light in his equations, he thought that the light should be defined in terms of its mass and weight. However, the light was a wave and waves could not have a mass and weight. Einstein, who outlined the Theory of Light by using the Quanta Theory, eventually proposed that the light coming out of a lamp was nothing but numerous flashes of lightning (quantized particles). What we call waves of light was indeed small quantized particles, photons as they were later called. Einstein proved the validity of his theory by the photoelectric effect. Discussions continued until the Compton experiment,
26

which involved a collision of a photon with an electron. In this experiment, scientists observed that light can be scattered off an electron just like a ball causing, at the same time, the electron to move out with some additional kinetic energy. It was discovered that the scattered photon had lost some part of its energy. Although radiation has dual characteristics as explained above, they never show these two characteristics together at the same time. In an ordinary experiment, they behave either like a wave or a particle. While studies on the particle properties of light continued at one side, Louis de Broglie was researching whether a particle could have wave properties or not. He thought that since light waves had particle properties, why would an electron, as a particle, not have some wave properties as well. The French physicist continued his research with this assumption and finally found the formula, which calculates the length of a wave accompanying to a specific particle. Therefore he was proving that particles could have "wave properties" at the same time. According to this hypothesis, Louis de Broglie proposed that the wave/particle duality is not only the characteristic of light but also the characteristic of all basic entities in the physical world. As a conclusion, Louis de Broglie showed the existence of accompanying wave structures associated with electrons, protons, neutrons, atoms and also molecules.

27

3.2. Velocity of De Broglie Waves

The velocity of the De Broglie wave of a particle does not necessarily have to be equal to the velocity of the particle itself. The relationship between these two velocities can be calculated easily. If is the wavelength of the De Broglie wave and is its frequency, the velocity of the wave, w, can be calculated with the following formula w = [3.2]

We also know that the total energy E of this particle can be calculated from its frequency of the De Broglie wave by using the following equation: = h [3.3]

Inserting = /h from the second equation into the first equation we obtain:
w= E h

[3.4]

The relationship between the linear momentum of the particle, p, and its wavelength is: .p =
h

[3.5]

It gives us 1/p=/h. By inserting this expression into the velocity formula, we obtain: w= E p
28

[3.6]

The relation between the total energy and the total mass m including the rest mass is given with Einsteins famous equation:
E = mc 2

[3.7]

The linear momentum of a particle with velocity v and mass m is given in equation [3.8] as:

p = mv

[3.8]

When we put this back into Equation [3.6] combined with the expression for energy given in Equation [3.7] we obtain: e mc 2 c 2 = = v P mv

w=

[3.9]

Since the velocity of the particle is always smaller than the velocity of light, (c/v) will always be larger than 1. This leads to the conclusion that the velocity of the De Broglie wave accompanying to this particle should always be greater than the speed of light. The basic postulate of the theory of relativity, which claims that no particle can move with a speed greater than the speed of light is based on the assumption that only a single world and a single type of matter, which always have a positive mass, exists. The single type of matter just mentioned actually belongs to the visible world and moves in that world. For this
29

reason, the assumption leads to result that the speed of light is the ultimate speed for particles in general. The velocity of the De Broglie waves is different from the velocity of light in the following important way: the velocity of De Broglie waves is a function of the wavelength even in empty space. In order to show this peculiarity, we can use equation [3.7] and equation [3.8] in order to express the relation between the momentum and energy as:
E [3.10] p = 2 v c The relativistic equation, which calculates the momentum of the particle in terms of its rest mass, is given by:

p=

m0 v v2 1 2 c

[3.11]

Combining the last two equations to eliminate v, we obtain:

m0 =
2

E2 p2 c4 c2

[3.12]

This expression for the rest mass can be modified by expressing p= h/ as in equation [3.5], and = h. as in equation [3.3]. The final expression will be:
30

m0 =

h 2 1 c c 2 2

[3.13]

For the De Broglie waves, we know the relation w = , where w is the velocity of the wave. Placing this relation into equation [3.13] we obtain:

m0 =

h c

w2 1 2 2 2 c

[3.14]

and converting the equation for the wave velocity w, we obtain our final expression as:

w = c 1+

2 m 0 c 2 h2
2

[3.15]

This equation indicates that w, the velocity of the wave of a particle, should always be greater than the speed of light as long as the rest mass of the particle is greater than zero. Therefore we can conclude that w > c as long as m0 > 0 Let us consider a special case: A De Broglie wave propagating with a velocity, w, equal to the speed of light, c. This is an
31

electromagnetic wave, which always travels at the speed of light in an empty space. The speed of the particle generating these waves is also equal to the speed of light. This particle is called photon. Putting w = c in Equation [3.15], we find the rest mass of the photon to be zero. The discovery of the wave structure of matter, which forms our universe, and the discovery of the particle structure of the electromagnetic waves revealed an important reality. Since the neutrons and the protons in the nucleus of an atom, in addition to the orbital electrons, as well as the antiprotons and the antineutrons, that form the nucleus of an anti-atom, and the orbital positrons as all other nucleons have both the wave and particle structures, then what we call matter and antimatter are actually nothing but energy. Matter is the image of energy which is formed by fast spinning waves and particles within and around each other in the micro universe. It is a very important scientific achievement to determine scientifically that the matter is only a packet of energy, formed by waves and particles. The determination of the interactions between these forms and the conditions of equilibirium among them as well as their control is going to be as great a success as the former one. The interactions between the waves and the particles is explained briefly in chapter 4.2.

32

3.2.1. Formation of Charged Particle Pairs, e.g. Electron and Counter Electron Pair from High Energy Photons
A photon is a composite particle, in which negative and positive masses, belonging to two different worlds, balance each other on an axis called the light-wall. The photon carries the light-wall in its own structure and moves along with it. The light-wall separates the physical world from the counter-physical world at each point. The photon that moves along the light wall has two main parts in its structure, which can be thought of as wings. One of the wings moves within the physical world while the other one moves in the its counter-physical world. The approximate speed of the photon on the light-wall is 300.000 km/sec. The photon is only visible in its physical world, the one where it was formed. It is not visible in the counter-physical world because the counter mass, which is negative in the perception of the physical world, is actually dependent on real mass, which is positive. The negative and positive masses carried by the two wings of the photon are equal to each other. In the case of a gamma photon, an electron forms the first wing while a counter-electron forms the second wing of the photon. As mentioned before, the counterelectron is an electron that belongs to the counter-world and carries a positive electrical charge. Its mass is equal to the mass of an electron but negative. For this reason the stable mass of the gamma photon is zero. The fusion of an electron of the physical world with a counterelectron of the counter-physical world forms a gamma photon, which is visible in the physical world. Formation of the gamma photon is impossible without the contribution of its second wing.
33

In other words, the second wing, which is a counter-electron, is as necessary as the first wing, which is an electron, for the formation of a gamma photon. Although the second wing, the wing in the counter-physical world, that moves in its own world, carries a positive mass according to the perception of the counter physical world, indeed carries a negative mass according to the perception of the physical world of the photon. In the case of photo-electric effect, a photon is absorbed as a whole during the interaction. But in the case of Compton Effect, a photon gives off some part of its energy during the interaction and moves on its way with a lower energy. The photon continues to travel with the speed of light, maintaining its balance on the light-wall. In other words, the spin ratio of the electron to the counter-electron in the structure of the photon is preserved. An important process for energy loss of gamma photons during their interaction with matter is the process of pair production. The threshold energy for this kind of process is 2mec2, which is equal to 1.02 MeV. Therefore, a gamma photon, with 1.02 MeV or more energy, can lead to the process of pair production, creating an electron and a counter-electron, as it passes through the area of a heavy nucleus. Indeed, in experiments using a Cloud Chamber, it was observed that pair of oppositely charged particles emerges from the same point. In the Cloud Chamber experiment, photons with energies greater than or equal to 2mec2 are allowed to pass through a heavy element such as a lead plate. The measurements showed that both of the particles that emerge from the same point during the interaction of the photon with the nucleus had the same mass. This mass was exactly equal to the mass of an electron
34

If a gamma photon with energy E = h is converted into a pair of particles each having a rest mass me, the principle of conservation of energy leads to the fallowing results: h = 2mec2 + E1 + E2 + Enucleus [3.16]

Here h is the initial energy of the photon and 2mec2 is the energy equivalent to the rest mass of the electron and the positron together. E1 + E2 + Enucleus is the sum of the kinetic energies of the electron, the positron and the nucleus which is recoiled. Since the mass of the nucleus is too big with respect to the mass of the electron and the positron, it can take very small recoil energy. As a result, the recoil energy of the nucleus can be omitted in this equation. Then the expression takes a simpler form: h = 2mec2 + E+ + E[3.17]

Since the energy equivalent to mec2 is 0.511 MeV, only the gamma photons, which have energies more than 1.02 MeV can form such a pair of charged particles. As it was mentioned previously, this kind of pair production process, for instance, the formation of an electron and a counter-electron pair, is one of the ways for a photon to lose energy as it passes through matter. If the energy of the gamma photon is less than 1.02 MeV, the absorption coefficient for this event and the probability of the pair production process drops to zero. Figure 5 shows a typical pair production process.

35

What science cannot explain today by the framework of known scientific laws is how an electron and a counter-electron, both of which have a certain mass, can be formed by the absorption of a single massless particle, a gamma photon. However, if the gamma photon is explained within the framework of The Divine Laws of God, it will be obvious that there is nothing inexplicable within the process of pair production as long as we carefully consider the physical and the counter-physical laws in their correct place. Therefore, the process of pair production is a well-explained phenomenon within the framework of the physical and the counterphysical laws. In fact, the electron and the counter-electron formed by the gamma photon colliding with a lead plate already exist together in the structure of the photon. In this structure, they form a certain balance that allows their coexistence. As a result of this explanation, the pair production process is simply a polarization process within the structure of the photon, which leads to the breakdown of the photon into its "already existing" components. The balance between the components is disturbed by the collision of the photon to a heavy nucleus. As a result of this disturbance, the matter and countermatter parts of the structure separate from each other. There might also be an energy exchange between these two parts during the separation. According to the conservation of the linear momentum, the electron and the counter electron coming out of the interaction point will make a certain angle with the direction of the incoming photon. The angles will depend on the total linear momentums of the electron and the counter-electron. As the electron interacts with the physical world, the counter electron also goes into collisions with the surrounding atoms and slows down. Then it finds one of
36

the surrounding electrons and forms a positronium atom. The positronium has a similar structure to the hydrogen atom but instead of the proton in the hydrogen atom the positronium has the counterelectron. The positronium has a relatively short lifetime and it will decay within 10-10 seconds, creating two photons, each having 0.511MeV energy. In this event, which is called pair annihilation, the conservation of the energy and momentum can be explained in the following manner: 2mec2 = hn1+hn2 [3.18]

hn1 = hn2 = mec2 = 0.511 MeV

h 1 h 2 = c c

[3.19]

[3.20]

In order to conserve the total linear momentum, the two photons should propagate in opposite directions, with an angle of 180 between them.

