2.1 PT Bac Nhat Hai Ba Voi Sin Cos

Bi 1.
Phng trnh ng cp bc nht, bc hai, bc ba vi sinx, cosx

219
Bi 1. PHNG TRNH NG CP BC NHT VI SINX, COSX
1. Phng php chung:
2 2
sin cos ; 0 a x b x c a b + = + > (1)
Cch 1.
( ) ( )
2 2 2 2 2 2
1 sin cos cos
c a b
x x x
a b a b a b
= + =
+ + +

Vi
2 2 2 2 2 2
sin ; cos ; cos 2
a b c
x k
a b a b a b
= = = = +
+ + +

Ch : (1) c nghim
2 2 2
c a b +
Cch 2. Xt cos 0
2
x
= l nghim ca (1) 0 b c + =
Xt 0 b c + . t tan
2
x
t = th
2
2 2
2 1
sin ; cos
1 1
t t
x x
t t
= =
+ +
. Khi
( )
1
( ) ( ) ( )
2
2 0 f t c b t at c b = + + =
Cch 3. Phn tch thnh phng trnh tch
2. Cc bi tp mu minh ha
Bi 1. Gii phng trnh:
3
3sin 3 3 cos 9 1 sin 3 x x x = +
Gii
( )
3 3
3sin 3 3 cos 9 1 4sin 3 3sin 3 4sin 3 3 cos 9 1 x x x x x x = + =
3
1 1
sin 9 3 cos 9 1 sin 9 cos 9
2 2 2
x x x x = =
( )
1
sin 9
3 2
x

=
( )
2
9 2
3 6 18 9
5 7 2
9 2
3 6 54 9
k
x k x
k
k
x k x

= + = +

= + = +

Bi 2. Gii phng trnh: cos 7 . cos 5 3 sin 2 1 sin 7 .sin 5 x x x x x = (1)
Gii
( ) ( )
1 cos 7 . cos 5 sin 7 .sin 5 3 sin 2 1 x x x x x + =
( )
cos 7 5 3 sin 2 cos 2 3.sin 2 1 x x x x x =
3
1 1 1
cos 2 sin 2 cos cos 2 sin sin 2
2 2 2 3 3 2
x x x x

= =
( )
( )
1
cos 2 2 2
3 2 3 3 3
x x k x k x k k

+ = + = + = = +
Chng VII. Phng trnh lng gic Trn Phng

220
( )
2 2 sin cos cos 3 cos 2 x x x x + = + (1)
Gii
( ) ( )
1 2 sin 2 2 1 cos 2 3 cos 2 x x x + + = +
( )
2 sin 2 2 1 cos 2 3 2 x x + =
.Ta c
( ) ( )
( )
2 2
2 2
2
2
2 2 1 5 2 2
3 2 11 6 2
a b
c
+ = + =
= =
. Ta s chng minh:
2 2 2
a b c + <
5 2 2 11 6 2 <
( )
2
2
4 2 6 32 36 < < (ng). Vy (1) v nghim.
( ) ( ) ( )
3sin 4sin 5sin 5 0
3 6 6
x x x

+ + + + =
Gii
( ) ( ) ( )
3sin 4cos 5sin 5
3 2 6 6
x x x
(
+ + = +
(

( ) ( ) ( )
3sin 4cos 5sin 5
3 3 6
x x x
(
+ = + +
(

. t
3 4
sin , cos
5 5
= =
( ) ( )
7
cos sin sin . cos sin 5
3 3 6
x x x
(
+ = +
(

( ) ( )
7
sin sin 5
3 6
x x
(
+ = +
(

9
24 4 2 36 6 3
k k
x x

= + + = +
3 3
4sin cos 3 4cos sin 3 3 3 cos 4 3 x x x x x + + = (1)
Gii
( ) [ ] [ ]
1 3sin sin 3 cos 3 3cos cos 3 sin 3 3 3 cos 4 3 x x x x x x x + + + =
[ ]
3 sin cos 3 sin 3 cos 3 3 cos 4 3 sin 4 3 cos 4 1 x x x x x x x + + = + =
( )
3
1 1 1
sin 4 cos 4 cos sin 4 sin cos 4 sin 4
2 2 2 3 3 3 2
x x x x x