37

Chapter 4 Laws Of Speed

4.1. Introduction
The only law of speed known in the world is the one that is proposed by Einstein. It is related to the kinetic energy of particle. When energy is applied to a mass to increase its speed, the maximum speed will certainly remain below the speed of light. It is not possible to reach to the speed of light by applying external pushing energy to a particle. This law is based on the assumption that only the part that we call "matter" and only "one world" do exist. According to this assumption, there is only a single kind of mass. It belongs to this world that we live in and it keeps moving only in it. The result of this assumption is that only speeds lower than the speed of light are recognized. However, when we take a look at matter, it becomes clear that almost everything that science claims to know about the formation and the structure of matter is wrong.

4.2. Energy
Not much of this is suitable to reality but the fact that matter is derived from energy. Well, if they do not even know what the structural content of energy is then how could they conclude that it also forms matter itself.
38

Regarding the laws of speed, everything is based on the structure of the matter. As it will be explained further in this chapter, there are three valid laws of speed in the distinctions of matters and worlds. In order to understand the difference between matter that belongs to different worlds, it is necessary to know how the matter is formed, and its inner structure. Furthermore since matter is derived from energy, it is also important to know the structure of energy. Let's summarize the topic "energy"; The energy that forms matter is divine energy called the neutrino. It comes from the actual source, ALLAH, and forms all creatures. This energy is named as "EMR, (command)"[ref2] in the Holy Quran. Each neutrino consists of 4 energy spheres, which belong to 4 different worlds. These 4 energy spheres form 2 pairs of energy spheres. Each pair, as they rotate in opposite directions within each other, produces energy continuously. The primary and secondary pairs of energy spheres of the two pairs of neutrinos get separated from each other and every primary sphere enjoins with the secondary sphere of the other neutrino. This fusion can only take place between neutrinos that belong to counter-worlds with respect to each other and spins in opposite directions. Consequently, from every group of neutrinos of four, 2 electrons and 2 counter-electrons are derived. Therefore, neutrinos create electrons by combining with neutrinos that spin the opposite direction. Hence, while the first
39

spheres in the primary and secondary groups in the structure of neutrinos turn in the same direction, the same spheres in electrons turn in the opposite directions. This causes the linear momentum to be converted into angular momentum. 1. Visible World, 2. Counter-Visible World, 3. Invisible World, 4. Counter-Invisible World. As listed above, there are four kinds of worlds that exist [ref3]. The energy spheres that belong to these four worlds exist in the structure of both neutrinos and electrons. But the outermost sphere of the primary pair, which spins at the highest rate, is always the energy sphere of the world to which it belongs. We have already discussed the formation of matter from energy in chapter one, and the formation of photons in chapter three. After getting to know these structural facts, we can now go into the details of the Laws of Speed.

40

4.3. The Laws of Speed

There are 3 laws of speed: 1. The law of speed at low speeds, related to speeds less than the speed of light, 2. The law of speed at the speed of light. 3. The law of speed at high speeds, related to speeds higher than the speed of light. The distinguishing factors among these laws of speed are the differences between the worlds and the interior structure of matter.

4.3.1. The Law of Speed at Low Speeds and Electrons

If a mass is in motion in its own world, it is compelled by this law, which we can call "The Lower Speed Law". This mass has a positive weight in its own world. It is a composite structure made out of electrons and counter-electrons. Electrons rotate in orbits around every atom. However, not only the electrons but also the counter-electrons contribute to the formation of the protons and neutrons that exist in the nucleus of atoms. Thus, a proton consists of electrons and counter-electrons. The number of the counter-electrons is one larger than the number of the electrons. Therefore, a proton has a positive electric charge because of 1 excess counter electron. The mass of a proton is 1837 times that of an electron. In a neutron, on the other hand, there are equal
41

numbers of electrons and counter-electrons. Therefore, the positive and negative electric charges cancel each other creating electrically neutral composition. Neutron is not a charge less particle. Since both, positive and negative charges are at the same amount; they just cancel each other and are neutralized. The weight of a neutron is 1838 times that of an electron. The positive mass of an electron in the neutron is twice the mass of a counter-electron. The reason lies in the composition of the primary and secondary groups of energy spheres while they form an electron. In any of the worlds, the outer energy sphere of the primary group has a weight four times larger than its counter, the inner sphere of the group. Therefore, the outer sphere of the primary group will have a mass of +4x while the inner sphere has -2x. Similarly, the first sphere of secondary group has a weight of -2x while the second sphere has +1x. So the total weight of an electron can be calculated as: (+4x) + (-2x) + (-2x) + (+1x) = (+1x) [4.1]

That means, the measurable weight of an electron in this world is one forth of the weight of the first sphere (if there was not be any other sphere). The reason is because the energy spheres of the counter-worlds carry different positive and negative values. The net weight of the primary group of an electron is: (+4x) + (-2x) = (+2x) Net weight of the secondary group is: (-2x) + (+1x) = (-1x)
42

[4.2]

[4.3]

As it can be seen from the expressions above, the net negative weight of the secondary group is always equal to the half of the net positive weight of the primary group. It is a common characteristic of all electrons belonging to any of the worlds that the net positive weight of the primary group energy spheres is twice the net negative weight of the secondary group energy spheres, or, in other words, the net negative weight of the secondary group is equal to the half of the net positive weight of the primary group. This condition is valid for all electrons and counter-electrons or positrons and counterpositrons. The dominant factor of the primary group always belongs to the world in which the electron is observed. However, the dominant factor of the secondary group belongs to the world, which is oppositely charged among the other worlds. As a result, this group, which belongs to the other world, has negative weight equal to half the weight of the group of original world. This is named as "The Law of Half Weights", and is valid in every world. In each world, the energy sphere, which belongs to that world, is always the dominant factor. Only this kind of system can continuously be visible. In other words, for the visibility of an electron in a world, the electron should essentially belong to that world. The reason is that the dominant energy sphere of the primary group is always the energy sphere that belongs to the world in which the electron is observable. This means both the energy spheres in the secondary group belong to the other worlds. Thus, the dominant factor of the primary group always belongs to the same world with the electron while the dominant factor of
43

the secondary group belongs to one of the other worlds. An electron can be formed only in one world. It is permanent and continuously visible only in that world. However, only one of the energy spheres of an electron belongs to the world the electron is observable. The other three spheres belong to the other worlds. An electron can only appear in a world that is out of its own in a dependent form. If an electron dependently appears in another world and becomes observable, it can be observed for only a small fraction of a second because the dominant energy sphere of its primary group does not belong to the world where it was seen. When it becomes invisible, this does not mean that the electron of the counter-world is lost. It just continues to exist there but, since it is an electron of another world, our detectors can not continue to perceive or observe it longer than a very short period of time under normal conditions. That electron does not stop existing just because we cannot perceive it. In fact, it continues to exist but we cannot observe it. Therefore, if an electron of any other worlds is formed as a dependant part of a particle in the physical world, the dependent part of a photon, for example, which is actually a counterelectron that belongs to the counter-world, cannot be observed continuously in the physical world. For instance, we can think of a counter-electron which takes part in the process of formation of a gamma photon as a dependent element of the counter-world. In this process, an electron from the physical world and another electron from the counter-physical world joined each other in order to form a gamma photon. This gamma photon is formed in the physical world and it belongs to that world. In the physical
44

world, it moves with the speed of 300.000 km/sec and can be observed. However, only one part of this observable photon belongs to the physical world. That is an electron. The other part of it, the counter-electron, belongs to the counter-physical world. Although this second part is one of the two main components of the gamma photon, the counter-electron exists as a dependent factor of the original electron. This counter-electron is as necessary as the original electron in the formation process of a gamma photon. But since the gamma photon is formed in the physical world, it (the counter-electron) is a counter-factor. Since it is a counter and dependent factor of the main composition, this counter-electron appears when a gamma photon is broken and it can be observed for a very short period of time, later it disappears, becoming unobservable.

4.3.2. The Law of Speed at Speed of Light and Photons

This law can be called "the law of the speed of light". The requirement for the validity of this law is that the elements of a composite particle, which belongs to the counter-worlds with respect to each other, have equal weights. If one of the elements is dominant in terms of weight, meaning its weight is twice that of the other element's, and if the other element is a dependent factor in the structure, a photon cannot form. Therefore, the existence of an electron and a counterelectron, as one of them being dominant while the other being a
45

dependent factor with a half weight, is not enough for the formation of a photon. In fact, this kind of combination can only be a very little part of the material structure of the visible world because, according to the Law of Half Weights, an electron will always form with a weight that is twice of that of a counterelectron. The structure that can be formed in this state, however, is not the structure of a photon. It is necessary in the formation of a photon that a particle and its counter should have equal positive and negative weights while entering into the formation process. Existence of such a combination, however, is only possible if each particle stays in its original world. Every particle takes part in the formation process in any of the worlds as a dominant or a dependent factor. That means being a part of matter. For the second particle to have a negative weight, which is equal to the positive weight of the first particle, the second particle should also remain in its original world just like the first particle does. The second particle, in that case, will have a positive weight according to its own world, but its weight will be negative according to the world of the first particle. Formation of such a system requires the existence of the lightwall, an axis that separates the two worlds from each other, separating the first and the second elements. As the light-wall exists between the two worlds to separate them, each of these elements can exist in their own world and therefore can have equal weights.
46

Thus, every photon moves on the light-wall. Indeed, the lightwall exists in the structure of the photon itself. The first element of the photon moves in the original world and the second element moves in the counter-original world. Thus, if the first element has a weight of +x, the second element will have the weight of -x. If the photon belongs to the visible world, the first element will be an electron having a weight of +x and the second element will be a counter-electron having a weight of -x. During the formation of a photon, the dominant element is not allowed to have twice the weight of the dependent element. However, the first element is still called "dominant" because of the fact that it belongs to the world where the photon is formed and can be observed. A photon can only be observed in the world of its first element. This is the world in which the main component of light exists during the formation of the light. Photons form the light. A photon cannot be observed in the world of its second element. For this reason, the first element, which belongs to the world where photon is observable, is called "dominant", whereas the counter-element is called "dependent" factor. As a result, a photon, which includes two worlds within its structure, can be thought of like an airplane flying on an imaginary wall, called the light-wall, with each of its two wings staying in its own world as the airplane flies. There exists a wall separating these two worlds from each other at every point of space-time. In fact, the wall does not separate the worlds physically but it represents dimensional difference between the two worlds.
47

According to us, the planet called Earth is the physical world of human beings. However, jinn who are created differently live on this planet, too, and share the same space-time points with us. They too live on Earth but in another world, called "the invisible world" according to Quran. The invisible world is in nowhere else but on Earth [ref5]. Because of the differences in creation, even if jinn and human beings live at the same space-time coordinates; they do not perceive each other by their physical senses. Thus, every point of the visible world is also a point of the invisible world and vice versa. It means that every point has the same space-time coordinates in both of the worlds and exists in both of them. For this reason, wherever a photon exists in the physical world, it also exists at the same space-time point in the counter-physical world. That means, wherever the photon is, the two worlds also exist there at the same time. The light-wall is a separator that keeps two counter-elements of the photon in the standards of their own world at each point the photon exists. This kind of design is valid only for photons. In a gamma photon, the first element which is an electron, is in its own world, and has a weight of, let's say, x. The second element, a counter-electron, also stays in its own world, which is the counter-visible world; therefore it has a weight of -x. If it was a neutron instead of a photon, the electrons in the neutron would be in their own physical world, which is the visible world, and each electron would have a weight of +x. However, each counter-electron, corresponding to each electron, would have a weight of -x/2. The counter-electrons would have a
48

weight of -x/2 instead of -x because they are not in their original world but in its counter-world as dependent elements of a composite particle. So, because the counter-electrons exist in another world, the visible world, as dependent elements, they have a negative weight and carry only the half of their original weights. A photon, on the other hand, has a special structure that keeps each of its elements in balance within their own worlds, by means of a separator, called the light-wall. The elements are in balance in terms of their weights. They spin in the same direction with respect to the world in which the photon was formed. Since the two elements of the photon spin at the same rate in the same direction, both of the parts will have equal pushing forces within their own respective worlds, which means the photon will move in a linear direction. If the elements are combined in order to form a single formation, which means if both parts belong to the same formation, then the separator between them is the light wall and it acts within the inner structure of the photon. Thus, since the photon has the light wall in its inner structure, both of its elements will always stay in their original worlds. Wherever the photon moves, the separator moves with it because the separator is a part of the photon's structure. The main characteristic of the light wall, the separator in the structure of all photons, is that it keeps the elements of the photons within their own worlds. All photons move with a speed of approximately 300.000 km/second. A photon maintains this speed, as far as it exists. This speed is called as the speed of light. The dominant element of a
49

photon belongs to the world in which the photon was formed. Therefore the photon can be observed only in that world. It cannot be observed in the counter-world. The dominant and counter-elements have spins in the same direction, which provides the balance between the original and the counteroriginal worlds of the photon. In other words, both wheels of the car in the two worlds are turning in the same direction with the same speed.

4.3.3. The Law of High Speeds and Neutrinos

This law can also be called as "The Upper Speed Law". It covers the speeds exceeding the speed of light, which means more than 300.000 km/second. The upper limit of this scope is the speed of thought. Thought is a system, which is always in motion in its own dimension. The main characteristic of this system is that it has a different dimension compared to our own physical world. In this dimension, thought can exist at every point coordinate of spacetime. This means that we can think about yesterday, today or tomorrow. We can think about the place where we stand, or anywhere in our planet, the universe, or beyond the universe, namely "the non-existence". And the main characteristic of thought is that it arrives at the place you think about at the moment you think it. In other words, wherever you think about, your thought is there. The reason is because it does not belong to any of the worlds. Thought does not
50

have an equivalent dimension neither with the physical world, the counter-physical world, nor the invisible world and the counter-invisible world. It is in a dimension different from all of the worlds above. Because of this difference, thought has the ability to move with an infinite speed in any of the Worlds. Achievement of the infinite speed requires that a particle or a unit or matter should be moving in a world other than its original world where it was formed for the first time. For example, a unit that belongs to another world can move in our world (the visible world) with infinite speed. Similarly, a unit of our own world can move with infinite speed in another world [ref8]. We said that the upper limit of infinite speed is the speed of thought. Let's give an example about the speed of thought: First, think yourself just outside, then in another city, then in another continent, and later think yourself on the Moon, then on the Sun, and eventually think you are in another solar system. Although the distances in these examples vary from several meters to an infinite distance, you can imagine yourself in each place at the same time interval. That means, your thought reaches everywhere at the same time interval, no matter how far the distance is. This speed is called as the Speed of Thought. Every night the human soul, another body of a human being, leaves the physical body and goes wherever it wishes in the universe. The speed of this travel can reach up to the infinite speed that we just described. Until now, we have analyzed the inner structure of atoms and we have seen the existence of electrons from all different worlds. We
51

also know that a neutron, which has a weight of 1838 electrons, consists of 3676 electrons and 3676 counter-electrons. That means a neutron is equivalent to a hydrogen atom. It includes electrons that belong to this world and equal number of counterelectrons within its structure together. Briefly, matter holds the same amount of matter and counter-matter together in its structure. We have stated that the weight of a counter-electron is equal to the half of the weight of an original electron of the visible world. We have explained this based on the fact that counter- electrons do not belong to the visible world. Therefore, they can only exist in this world as dependent factors, which makes them obey the Half Weight Law. The frequencies of the counter-electrons vary from 0 to negative infinity. This means, they have only negative frequencies. Original electrons, on the other hand, have positive frequencies. The frequency of a fundamental particle can be stated as its spin rate per second. There is a certain relationship between the frequency and the weight of the particle. They are directly proportional. So, when the frequency increases, the weight increases as well. If the positive frequency of the particles in matter is increased, providing the negative frequency of the counter particles remains constant, the weight of the matter will increase. The net measurable weight of matter in this world is the exact difference between the contributions from the negative and the positive frequencies. If the negative frequency is increased, keeping the positive frequency constant, the net measurable weight of the matter will
52

decrease. If the negative frequency, thus the negative weight, keeps increasing, eventually photons will form at the point where the negative and the positive contributions become exactly equal and balanced. Moreover, as the negative contribution increases further, the net weight of the matter will be negative according to this world. Frequencies with negative values create negative frequencies, thus negative mass, and frequencies with positive values create positive frequencies, which contribute to positive mass. There is a wave associated with each particle in matter. This means that in whichever world the matter exists there will also be a counter-wave with respect to that world produced by each counter particle in the matter. In fact, in any of the worlds there are waves which are formed by the measurable positive frequencies of the original electrons, and there are counterwaves, which are produced by the immeasurable negative frequencies of the counter-electrons of that world. What we can measure is only the difference between them. Therefore, the weight created by the net frequency that remains after the subtraction of the secondary (dependent) negative frequency from the primary (dominant) positive frequency is the measurable weight of the matter. The positive primary frequency represents the matter, and the negative secondary frequency represents the counter-matter. Reaching the upper speeds is only possible by making the weight of the counter- particles larger than the weight of the original particles inside matter. As a result of this, matter becomes counter-matter and the positive weight transforms into negative
53

weight. This means that, instead of the electrons as formerly was the case, the counter-electrons become the dominant factors within the matter. Consequently, the electrons become dependent factors instead of the counter-electrons. As a result of this transformation, matter, which formerly belonged to this world, is transformed into counter-matter, which does not belong to this world any more. The weight of this counter-matter is negative. Therefore, by this procedure taking place in any of the worlds, matter which does not belong to that world, in other words, a piece of counter matter, can be obtained. Traveling with the upper speeds is only possible for such a piece of counter matter that does not belong to the world in which it travels. Such a piece of counter matter obtained in this world overcomes the gravity, moreover, it reaches the upper speeds, the speeds larger than the speed of light. The best example for the range of upper speeds is the neutrinos. They come and return with the infinite speed they have. These are energy particles that feed all electrons. They form matter and maintain their existence.

54

4.4. Formation of Protons and Neutrons

As one of the components in the structure of an electron, the secondary group of energy spheres carries half the weight of the primary group of energy spheres because the secondary group belongs to the counter-world. We have explained this before. Since the secondary group belongs to the counter- world, it has a negative weight in this world and the net negative value of its weight is equal to half of the net positive weight of the primary group. The secondary group is a dependent factor besides the primary group, which is the dominant factor in the structure. An electron belongs to this world. The outermost sphere of the primary group belongs to this world as well. This sphere is the dominant sphere in the structure of the electron. For this reason, the net weight of the primary group comes out to be positive. The secondary group, on the other hand, is entirely formed by the spheres of the other worlds. As a result, the net weight of the secondary group is negative. Briefly, an electron of this world includes spheres of the counter-worlds in its inner structure. Since those energy spheres are not the objects of this world, they can exist in this world only as dependent factors of the dominant sphere. Based on the facts explained above, just like the secondary spheres of the counter-worlds that reside within the inner structure of an electron having negative half weight, the counterelectrons within a neutron or a proton have a negative half weight of the main electrons. Within a proton, there are 3676 counter electrons and 3675
55

electrons. For every electron there is a counter electron with one excess counter electron. When the central electron reaches to this proton, only then one by one correspondence between electrons and counter-electrons is established. As a result of this integration with the central electron, the proton is transformed into a neutron. Since the negative and the positive charges in a neutron are equal and balanced a neutron looks like a neutral particle. However, a proton is positively charged because it contains one excess counter electron in its structure. The charge of the excess counter electron, 3676th one against 3675 electron, makes up the charge of the proton. When the central electron joins to this proton, the number of electrons and counter electrons exactly become equal and they neutralize each other. This new structure is called neutron. As a result, what we call "matter", is actually formed by atoms, and atoms are formed by protons, neutrons and electrons. Moreover, the protos and the neutrons themselves are also formed by electrons and counter-electrons. As we can see, matter is indeed energy. It is a combination of energy spheres in a different structure, through the separation of neutrinos. The weight of each electron in a proton or neutron is equal to twice of the weight of each counter-electron. Therefore, the total weight of a neutron is equal to 1838 times the weight of an electron:

56

Total contribution from electrons: +3676 units Total contribution from counter electrons: -1838 units Total weight of a neutron: +1838 units

The weight of a proton, on the other hand, is equal to 1837 times the weight of an electron, as it is shown below: Total contribution from electrons: +3675 units Total contribution from counter electrons: -1838 units Total weight of a proton: +1837 units

If external kinetic energy is supplied to a positive mass in order to increase its speed, the total mass begins to increase and the increase can continue up to a certain speed but not until it reaches to the speed of light. As the object gets closer to the speed of light, the kinetic energy supplied to it does not increase the velocity anymore but it increase the total mass of the counter matter inside the object. When the object reaches to the speed of light, the total mass of the counter mater becomes exactly equal to the total mass of the matter within the object. This means the total mass of the object becomes zero. This is the point where the object is photonized. The mass of a photon is zero. It was already proved in Section 3.1 that the total weight becomes zero as a result of the equality of the total mass and the counter-mass inside the object at the speed of light.
57

The mass of an electron can easily be calculated by using the charge to mass ratio (symbolized by e/m) of electron obtained from cathode rays and known charge of an electron e = 1.602 x 10-19 C:

e = 1.7589 x 108 C/gr m

[4.4]

e = 1.602 x 10 -19 C

[4.5]

1.602 x 10 -19 C me = 1.7589 x 108 C/gr

[4.6]

The comparison of the mass of an electron with the mass of a hydrogen atom is important for our subject. One mole of hydrogen atom includes 6.025x10-23 atoms. Its weight is 1.00794gr. Therefore, the mass of an hydrogen atom can be calculated as:

MH =

1.008 gr = 1.673x10 -24 gr 23 6.025 x 10

[4.7]

58

Thus, the ratio of the mass of a hydrogen atom to that of an electron is:

M H 1.673 10 24 = = 1838 me 9.10 10 28

[4.8]

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Chapter 5 Formation of Matter

5.1. Hydrogen Atom
Until this point we saw that the electrons and the counterelectrons are created from neutrinos, the energy particles. These electrons and the counter-electrons come together to form the protons. This is the begining of the formation of the first atomic structure. The first atom formed was a hydrogen atom. It contains a proton, named as Hnnes in Quran, at the center and an electron, named as Kunnes, that orbits around the proton. The hydrogen was the first element created by Allah [ref6]. All the other elements were actually formed from the hydrogen atoms. A hydrogen atom with a proton, which creates a central attraction force, Hnnes, and an orbital electron, Knnes, is shown in the Figure 6.