+ = + = + =
( )
24 2 8 2
k k
x x k

= + = +
Bi 6. Gii phng trnh: 3sin cos 1 x x + =
Gii
Ta c 3sin cos 1 3sin 1 cos x x x x + = =
( )
2
6sin cos 2sin 2sin 3cos sin 0
2 2 2 2 2 2
x x x x x x
= = . Xt 2 kh nng
a. sin 0 2
2 2
x x
k x k = = =
b.
( )
3cos sin 0 tg 3 2 2
2 2 2 2
x x x x
k x k k = = = + = +
Bi 1. Phng trnh ng cp bc nht, bc hai, bc ba vi sinx, cosx

221
Bi 7. Gii phng trnh: sin 5cos 1 x x + = (1)
Gii
( )
( ) ( ) ( )
2
1 5cos 1 sin 5 cos sin cos sin cos sin
2 2 2 2 2 2
x x x x x x
x x = + =
( ) ( )
2
cos sin 4cos 6sin 0 tan 1 tan tan
2 2 2 2 2 2 3
x x x x x x
+ = = = =
( )
2 2 2
2 4 2 2
x x
k k x k x k k

= + = + = + = +
( )
sin 3 cos sin 3 cos 2 1 x x x x + + + =
Gii
Ta c:
( )
3
1
sin 3 cos 2 sin cos 2sin
2 2 3
x x x x x
(

+ = + = +
(

t
( )
sin 3 cos 2sin 0 2
3
t x x x t
= + = + , khi
( ) ( )
[ ]
2
2
1 2 2 2 5 4 0 1 0; 2 t t t t t t t t t + = = = + = =
( ) ( )
1
2sin 1 sin
3 3 2
x x

+ = + =
( )
2 2
6 2
x k x k k

= + = +
( ) ( ) ( )
1 3 sin 1 3 cos 2 1 x x + + =
Gii
Do
( )
1 3 2 2 3 0 b c + = + + = nn cos 0
2
x
= khng l nghim ca (1)
t
2
2t
tan sin
2
1+t
x
t x = v
2
2
1
cos
1
t
x
t
=
+
, khi
( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( )
2
2 2
2 2
2 1
1 1 3 1 3 2 2 1 3 1 3 1 2 1
1 1
t t
t t t
t t
+ + = + + = +
+ +

( ) ( ) ( )
2
3 3 2 1 3 1 3 0 t t + + + =
1 3 5 1
tan tan tan tan
2 6 2 12
3 1 3
x x
t t
+
= = = =
5
2 2
3 6
x k x k

= + = +
( ) ( )
sin 3 3 2 cos 3 1 1 x x + =
Gii
Do
( )
3 2 1 3 1 0 b c + = + = nn
3
cos 0
2
x

222
t
2
3 2
tan sin 3
2
1
x t
t x
t
= =
+
v
2
2
1
cos 3
1
t
x
t
=
+
, khi
( ) ( ) ( )
2 2
1 2 3 2 1 1 t t t + = +
( ) ( )
2
1 3 2 3 3 0 t t + + =
1
3 3
tan 1 tan 3
2 2
3
t
x x
t
=
= =
( )
2 2 2
6 3 9 3
k k
x x k

= + = +
Bi 11. Tm m
( )
2sin cos 1 1 x m x m + = c nghim ,
2 2
x
(
(

Gii
Do
( )
1 0 b c m m + = + nn cos 0
2
x
t tan
2
x
t = th
( )
2
2 2
2 1
1 2 1
1 1
t t
m m
t t
+ =
+ +