5.1.1. Electron And Counter Electron Clusters

Twenty years ago, scientists thought that the proton and the neutron were the basic constituents of all known atomic particles. But the experiments in which high-energy protons were collided with each other and with stationary neutrons showed that they were actually made up of smaller particles. Murray Gell Mann, who is a physicist from CalTech won the Nobel Prize of 1969 for his studies on this subject. There are electron and counter electron clusters in protons and neutrons. According to the Divine Laws of Creation, the number of electron clusters that
60

participate in the formation of protons and neutrons should be even because Allah commands that everything is created in pairs and supported with their opposites [ref4]. This fact reveals that the protons and the neutrons should also be composed of the pairs, namely electron and the counter-electron clusters. Particles in matter obey The Pauli Exclusion Principle. An Austrian physicist, Wolfgang Pauli, introduced this principle for the first time in 1925. Pauli won the Nobel Prize of 1945 for this discovery. According to The Pauli Exclusion Principle, two identical particles with half integer spin cannot be at the same state at the same time. This means that they cannot be in the same energy state together within the limit of the uncertainty principle. Therefore, two such particles, namely fermions, can share the same state only if they have opposite spins. Spin is one of the fundamental properties of particles. It is generally depicted symbolically as the spinning of the particle around itself. Particles with half integer spin have to obey The Pauli Exclusion Principle, such as the electrons, protons and neutrons. If the World had been created without The Pauli Exclusion Principle, electrons and counter electrons would not be able to form clusters, therefore would not be able to form protons and neutrons. Moreover, these protons and the neutrons would not be able to form the atomic structures and the electrons would not be able to contribute. All these particles would collapse into each other to create a very dense structure. The clusters and counter clusters in protons and neutrons are composite structures. Electrons form the clusters while counter electrons form the counter-clusters. Our almighty Lord states in
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the Quran that He created everything, visible or invisible, in pairs and supported them with their opposites [ref4, 5]. As a result, the protons and the neutrons are composed of two electron-clusters with opposite spins and two counter-electronclusters, again with opposite spins. There is a numerical balance among the electron clusters themselves. The same balance exists within the counter electron clusters as well. Each pair of clusters comes with opposite spins with respect to each other. Therefore, two electron clusters with right and left spins form the visible part of the neutron while two counter- electron clusters with right and left spins form the invisible part in the structure. Numerical balance between the particles and the counter particles in any stable structure is a fundamental condition. The proton inside the hydrogen atom is formed by 3675 electrons and 3676 counter-electrons. Together with the orbital electron, the total number of the electrons inside the hydrogen atom becomes 3676; therefore the fundamental condition is fulfilled. The group of 1838 counter-electrons with right spins and the group of 1838 counter-electrons with left spins constitute two counter-clusters. The right spinning counter-cluster is considered to have a whole structure because it includes the counterelectrons all having the same spinning direction and form a complete group. The second counter-cluster, which is spinning in the opposite direction of the first one, is also considered to have a whole structure because all the left-spinning counter-electrons also form a complete group. One of the counter-electrons in any of these clusters cannot leave
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its original group and pass to the other one disturbing the balance because all the counter electrons in the other group spin in the opposite direction with respect to this counter electron, making it impossible for it to stay among them. Let's have a closer look into a proton: 1838 electrons with right or left spin direction constitute a cluster. If one cluster, for instance, has right spin direction, there are still 1837 more electrons within the proton. All of them should spin in left direction. In that case, the orbital electron should certainly spin in left direction, too. Therefore, 1837 left spinning electrons together with one left spinning orbital electron make a left spinning cluster. These two clusters have opposite spins with respect to each other and they are in balance. They form the observable (visible) mass of the proton. The other two groups, that are right and left-spinning counterclusters, constitute the invisible mass of the proton. There are one central proton and one orbital electron in a hydrogen atom. Inside the proton there are two electron and two counter-electron clusters. As a result, a magnificent balance is established. The balance exists both within the visible mass (1838 right-spinning and 1838 left-spinning electrons), and within the invisible mass (1838 right-spinning and 1838 leftspinning counter-electrons). There is a numerical balance between the visible and the invisible masses, yet, enhanced by their counter-parts. There are 1838 left-spinning counter-electrons in the invisible mass while there are1838 right-spinning electrons in the visible
63

mass. There are 1838 right-spinning counter-electrons with respect to 1838 left-spinning electrons. As it is seen, the balance is established in every aspect.

5.1.2. Rule of Visibility

Visibility requires a balanced system. It is definite that both quarks and their opposites, counter-quarks, do exist together in a proton. This is an absolute principle of "creation in pairs together with the opposites" and "being balanced by the counter-parts". But at the same time, it is also necessary to be visible. The Law of Half Weights is the essential requirement of visibility. In order to be visible, the spinning rate of the dominant part should be twice that of the dependent part. This means the total weight of the dominant part is also twice that of the dependent part. The dependent factors, the counter-electrons, contribute to negative weight while the electrons, which are the dominant factors, contribute to positive weight. That means the measurable weight of the visible mass must always be equal to the difference of these contributions, which is half of the total weight of the electrons for a natural system. De Broglie discovered the counter-electrons, but he expressed them as waves in Quantum Theory. De Broglie could not know that waves (the counter-electrons) have negative weights and each has a weight equal to half of that of an electron. In a photon, if the total mass of the electron is x, then the mass of
64

the counter electron will exactly be -x, making the total mass of the photon zero. Visibility of an object is possible until it reaches to the speed of light. At the speed of light, photonization occurs. Light rays spread away from the object, these are photons.

5.1.3. Photons, Scattering Of Light and The Speed of Light

If the negative mass of the counter-electrons inside the matter are forced to increase by giving them energy and become equal to the mass of the electrons in the matter, each electron joins with a counter-electron creating photon which travels at approximately 300.000 km/sec. These appear as light rays leaving from the center of the light source. Since the negative mass of the counterelectron and the positive mass of the electron are equal in magnitude, photon is massless particle.

5.1.4. Losing the Characteristics of Visibility

If the negative mass of the counter-electrons is increased by supplying special energy to them and exceeds the positive contribution coming from electrons, then the object becomes invisible. That means the object can not be observed in our world because it does not obey the visibility rule anymore. The total mass of this object is now negative because the counter-electrons that form the object just became dominant factors over the electrons. At this point, the speed of the object is also beyond the speed of light. As the contribution of the negative mass
65

dominates more and more, the speed of the object which moves in this world, gets bigger and approaches to infinity, that is the speed of thought.

5.2. Fusion Of Two Hydrogen Atoms

The orbit of the electron in a hydrogen atom is elliptical. The orbits are indeed elliptical in all atoms. When two hydrogen atoms come together, as seen in Figure 7, the orbital electron of the first atom remains at the orbit while that of the second atom goes to the center of the system formed by two atoms. At that moment, there are two protons and one electron at the center of this system. This initial state will change immediately and the central electron will join with one of the protons as a result of the energy coming from Allah transforming that proton into a neutron. At this moment there are one proton and one neutron exist in the center of this new system. This is the first phase of two hydrogen fusion. In the first phase, the energy coming to the central electron and one of the protons increases the magnetic force of the proton at the north pole N and that of the central electron at the south pole S. As a result of this energy coming to the system, the power of a specific magnetic pole, N, of one of the protons increases while the power of the S magnetic pole increases for the the central electron. Since the counter-poles attract each other, this proton pulls the central electron to itself. This proton consists of 1837
66

electrons and 1838 counter-electrons before it attracts and joins with the central electron. After that it is transformed into a neutron, which consists of 1838 electron and 1838 counter electron. In the second phase the energy that comes to the proton on the left side increases its magnetic force at the N pole. However it does not cause any increase in the magnetic force of the neutron because of the equivalence of the counter-forces in its structure. But it increases the S magnetic force of the active central electron, which was added later. Actually the S magnetic force of all electrons of the neutron increase but only the excess electron at the valence has the ability to move. Therefore, The increasing N magnetic force of the other proton attracts the central electron to itself separating it from the neutron's structure. The neutron is not able to keep the central electron in its structure because of the balance between its n and S magnetic powers. This balance is maintained until the central electron leaves the neutron on the right side. When the central electron leaves this neutron, it is transformed into a proton. The proton at the left hand side consists of 1838 counterelectrons and 1837 electrons. There is an excess counter-electron and coming the energy affects this counter-electron which is positively charged enhancing the N magnetic force in this proton. This increasing magnetic forcer pulls the electron which can be separated from the neutron on the right hand side because S magnetic force of this electron was increases at the same time with the proton. Therefore, the central electron converts the proton at the left hand side into a neutron while the neutron on the right side becomes a proton again.
67

The energy which comes in the third phase, increases the N magnetic force of the proton on the right hand side and the S magnetic force of the central electron within the neutron on the left hand side so that the central electron is separated from the neutron and united with the proton. Thus the neutron on the left, loses 1 electron again and transforms into a proton while the proton at the right hand side gains 1 electron and transforms into a neutron. As it can be seen, there are no permanent, stable protons and neutrons in the nucleus of an atom. There are protons which transform into neutrons, and neutrons which transform into protons at every moment. The phases mentioned above follow one another and it goes on repeating in this way. The example given above is a deuterium atom. The fusion for formation of successive atoms occurs in a similar way.

5.3. Fusion Of Three Hydrogen Atoms

Two alternative results, formed by the fusion of three hydrogen atoms, are shown in Figure 11 and 12. In the first alternative, the second orbital electron becomes a central electron and only one electron remains in the orbit. There is a nucleus, which consists of three protons and two central electrons. Since two central electrons always cause the formation of two neutrons, two neutrons and one proton are supposed to form in the nucleus after the first phase. However, this is not possible because the first and the third protons become neutrons at the same time in the first phase. But the central electron cannot return in the second phase, in which the second proton is going
68

to become a neutron. The reason is because there is only one proton corresponding to two central electrons. This is the third proton. It can accept only one central electron. Let's suppose that the central electron comes from the second neutron. The second central electron should then be transferred from the first neutron to the second proton, which was a neutron in the previous phase and just became proton by giving its electron to the third proton. Therefore the transformations take place from the second to the third and from the first to the second protons. In the latter phase, the electron moves from the third neutron to the first proton. Thus, the transformation takes place in following order: from the second to the third, from the first to the second, and from the third to the first protons. The energy, named as the neutrino, arriving to electrons, protons, and neutrons at the same moment, invalidates the hypothesis described above because energy acts according to the basic law of the universe. Energy flow has an active phase and a passive phase. That is, there are always two phases in the flow of energy. Energy comes in the first phase. It does work in the second phase, it returns in the third phase. Energy comes again in the fourth phase, it does work in the fifth phase, and this process goes on. Energy arrives and causes the formation of magnetic fields. As it returns, the magnetic fields disappear. The next time it comes, the magnetic fields reform. Whenever a magnetic field is formed, central electrons move from neutrons to protons. When central electrons move from neutrons to protons, neutrons lose electrons and transform into protons. Protons, which receive the central electrons, transform into neutrons, as they gain electrons. During the first phase, as the energy comes, the central electron
69

is attracted by the magnetic force. This central electron combines with the proton during the second phase, as the energy returns, converting the proton into a neutron. When this transformation is completed, the third phase begins. Energy comes again and rearranges the magnetic field force so that the electron is attracted by the other "new" protons. In order to form such a system, the number of neutrons and the number of protons in the system should be equal. Central electrons should go back and forth between only two protons. The spin direction of the central electron must be the same as that of these two protons. A proton can not pull an electron, which spins in the opposite direction. And a neutron can not be formed. If protons P1 and P3 spin in the same direction, then proton P2 should absolutely spin in the opposite direction because three protons with the same spin direction can not form a nucleus. Both of the protons have the same spin direction in a nucleus, which consists of two protons. On the other hand, in a nucleus, which consists of four protons, the third and the fourth protons should definitely spin in the opposite direction of the first and the second protons. Unless this balance is established, a nucleus does not form. The proton and the orbital electron spin in the same direction in a hydrogen atom because the neutrino group that is going to function in an atom has to have the same spin direction. Additionally, all of the electrons that form a proton have the same spin direction, too. As a result, two of three hydrogen atoms spin in the same direction and the third one will spin in the opposite direction. In the first alternative, two of the orbital electrons
70

which have the same spin direction will go to the center. And the remaining electron, which spins in the opposite direction, will remain at the orbit to form the orbital electron of the system. In this case, two of the three protons at the center have the same direction, whereas the third one has the opposite direction. The two central electrons have also the same spin direction. Therefore, only one central electron can go back and forth between the two protons, which spin in the same direction. Since the third proton and the second central electron have opposite spin directions with respect to each other, thus, they do not perform any action for this alternative. In the second alternative a right-spinning electron and a leftspinning electron go to the center. Two right-spinning protons and a left-spinning proton are also present at the center of the system. The left-spinning electron moves in the orbit. In this case, the right-spinning electron can function. It goes back and forth between the two right-spinning protons and transforms them into neutrons successively. The left-spinning electron and the left-spinning proton join in the first phase and form a neutron. There is not going to be any transformation from now on. The nucleus which is the core of an atom represents a dynamic system. It cannot include any static part that is motionless or unbalanced with respect to the rest of the system. In both of the alternatives considered above, a system with two protons that can be transformed into a neutron, and a proton that cannot be transformed, are not in a balance. Therefore, whichever of these alternatives takes place, this is not a stable element.

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5.4. Fusion Of Four Hydrogen Atoms

As it is seen in Figure 13, four hydrogen atoms have only one alternative and form a new balanced element. Two of the orbital electrons, one of them being right-spinning and other left-spinning, become central electrons. A transformation will take place between two right-spinning protons and one right-spinning central electron. As the first proton pulls at he first orbital electron and becomes a neutron, the second proton stays as a proton in the first phase. In the first energy flow, only one of two left-spinning protons can pull one of the orbital electrons with the same spin that has lost its balance because of the new formation at that moment. The proton is transformed into a neutron. The second left-spinning proton stays as a proton during the first energy flow. In the second energy flow, the central electrons which form the neutrons are pulled by the other two protons, converting these protons into neutrons. The neutrons left by these electrons transform back into protons. A right-spinning and a left-spinning electrons move in the orbit of this system. Corresponding to these orbital electrons, there are always two protons at the center. They will maintain the balance of the central magnetic force. Only one proton has the opportunity to transform into a neutron during the formation process. The reason is that if orbital electrons are right-spinning they can only be pulled by rightspinning protons. When energy arrives to an electron and proton,
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the electron is always closer to one of the two right-spinning protons because it is in motion and the balance was disturbed during the fusion. Even if a right-spinning electron is in the middle of the protons during the arrival of the energy, it will be affected by the magnetic field of one of the protons at first since it is in motion. As a result, regular transformations take place at the center of the system and orbital motions continue at the periphery. This element will go on to exist with this stable structure.

5.5. Neutron-Proton Transformation

All of the subatomic particles, known as neutrons, protons and photons can be represented as a combination of two or more electrons and counter-electrons, which are bound together. Three of these particles: electrons, protons and photons are stable in the physical world, that we can perceive with our physical eyes. However, counter-electrons, counter-protons and counter-photons are stable in the counter- physical world but are unstable in our physical world because these particles are not the original elements of the physical world but that of the counterphysical world (named as World of Berzah in Quran). They function only as dependent factors in the physical world. The positrons, anti-positrons and anti-photons are stable in the anti-physical world (invisible world) (named as World of Gayb in Quran) but they are unstable in the physical world. These particles are the original elements of the invisible world where
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jinn, as Allah named them in the Holy Quran, live and share the same coordinates with us. When all these charged particles and their counterparts appear in our world, the physical world, they suddenly decay in less than 10-6 seconds, become invisible during their interaction with normal matter and disappear. But they never terminate, never cease to exist. Allah has concealed the role of elementary counter-particles and anti-particles in the structure of ordinary matter, except proton, neutron and electron. It is known that neutrons and protons are not simple point particles but have an enormous structure: a proton consists of 3675 electrons and 3676 counter-electrons, which are combined with the strong force. All other elementary particles are also formed by a balanced combination of a certain number of "electrons and counter-electrons" or "positrons and counter-positrons" in the physical world, counter-physical world, invisible world and counter-invisible world respectively. As a result of beta emission, which occurs during the transformation of a neutron into a proton or a proton into a neutron in the nucleus, a more stable nucleus is formed, which has the same mass number. If the N / Z ratio of a radioactive nucleus is greater than that of a more stable nucleus which has the same mass number, the neutron transforms into a proton in the nucleus. In other words, a neutron is separated into a proton, an electron and an anti-neutrino. This reaction is shown in equation 5.1.

[5.1]
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1 1 0 1 ~ + Since the mass of1 eneutron (1.008990 amu) is greater than the 0 n 1P + a sum of that of a proton and an electron (1.008146 amu), this type of breakdown is also possible for the neutrons which are free in terms of energy. This is also observed in experiments. The halflife of a free neutron is approximately 12.8 minutes. That's why it can be claimed that a free neutron is radioactive. If the N / Z ratio of a radioactive nucleus is smaller than that of a stable nucleus with the same mass number, then the proton transforms into a neutron in the nucleus. The equation is as follows:

[5.2]

In this case+ 1e 0the 1 p the sum of n + mass of a proton and an electron is 782 keV less than the total mass of a neutron. Therefore this reaction does not take place with free protons and electrons but in an atomic system where the energy deficit can be supplied by Allah or other particles. For this reason, the transformation of a proton into a neutron is only possible for a proton which exists within the nucleus. When we have a closer look at the characteristic nuclear forces between protons and neutrons we can see that breakdown take place constantly, protons and neutrons are continuously transforming from one to another within the nucleus. The continuous exchange of a charged particle in this way results in a mutual effect and an attractive force in terms of energy. The Fermi Theory, related with beta emission and the
1 1

0 1

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forms of beta spectrums, depends completely on the asumption of presence of neutrinos. According to this theory, there is a continuous interaction among nucleons, electrons and neutrinos. Neutrinos continuously transform a neutron into a proton and a proton into a neutron. During this transformation, an electron and a neutrino are either absorbed or emitted according to the reactions given in equation 5.1 and 5.2. The bonding in the H2+ ion is also similar. A single electron forms a bond between two H+ nuclei and this central electron may sometimes be seen as if it belongs to one nucleus and sometimes as if it belongs to the other. As it is explained in Section 5.2, the orbital electron of the first atom stays in the orbit, while the orbital electron of the second atom becomes the central electron of the system. There is one electron in the orbit, while there are one electron and two protons at the center. However, this is a temporary situation which can be seen in the first moment of fusion. It immediately changes. As the first energy comes from Allah, the central electron combines with one of the protons and transforms this proton into a neutron. Thus a deuterium atom, which has one proton and one neutron in the center and one electron rotating in the orbit, will form. Successive fusions take place in the same way. The energy flow has two phases, an active phase and a passive phase. Actually there are three phases we can talk about. Energy arrives in the first phase. It does work by accelerating electrons in the second phase. Finally it returns back in the third phase. However, as a neutrino group returns back, another neutrino group arrives at the electron at the same time. That's why the first and third phases
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always take place at the same time. Therefore, there are two phases in terms of time. In the first phase the neutrino is either moving towards the electron or leaving the electron. The second phase is the phase when the neutrino performs its function. It rotates on the electron in the same direction as the electron's spin and accelerates it. In this phase, electron spins faster. Electricity production increases and so does the forces of electric and magnetic fields. In summary, energy creates magnetic fields in paired states. In every formation of magnetic field, central electrons pass from neutrons to protons. When they pass, neutrons transform into protons by losing an electron. Magnetic fields disappear as they return. (For details see sections 5.3, 5.4 and 5.5.)