( ) ( ) ( ) ( )
2 2 2
4 1 1 1 4 1 2 0 t m t m t f t t t m + = + = + =
Cch 1: Yu cu bi ton
( )
2
4 1 2 0 f t t t m = + = c nghim [ ] 1,1 t
Xt
( )
1 0 6 2 0 3 f m m = = = tha mn
Xt
( )
1 0 2 2 0 1 f m m = = = tha mn
Xt
( )
0 f t = c 1 nghim ( ) 1,1 t v 1 nghim [ ] 1,1 t
( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( )
1 1 6 2 2 2 0 2 6 2 2 0 1 3 f f m m m m m = < + < < <
Xt
( )
0 f t = c 2 nghim
1 2
, t t tha mn
1 2
1 1 t t < <
( ) ( )
{ }
0; 1. 1 0; 1. 1 0; 1 1
2
S
f f > > < < , h ny v nghim
Kt lun: (1) c nghim , 1 3
2 2
x m
(

(

.
Cch 2:
( )
2
4 1 2 0 f t t t m = + = c nghim [ ] 1,1 t
( )
2 1 1
2
2 2
g t t t m = + = c nghim [ ] 1,1 t
Ta c:
( )
[ ]
( )
2 0 1,1 g t t t g t = < nghch bin trn [ ] 1,1
Suy ra tp gi tr
( )
g t l on
( ) ( )
[ ] 1 , 1 1, 3 g g (

. T (1) c nghim
( )
,
2 2
x g t m
(
=
(

c nghim [ ] 1,1 1 3 t m

223
II. PHNG TRNH NG CP BC 2 VI SINX, COSX
1. Phng php chung
2 2
sin sin cos cos 0 a x b x x c x d + + + = vi
( )
2 2 2
0 1 a b c + + >
Bc 1: Xt cos 0 x = c l nghim ca (1) hay khng 0 a d + =
Bc 2: Xt 0 cos 0 a d x + = khng l nghim ca (1)
Chia 2 v ca (1) cho
2
cos 0 x ta nhn c phng trnh
( ) ( )
2 2
1 tan tan 1 tan 0 a x b x c d x + + + + = . t tan t x =
( ) ( ) ( ) ( )
2
1 0 f t a d t bt c d = + + + + =
Bc 3: Gii v bin lun
( )
0 f t = Nghim
0
tg t x = nghim x.
Bi 1. a. Gii phng trnh:
2 2
sin 2sin cos 3cos 3 0 x x x x + + =
b. Gii phng trnh:
2
sin 3sin cos 1 0 x x x + =
Gii
a.
2 2
sin 2sin cos 3cos 3 0 x x x x + + = (1)
Nu cos 0 x = l nghim ca (1) th t (1)
2
2 2
cos 0 sin 1
sin 3 0 sin 3
x x
x x
= =

= =

V l. Chia 2 v ca (1) cho
2
cos 0 x ta nhn c
( ) ( )
2 2 2
1 tan 2 tan 3 3 1 tan 0 2 tan 2 tan 0 x x x x x + + + = =
( ) ( )
tan 0
2 tan 1 tan 0
tan 1
4
x k
x
x x k
x k x
=
=

=

= + =

b.
2
sin 3sin cos 1 0 x x x + = (2)
2
cos 0
sin 1 0
x
x
=

+ =
V l
Chia 2 v ca (2) cho
2
( ) ( )
2 2 2
2 tan 3tan 1 tan 0 2 tan 3tan 1 0 x x x x x + + = + =
( ) ( ) ( )
tan 1 tan
4
4 tan 1 2 tan 1 0
1
tan tan
2
x
x k
x x k
x x k

= =
= +

= = = +


224
Bi 2. a. Gii phng trnh:
2 2 5
4 3 sin cos 4cos 2sin
2
x x x x + = +
b. GPT:
( )
( ) ( ) ( )
2 2 5 3
3sin 3 2sin cos 5sin 0
2 2 2
x x x x x

+ + + + =
Gii
a. Phng trnh
( )
2 2 5
2sin 4 3 sin cos 4cos 0 1
2
x x x x + =
2 5
2sin 0
2
x + = V l
Chia 2 v ca (1) cho
2
( ) ( )
2 2 2 5
1 2 tan 4 3 tan 4 1 tan 0 9 tan 8 3 tan 3 0
2
x x x x + + = =
( )
3
tan 3 tan tan tan
3 9 3
x x x k x k k