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Chapter 6 Beginning Of The Creation

The formation of matter starts from a pair of neutrinos as they separate into their primary and the secondary group of energy spheres. Later the primary group of the first neutrino combines with the secondary group of the second neutrino. In the same way the primary group of the second neutrino combines with the secondary group of the first neutrino. This exchange of the group of energy spheres between the neutrinos results with the reversal of the spinning directions of the secondary energy spheres with respect to that of the primary energy spheres. After this exchange, the resulting pair is the first step for the creation of matter, which is a pair of electrons. An electron consists of four energy spheres, each belonging to a different world of existence. Therefore, it carries its counter-part within itself. There is a reason for everything being created in pairs. Balance can be obtained and preserved only by the existence of the counter-energies. The secondary group of energy spheres represents the counter-part of the primary group of energy spheres. As a result, because an electron carries its counterparts within itself it does not have to be together with a counter-electron while orbiting the nucleus. It can preserve its own balance and fulfill the job of being "kunnes" alone. This is a balance constructed at a primary level. At this level the atomic structure, which represents a higher level of formation, is not established yet. But the first elementary particle, an electron, which will be the fundamental particle for the atomic structure, has been formed.
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Together with the formation of each electron, formation of a counter electron is essential because neutrinos do not travel in groups of four but they always travel in groups of eight (primary + secondary groups). Two neutrinos that belong to this world and carry opposite spins with respect to each other, form the first wing of the group. Two other neutrinos that belong to the counter-world and have opposite spins with respect to each other, form the second wing of this group. If the primary and the secondary groups of energy spheres are considered to be individual groups within themselves, then we have a total of eight groups of energy spheres. Both of the wings of the neutrino group described above move in the counterpart of their original world while the neutrino group travels on the axis which separates the two worlds from each other, namely the light wall. That means the wing that belongs to the counter-visible world moves in the visible world while the wing that belongs to the visible world moves in the countervisible world. For this reason, the neutrino group moves with an infinite speed altogether. Each neutrino has its own consciousness. It is aware of the direction it should travel and it has been programmed accordingly. The neutrino knows to which world it is going to travel and when it is going to pass to the other side through the light wall. It is also programmed accordingly as to whether it is going to become an electron or a counter-electron while forming matter or whether it is going to accelerate electrons or counterelectrons while giving its energy to matter. Each neutrino definitely achieves its goal without any exception.
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At every moment in the universe, the neutrinos either form electrons and counter-electrons or supply continuous energy to the already existing electrons and the counter-electrons. It is certain that the balance in the universe is not a coincidence. The existence of equal numbers of electrons and counterelectrons is a requirement of the balance for the formation of matter. If there is no balance, there is no formation. Let's take a look at the formation of matter under this wonderful balance between these fundamental particles and the overall balance within the atomic systems: before the electrons and the counterelectrons form an atom, they form a pair of neutrons at the first stage. According to the principle that all things, visible or invisible, are created in pairs together with their opposites, each of these neutrons consists of 3676 electrons and 3676 counter-electrons [ref4]. If the first neutron has the right spinning electrons, the second neutron will have the left spinning electrons in its structure. Therefore, in the first neutron there are equal numbers of right-spinning electrons and left-spinning counter-electrons while in the second neutron there are the same number of leftspinning electrons and right-spinning counter-electrons. As a result, a system is formed in which equal numbers of active parts and counterparts balance each other and move together. The provision of the primary level balance to the system has led to the formation of the electrons and the counter-electrons. Each of these fundamental particles carries both the "part" and the "counterpart" within their structure. These are the two opposite factors needed to be together for the balance formation, one of
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them being the dominant factor while the other is dependent. The neutrons, on the other hand, represent the secondary level balance in their structure. In the secondary level balance, the electron is the basic element for the visible world while the counter-electron is the dependent element. Thus, in the visible world, the electron represents the dominant factor as the counterelectron represents the dependent factor. A neutron consists of 3676 electrons and the same number of counter-electrons. They are always formed in pairs and the members of the pair should always have opposite spins with respect to each other. Hence, formation of a single pair of neutrons requires 7352 electrons and the same number of counter electrons to work together. That means 3676 neutrino groups are needed. Each neutrino group forms a pair of oppositely spinning electrons and a pair of counter electrons, again with opposite spins. Therefore, 3676 neutrino groups form 3676 right-spinning electrons, 3676 left-spinning electrons and the same number of right-spinning and left-spinning counter-electrons. As a result, 3676 neutrino groups will form two oppositely spinning neutrons. This pair of neutrons constitutes the basic structure of what we call "matter". As the origin of the structure of matter, the neutron includes electrons as the dominant elements of its structure while also including counter-electrons as the dependent elements. As mentioned before, the electrons are the fundamental particles of the visible world and the counterelectrons are the fundamental particles of the counter-visible world. In a single neutron, the electrons and the counter-electrons are in
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balance in terms of their electric charges as well as their quantities. The electrons carry negative electric charge while the counter-electrons carry positive charge. During the formation of a hydrogen atom from a neutron, one of the 3676 electrons leave the structure of the neutron and start orbiting around the rest of the structure. The seperation provides the electron with such a kinetic energy that the electron can keep rotating in the orbit without falling back into the original structure. With the separation of a single electron from its structure, the neutron is transformed into a proton, which behaves as the nucleus of the hydrogen atom. Therefore, each neutron can form a hydrogen atom, which consists of a proton at the center and an electron in the orbit. Formation of a neutron from neutrinos preserves the universal balance between the parts and the counter-parts. Furthermore, during the formation of a Hydrogen atom from a neutron, this balance is maintained because there are still a proton at the center and an electron in the orbit around the proton. The proton behaves as "Hunnes" (a central attractive force) while the electron behaves as "Kunnes" (the thing in the orbit) in accordance with the Divine Law [ref6]. In case of the hydrogen atom, the balance is established by 3676 negatively charged electrons, 3675 of which are within the proton at the center and 1 of which is the orbital electron, and 3676 positively charged counter electrons. Thus, the static balance in the neutron, which is an electrically neutral particle in its external and internal structures, transformed into a dynamic balance formed by a Hunnes and Kunnes in the Hydrogen atom. The Hunnes and Kunnes are in motion with respect to each other and they
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represent positive and negative electric charges. They neutralize each other so that the Hydrogen atom is neutral in its external structure even if it has dynamic charge distribution within its internal structure. At this point, a system is formed with a new central attractive force called "Hunnes", and an orbital component called "Kunnes". A neutron, which was only spinning around itself at the beginning, is converted into a proton, which also spins itself and an electron, which rotates in the orbit around the proton. In this system, two active forces contribute to the balance between the attractive force of the center and the speed of the orbital electron. The distance between the central proton and the orbital electron at each point of the orbit, the amount of the attractive force between the proton and the electron and the speed of the orbital electron are all optimized with respect to each other for the stability of the system. The greater the central attractive force between the proton and the electron means the larger the distance between the center and the orbit and the smaller the speed of the orbital electron. Therefore, the central attractive force created by the electromagnetic field of the central proton is the first one of the active forces that contribute to the stability of the system. The second active force, on the other hand, comes from the kinetic energy of the orbital electron. The electron rotating in the orbit has a certain rotational velocity, that is proportional to the central attraction force so that the electron neither can escape from the central force nor falls into it. So, by having the exactly correct velocity, it stays stable in its obit.
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The energy particles (the neutrinos) that come from Allah as "Rahmet" (the mercy glories) reach all of the orbital electrons as well as the neutrons, protons and the central electrons at every moment, supplying them with the energy they need. The proton in the nucleus and one of the central electrons together are equivalent to a hydrogen atom. Furthermore, each of the neutrons in the nucleus is also equivalent to a hydrogen atom. This stable system is converted into different structures at every moment but it is never disturbed or broken. As a summary, a proton plus a central electron together or a neutron or a hydrogen atom, all represent different forms of the same thing at different stages. This one thing is actually the system of the Hunnes and Kunnes, as described earlier. The balance of this universal system is always maintained in all stable elements. The electron, neutron, proton, hydrogen atom and all other particles that are not mentioned in this article such as mesons, are all different forms of neutrinos at different stages. In fact, the sole origin of all is the energy particles namely the neutrinos.

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Figure 1. Represantation of a single neutrino with four energy spheres 1-Visible World (blue) 2-Counter-Visible World (red) 3-Invisible World (yellow) 4-Counter-Invisible World (green) Figure 2. A pair of a neutrino and a counter- neutrino coming into the visible and counter-visible worlds. Figure 5. A gamma photon hitting to a lead plate and producing a pair of particles. Figure 6. A Hydrogen atom is shown. Figure 7. Fusion of Two Hydrogen Atoms. Figure 8. The First Phase of Two Hydrogen Fusion Figure 9. The Second Phase of Two Hydrogen Fusion Figure 10. The Third Phase Figure 11. Fusion of Three Hydrogen Atoms, 1st alternative Figure 12. Fusion of Three Hydrogen Atoms, 2nd alternative Figure 13. Fusion of Four Hydrogen Atoms.

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Numbers Order Energy Values of Spheres of Dominant of Spheres Spheres 1 2 5 6 9 10 13 14 1234 1234 2143 2143 1243 1243 2134 2134 (-100+50) (+50-25) = (-100+50) (+50-25) = (+100-50) (-50+25) = (+100-50) (-50+25) = (-100+50) (-50+25) = (-100+50) (-50+25) = (+100-50) (+50-25) = (+100-50) (+50-25) =

Energy Values -25 -25 25 25 -75 -75 75 75

Type of Energy (-) (-) (+) (+) (-) (-) (+) (+)

Result E E CE CE FE FE FCE FCE

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Numbers Order of Dominant of Energy Values of Spheres Spheres Spheres 1 2 5 6 9 10 13 14 3412 3412 4321 4321 3421 3421 4321 4321 (+100-50) (-50+25) = (+100-50) (-50+25) = (-100+50) (+50-25) = (-100+50) (+50-25) = (+100-50) (+50-25) = (+100-50) (+50-25) = (-100+50) (-50+25) = (-100+50) (-50+25) =

Energy Values 25 25 -25 -25 75 75 -75 -75

Type of Energy (+) (+) (-) (-) (+) (+) (-) (-)

Result P P CP CP FP FP FCP FCP

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Chapter 7 Mathematical Formulation Of The Speed Laws

7.1 Time And Space Are Relative

When we observe the dimensions of mankind, we realize that there are five dimensions; unlike three dimensions as we all thought. The 4th dimension is Time and the 5th one is Speed (height, depth, width, time and speed). The 4th and 5th dimensions are inversely related and the shortening or slowing of time depends on the increase of speed up to the speed of light or even beyond. Another factor that slows time is the gravitational force of matter; for instance, time passes more slowly on a planet with large mass than on a smaller one. We measure time in the way we realize it on the earth; for example, when 10 years pass on earth, for those who are traveling on a space ship, because of their speed, time passes slower. As a result, we may conclude that, if we travel faster than the speed of light, we would stay younger due to the slower pace (relative to the earth) of time. One of the greatest discoveries of the 20th century is the relativity of time and space. Albert Einstein established the idea of the relativity of time and space, with his Theory of Relativity. Until his discovery, people had believed in presence of absolute (constant and stable) time and space. As it is known, time is a perception, which we acquire through
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comprehension of series of incidents by our senses. We can sense and measure the flow of time by comparing changes in the environment and in the movements of objects. When the sun rises and sets, we can conclude that a day has passed. When we walk from our house to the corner of the street, we can find out how much time had passed by looking at our watch. Everything happening in the environment reveals hints to us regarding the flow of the time through a cause and effect framework. People live many incidents in their dreams, thinking that they are real. Even after they wake up, sometimes they may still feel the effect of the dream. Although one would feel that the dream lasted for hours, it actually only takes a few seconds. Once again; time is a perception that we cannot evaluate unless there are certain references for the speed of the flow of time. In other words, time can be perceived differently by different objects depending on the environment that they are in, and the speed they have. This issue was acknowledged in Qur'an 1400 years ago: 23/Al Mumenoon (The Believers)-112: He will say: "What number of years did ye stay on earth?" 23/ Al Mumenoon (The Believers)-113: They will say: "We stayed a day or part of a day: but ask those who keep account."

In many other verses of the Qur'an, it is asserted that the time is relative and many examples are provided on the matter. In one instance Allah'u Teala mentions that he kept the people of Kehf asleep for a long time and then woke them up. When the people
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of Kehf were asked how long they had slept, they thought it was for a short time. 18/ Al Kahf (The Cave)-11: Then we drew a veil over their ears for a number of years in the cave (So they can hear their heart beats when they zikir ALLAH). 18/ Al Kahf (The Cave)-12: Then we roused them in order to test which of the two parties was best at calculating the term of years them they had tarried! 18/Al Kahf (The Cave)-19: Such (being their state), we raised them up (from their sleep), that they might question each other, said one of them: "How long have you stayed here?" They said:"We have stayed (perhaps) a day or part of a day", (at length). They all said: Allah (alone) knows best how long you stayed here. Now, send then one of you with this silver money of yours to the town. Let him find out which is the best food (to be had) and bring some to you, (that you might satisfy you hunger therewith) and let him not inform anyone about you. As you have noticed in these verses, time is just a sense and mankind can only perceive the time that Allah'u Teala permits them to. Therefore, it is very wrong to claim that time is absolute. Humans are bound to the time that Allah'u Teala allows them to perceive. He provides us much evidence so we can understand the relativity of time, and the life on earth is nothing but a test. In Isra surah, the ascension of Prophet Mohammad (S.A.V.) is told as follows. 17/Al Isra (The Night Journey)-1: Glory be to Him Who made His servant to go on a night from the Sacred Mosque to the remote mosque of which We have blessed the precincts, so that
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We may show to him some of Our signs; surely He is the One Who Hears most, and Sees most. Undoubtedly, Prophet Mohammad's (S.A.V.) journey to Mescidi Aksa in one night occurred beyond the physical laws of this world; given that Mescid-i Haram is in Mecca and Mescid-i Aksa is in Jerusalem. It was merely impossible to make approx. a 1250 km long journey in one night at that time. Nonetheless, Allah-u Teala decided to bring Prophet Mohammad (S.A.V.) to Mescid-i Aksa without any particular reason; previously Allah-u Teala let him see the remote mosque (Mescid-i Aksa) through the eyes of his heart without him physically being there. However, it should be known that Allah-u Teala is exempted from time, and He is out of the time by all means. Since He is not bound by time (He is the owner of infinite speed), everything to happen in the future and in the past has already happened from His perspective. Thus, Allah-u Teala gives this example for believers to contemplate: 2/Al Baqara (The Cow)-259: or the like of him (Uzair) who passed by a town, and it had fallen down upon its roofs; he said: When will Allah give it life after its death? So Allah caused him to die for a hundred years, and then raised him to life. He said: How long have you tarried? He said: I have tarried a day, or a part of a day. Said He: Nay! You have tarried a hundred years; then look at your food and drink-- years have not passed over it; and look at your ass; and that We may make you a sign to men, and look at the bones, how We set them together, then clothed them with flesh; so when it became clear to him, he said: I know that Allah has power over all things.

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This verse, as well, clearly reveals the fact that time is relative. Besides, it also ascertains that mankind might falsely perceive time. This example alone should be enough to describe the relativity of time. When Einstein introduced this very theory in the 20th century it gained immediate attention from the scientific society; however it is more fascinating that this truth was presented in the Qur'an 14 centuries ago. The Qur'an has clearly explained these various standards of time. It also reveals the fact that time does not flow at the same pace everywhere in the universe: 22/Al Hajj (The Pilgrimage)-47: And they ask you to hasten on the punishment, and Allah will by no means fail in His promise, and surely a day with your Lord is as a thousand years of what you number.

Allah tells us in this verse that the journey to His level would takes 50,000-years of our world, if it is traveled with the light speed:

70/Al Maarij (The Ascending Stairways)-4: To Him ascend the angels and the Spirit in a day the measure of which is fifty thousand years.

If traveled with infinite speed, as the Prophet Mohammad (S.A.V.) did, it might have taken a few minutes.

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32/Al Sajda (The Prostration, the Worship)-5: He directs the affairs from the heavens to the earth then it ascends unto him on a day the measure of which is a thousand years of your reckoning.

Even though it seems like a journey that takes 50,000 years to travel cannot be the same length as the one that takes only a few minutes, the Qur'an proves that this speed is actual, and the only difference is in perception.

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7.2 Expansion Of The Universe: Parallel To The Flow Of Time Which Started With The Big Bang
Time begins with a process, which Allah-u Teala declares in the thirtieth verse of the surah Al Anbia. 21/Al Anbia (The Prophets)-30: Do not those who disbelieve see that the heavens and the earth were closed up, but We have opened them; and We have made of water everything living, will they not then believe? A structure that is as heavy as the universe, where all spaces were removed, enclosed within a single point, exploded outward and dispersed. Then Allah-u Teala scattered every single particle (which later became the planets, satellites etc.) to the places where the planets were formed. As a result of the kinetic energy given to the planets the universe continues its expansion in parallel to the flow of the time from past to the future. For example, a bullet or a cannon ball that leaves the barrel with a certain amount of force; its speed gradually increases from zero to a definite point, then it slows down with a similar pattern that it had when it was accelerating. Likewise, time reveals a similar variance in its flowing pattern. 51/Adh Dhariat (The Winnowing Winds)-47: And the heaven, we raised it high with power, and most surely we are the makers of things ample. There are many verses in Qur'an explaining the creation of the universe and the concept of time. These verses absolutely enlighten today's science. Allah exploded a structure, which was as heavy as the whole universe, from a single point with an
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infinite speed. This is such a structure that all of its spaces had been compressed. After that, time started. All particles, which were separated from this point, have scattered all over the universe. We live in a period of time, and it flows from the past to the future. However there will be a moment that the time will stop: The Judgment Day. The kinetic energy that Allah granted to the planets ceases on the Day of Judgment. There will be no more pushing energy. Therefore, the expansion will stop. Afterwards gravitation will begin to dominate; greater masses will start pulling the smaller masses. And the universe will start to shrink. The causality of this expansion and shrinkage is correlated with the time.

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7.3- Laws Of "Hunnes And Kunnes"

Allah defined creation with the laws of "Hunnes and Kunnes": 81/At Takwir-15 (Overthrowing): So verily I call to witness the hunnes (source of the gravitational force) - that recede, 81/ At Takwir -16 (Overthrowing): To the kunnes (the particle that follows its orbit by means of the gravitational force) that turns;

The source of the centrifugal force is the hunnes, and the particles that turn around the hunnes with centripetal force are called kunnes. From this point of view, the sun is the hunnes for the solar system, and the earth acts as the kunnes. As far as the relationship between moon and earth, earth is the hunnes and the moon is the kunnes. The orbital relationship between a planet and its gravitational center is absolutely ecliptic, not circular. In order for the kunnes not to be pulled by the center, it reaches its highest speed at a certain point on its orbit, where it gets closest to the center. On the other hand, in order the kunnes not to vanish when it gets to the furthest point on the orbit, it reaches the lowest speed. Allah created everything with such detailed calculations, and its results astound us; makes us realize how powerful He is. The relationship between the center of a gravitational force and the planets, satellites, etc. that orbit around it depends on several factors: 1. The "mass design" between the central gravitational force
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(Sun) and the earth. 2. 3. The speed of the knnes around the gravitational center. The distance between the source, and the kunnes.

4. Both hnnes and knnes, individually spins around themselves, which means they both have their unique spinning patterns. 5. Both the constant (gravitational force), and its dependant (the one that spins around the source) have to travel with 500 million km. annually on a certain type of orbit, which is required by the system they comprise. Apparently, for particles, the gravitational force in the center (larger mass) and the dragged particle that is orbiting around the source (smaller mass), both spin individually. Hence, they must have their own unique spinning patterns. When these systems act together under these standards, laws of hnnes and knnes are valid. For instance, every planet in the solar system spins around the sun with a unique orbit. It also spins around itself in a unique orbit, which is different than the one Sun follows. Depending on their own spinning patterns, their masses, and whether they have a satellite or not, they follow a unique orbit. Allah created these systems. It is estimated that there exists 100 billion galaxies, and 100 billion stars in each galaxy. An infinite design of universe, which was scattered over the nothingness, but still every single system is in touch with others. Moreover, these systems are moving continuously under the influence of certain power.
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Briefly, in the universe we are living in, everything is in a marvelous harmony. As estimated, 100 billion galaxies, and 100 billion stars in each galaxy maintain their existence with an extreme order. This is such that all galaxies, stars, planets, and their satellites follow a certain orbit for their individual spins and also a different orbit for the spin they make around the particles they are gravitated to, with an excellent order. These orbits are called "Falakh" in Qur'an. 36/Ya Seen 37: And a Sign for them is the Night: We withdraw there from the Day, and behold they are plunged in darkness; 36/Ya Seen 38: And the sun runs his course for a period determined for him: that is the decree of (Him), the Exalted in Might, the All-Knowing. 36/Ya Seen 39: And the Moon, - We have measured for her mansions (to traverse) till she returns like the old (and withered) lower part of a date-stalk. 36/Ya Seen 40: It is not permitted to the Sun to catch up the Moon, nor can the Night outstrip the Day: Each (just) swims along in (its own) orbit (according to Law).

Moreover, the speed concept in the universe, when it is evaluated with the measures of our world, reveals unbelievable magnitudes. Stars that weigh millions of tons, planets, galaxies, and galaxy sets move with a great speed in outer space. The world we are living in spins around itself with 1670 km/hr, and spins around its gravitational center, the sun, with a speed of 108,000 km/hr. The speed of the solar system, relative to the gravitational center of
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the galaxy, is 720,000 km/hr; whereas, the speed of the Milky Way Galaxy in outer space is 950,000 km/hr. As a result of this continuing motion, the World and the Solar system go 500 million km past where they were the year before. In the beginning of the creation of the universe, as a result of an explosion, the energy particles were taken apart from one single point, and scattered among the universe. They ended up in the exact location of the planet, satellite or star they will create. Subsequently, there emerges an electron from one pair of neutrinos, and a counter electron is formed from one pair of counter neutrinos. As a result, energy becomes matter. Henceforth there exists no more energy, just matter. The journey of the particle, from the explosion point to the position of the object it will create (star, planet, satellite, etc.), takes a few seconds. Even though by the time they reach their assigned points their relationship with time seems over, but, because Allah granted infinite kinetic energy and the resulting continuous motion to the planets and such, their relationship with time does not end. This speed, the speed of the continuing motion of the objects in the universe, equals 500 million km annually. Given that a year is 365 days, all planets travel more than one million, but less than one and half million km, everyday. All planets maintain their expansion with the kinetic energy that Allah granted them. They are moving with the speed mentioned above; and they expand, as does the universe. This growth continues up to the time that Allah chooses. At that point, the kinetic energy ends. Unless the expansion continues, and the masses keep moving further away from each other, time shall end. Accordingly, time ends when the kinetic energy is over. Allah created the universe in the appearance of a human body,
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and it is colored as the floodwater that flows after the rain.

7.4- The End Of The Hnnes And Knnes Balance

First, an imbalance emerges between earth that orbits the sun, and the moon that orbits the earth. Then the speed of the earth and the speed of the moon decreases, which affects them separately. Because they have different amounts of mass, they divert from their orbits. In other words, even though the moon is in the gravitational field of the earth, discontinued kinetic energy affects them in different ways. It also affects the sun in a different way than both the moon and the earth; the system orbiting the sun will not be effected by the sun's gravitation anymore. Then, gravitation overcomes the magnetic system. All the planets in the system(s) start to be pulled by their common gravitational force. Moon is pulled by the earth. Earth, which was orbiting the sun, is pulled by the sun later. Thus, the moon hits the earth and they unite, and the earth hits the sun as well as other planets and satellites in the solar system, and the whole system unites. Due to gravitation, the expansion of the universe stops, and systems start to be pulled by their central gravitational force, which initiates the shrinkage of the universe. Through pulling its planets, every solar system creates a gravitational center. When all planets merge into their sun, the process of pulling the planets towards the center ends. This process is followed by another similar one: gravitational centers, which already acquired all of their surrounding planets, begin to pull each other. Consequently, in a galaxy, all solar systems start to pull each other until they create one big mass.
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Along with the process of going back to the origin, time flows backward, too; as much as it had already flown forward. During time's journey backward to the first created human being, when it comes to a person's time, Allah resurrects people in the appearance just before they died. Allah resurrects everybody at whatever age they died; babies as babies, elders as elders, children as children, they are all resurrected. However, in the planet they come alive, there is no gravity anymore. Therefore, they rise from their graves all around the universe in order to reach the only place where gravity exists; "The Judgment Place." And they travel by flying. When the kinetic energy that Allah granted to the central solar systems ends, The Angel "Israfil" blows the trumpet, which is the first blowing. When the expansion is over, time stops. When the gravitation starts, time reverses itself because Allah-u Teala starts the contraction of space. All the planets merge with whichever planet they had fallen apart from originally.

75/Al Qiyama (The Resurrection)-6, 7, 8, 9: He asks: When is the day of resurrection? So when the sight becomes dazed, and the moon becomes dark, and the sun and the moon are brought together.

Apparently, Allah-u Teala provides an insight of how the earth unites with the moon and how both then unite with the sun. What happened in the creation of the universe (the world was separated from the sun as a core and the moon was separated from the world), will reverse itself at the end of the time (first the moon will unite with the world and then both will unite with the sun). The same way Earth got separated from the Sun at the beginning.
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In conclusion, time flowing from the past to the future stops when the expansion ends and begins to flow back to the past with a greater speed.

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7.5. The Speed Laws

When we look into the speed laws of Allah-u Teala, we see that there are 3 types of speed. Light speed is a bridge between all the speed levels below and above the light speed. Light speed represents a bit more than 300,000 km per second. All photons are light rays and travels in a linear form with approximately 300,000 km/s. For this movement, they do not need any pushing energy. As you all know, electrons and counterelectrons are in the content of the atoms of the universe. The number of spins of counter electrons is the half of the number of spins of electrons. For some elements and gases, it is found that when their counter electrons are given electrical energy, the number of spins they make increases considerably. This means that at the end of a short time, even though the number of spins of electrons and counter electrons are increasing, both numbers are equal because the number of spins of counter electrons increased more. Whenever the numbers of electrons and counter electrons are equal, one electron and one counter electron merges to form a photon. Every photon moves in a linear form from where they emerged. A light that is turned on in a room (no matter where in the room) would travel in the room in straight lines in all the directions. Light travels with approx. 300.000 km/sec., and moves upon the light wall. Every direction that you can think of is a light wall. What moves on the light wall? This can be explained by considering it as a plane that has this physical world and electron on one wing, and has the counter physical world and counter electron on the other. Thus both wings are equally weighted.
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Light travels at approximately 300,000 km/sec and consists of one electron and one counter electron. Light speed is a bridge between infinite speed and the speeds below light speed. The resistance shown by the particle to an increase or decrease of speed is called mass. And weight is the force of gravitation exerted to an object within the range of gravitational attraction.

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7.5.1. Speed Of Photon And The Law Of Equal Weights

Equation [7.1] shows the relationship between speed and distance.

2 m0 = m 1 V C2

[7.1]

m0 = Stationary mass of the particle m = Relativistic mass v = Speed of the particle c = Speed of the light

Assume that the mass of the particle m0=0. If we insert this in the above formula we get:
2 m0 = m 1 V , C2

(7.1)

2 2 0 m 1 V = 0 1 V = 2 C C2 m
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(7.2)

2 2 0 = 1 V 1 = V 2 C C2

(7.3)

V 2 = C2

(7.4)

V =C

(7.5)

In this case we see that any particle of mass equal to zero travels with the speed of light c. This is a photon with a mass equal to zero. Since the electron and counter electron that formed the photon moves in its own world, each move with the light speed. A photon can only emerge as a result of the bonding of an electron and a counter electron.

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7.5.2. Speed Of Electron And The Law Of Half Weights

All speeds below light speed, under normal conditions, represent the attainable speeds in our world. The highest attainable limit that can be reached with a certain amount of pushing energy is far from reaching the light speed, because light speed cannot be reached by pushing energy. Let's assume that the stationary mass and relativistic mass of the particle are both positive and we take m>m0 in the equations above we obtain: v2 m0 = m 1 c2
v2 2 m0 = m 2 1 c2

(7.1)

(7.6)

2 m0 v2 = 1 m2 c2 2 m0 v2 = 1 c2 m2 2 2 2 = c 2 m0 c v m2
V <C
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(7.7)

(7.8)

(7.9)

(7.10)

Here we see that the speed of a particle cannot reach the speed of light. This result shows us this is matter with positive mass obeying speed laws less than the speed of light. If the electrons and counter electrons of matter exist in the physical world, their speed will absolutely be under light speed. Thus, according to the laws of physics, beings of the physical world cannot reach the light speed. Reaching the speed of light is only possible by electrons and counter electrons moving in their own worlds. Yet, Allah has a secret which reveals the way to exceed the light speed: if the counter electron's number of spins surpasses the number of spins that an electron has, that matter can exceed the light speed. In other words, matter cannot move with a speed higher than the light speed in its own world.

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7.5.3- Speed Of Neutrino And The Law Of Negative Weights

Any speed that exceeds the speed of light can only be attained through the movement of a matter or a particle in another world. According to Allah's Law of Visibility, the matter of this world can become matter of another world (that matter will exceed the light speed) only if the balance between the electrons and the counter electrons is reversed. Let's assume the relativistic mass of the particle is imaginary, i.e. m = im. Now let's investigate how the speed of the particle changes relative to the mass. v2 m0 = m 1 c2 m0 = im 1 using
1 = i

(7.1)

V2 c2

(7.11)

or i 2 = 1
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V2 2 m0 = i 2 m 2 1 2 c

(7.12)

V2 2 m0 = ( 1)m 2 1 2 c
2 m0

(7.13)

V 2m2 m2 + = c2

(7.14)

2 m0

+m =
2

m 2V 2 c2

(7.15)

V2 =

2 c 2 m0 + m 2

(7.16)

V 2 = c2 +

2 m0 c 2

m2

(7.17)

V > c

(7.18)

Here we see that the speed of the particle is above the speed of light. This is antimatter. If a particle is traveling outside of its world, it will be bound by high-speed laws and has speed greater than that of light and has negative mass. As you know, in the physical world the mass of electrons is twice of the mass of counter electrons. If an electron is spinning 100 times in a second, counter electrons can only spin 50 times a second. Assume that the counter electron increased the number of spins it makes from 50 to 101. Given that, when the counter electrons' number of spins exceeds the number of spins the electrons make it becomes invisible; nobody can see this matter anymore in the physical world. It should not be forgotten that the Visibility principle requires the electrons to make twice the number of spins than the counter electrons. If the number of spins that the electrons make is exceeded by the counter electrons, the necessary conditions of the visibility principle will be lost and that particle becomes invisible in the physical world. It will
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disappear. UFOs are subject to this status. Many planets in the universe are now able to apply science more advanced than ours. Life started at the same time in all planets. As you know, the Qur'an is not only known in our world but in all the planets; the same is true of our Prophet Mohammed (S.A.V.). This is explained in Qur'an as follows: "We descended the Qur'an for all the worlds." This means that it is not only descended to earth but to other planets as well. 21/Al Anbia (The Prophets)-107: We sent thee not, but as a Mercy for all creatures.

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7.5.3.1. The Speed Of Thought

So, in this design, whichever planet succeeded in increasing the number of the spins of the counter electrons to be higher than the electrons', they go beyond the speed of light. This speed can be increased in an infinite manner, and it can reach the speed of the mind. What is the speed of thought? If I tell you to imagine yourself at the door right now, you could do that. If I told you to imagine yourself at the moon, you could immediately imagine yourself at the moon. You could imagine yourself at the farthest planet you can ever think of, or you can imagine yourself at the sun. Let's assume you thought all in one second. When we compare the distances, we realize that there are huge gaps. What kind of gaps are these? Even if the distance from here to the door is 10 meters or 20 meters, thinking that you are there takes a second. This is true for all created beings. When someone is told to think of himself on the moon, it takes a second as well. Even though, in reality the distance between here and the moon is more than the distance from here to the door, one can still think of both in the same amount of time, for example: one second. The period of time it takes thinking (by the way, thinking does not belong to any world) to reach the moon is the same amount of time to reach the sun, door, or any other place. Therefore, the distances are not valid for thinking, which exists outside of this world. It can move with infinite speed. The upper limit of this speed is the speed of thought, but it always
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takes time even if it is a millisecond and a design like this is possible. Who is it that does not even take that millisecond in its being? That is Allah-u Teala who created time and space and Who existed before time, is here now, and will be here any time no matter how far you go in the past and in the future. So how is it that the speed of thought is able to move beyond any speed limits? It obviously matches the Allah laws of speed because mind does not belong to any world. Let's look at the worlds. 1- Physical World, world of our bodies. 2- Counter-Physical World (Berzah) world of our soul 3- Emr World, world of spirits. 4- Counter-Emr World. World of Satan 5- Gayb World. Where jinni live 6- Counter-Gayb World. Souls of jinni world 7- Nothingness: non-existence

As a result, mind does not belong to any of these worlds. It is beyond, and outside of them. Therefore no matter in which world it is at that moment, products of mind, thoughts, have the ability to travel in and between all worlds with a speed exceeding the speed of light.
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The path that has seven stages and, which takes the spirit to the Allah is called the Sirat-i Mustakiym. And the world of spirits starts on the ground level of this seven-staged path. Besides what is called sirat-i cehim is another seven-staged path that starts from the ground level. However it goes downwards, towards satan. So, either the path is Sirat-i Mustakiym that takes to Allah or sirat-i cehim that takes to satan, they are both counters of each other. In the journey that begins at the ground level and ends at Allah (C.C.), exceeding the regions of all sky levels is only possible with a "sultan", the Imam of the time. 55/RAHMAN-33: O company of jinn and men, who among you can pass beyond the regions of all skies. You cannot pass through but only with a "sultan".

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