= = = = = + = +
b.
( )
( ) ( ) ( )
2 2 5 3
3sin 3 2sin cos 5sin 0
2 2 2
x x x x x

+ + + + =
( )
2 2
3sin 2sin cos 5cos 0 2 x x x x =
cos 0
sin 0
x
x
=
V l
Chia 2 v ca (2) cho
2
( )
2
tan 1 tan
4
4 2 3tan 2 tan 5 0
5
tan tan
3
x
x k
x x
x x k

= =
= +

= = = =

Bi 3. GPT: a.
1
3 sin cos
cos
x x
x
+ = b.
1
4sin 6cos
cos
x x
x
+ =
Gii
a.
2
2
3 sin cos
1 1
3 sin cos 3 tan 1 1 tan
cos cos
cos
x x
x x x x
x x
x
+
+ = = + = +
( )
{ }
2
tan 0
tan 3 tan 0 tan tan 3 0 ;
3
tan 3
x
x x x x x k k
x
=

= = +

b.
2
2
4sin 6cos 1 1
4sin 6cos 4 tan 6 1 tan
cos cos
cos
x x
x x x x
x x
x
+
+ = = + = +
( ) ( )
2
tan 1 tan
4 4 tan 4tan 5 0 tan 1 tan 5 0
tan 5 tan
x x k
x x x x
x x k

= = = +

= + =

= = =+


225
2 2 3
7sin 2sin 2 3cos 3 15 0 x x x + = (1)
Gii
2 3
cos 0
7sin 3 15
x
x
=
V l
Chia 2 v ca (1) cho
2
cos 0 x ta c
( ) ( )
2 2 3
1 7tan 4tan 3 3 15 1 tan 0 x x x + + =
( ) ( ) ( )
2 3 3
7 3 15 tan 4 tan 3 3 15 0 2 x x + + = . Ta c
3 2 3
25 12 15 9 15 = +
t
3 3 3 5
15 15 25
3
t t t = = = , ta s chng minh <0 . Tht vy, ta c:
( )
( )
3 2 5 5 12
9 12 3
3 3 5
t t t t t t = + = . Do ( )
3
3 3 12
2, 4 15 3 2, 4 15 3
5
t < < = < = <
nn suy ra:
( )
0 2 < v nghim (1) v nghim.
Bi 5. Tm m :
2
cos 4sin cos 2 0 m x x x m + = c nghim
( )
0,
4
x

Gii
Vi
( )
0,
4
x

th cos 0 x nn chia 2 v phng trnh cho
2
cos 0 x ta c
( ) ( )
2
4 tan 2 1 tan 0 m x m x + + = . t ( ) tan 0,1 t x = .
Khi :
( ) ( )
2 2 2
2 4 2 2 0 2 2 4 2 m t t m m t t t + = + = + +
( )
( )
2
2
2 2 1
2
t t
g t m
t
+ +
= =
+
. Ta c
( )
( )
( )
( ) ( )
( )
( )
2
2 2
2 2
4 2 4 2 1
0, 0, 1
2 2
t t t t
g t t
t t
+
= = >
+ +

( )
g t tng / ( )
( )
0,1 g t m = c nghim ( )
( ) ( )
( ) ( ) 0,1 0 , 1 1, 2 t m g g .
Bi 6. Cho phng trnh:
( ) ( ) ( )
2 2
sin 2 2 sin cos 1 cos 1 x m x x m x m + + =
a. GPT: 2 m = b. Tm m phng trnh c nghim.
Gii
Nu cos 0 x = l nghim ca phng trnh (1) th t (1) suy ra
2
cos 0
sin
x
x m
=
2
2 2
1
1 sin 1 1
cos 0 sin 1 sin
2
m
m x m
x k x x x m
=
= = =

= + = = =

Nu 1 m th cos 0 x = khng l nghim ca (1), khi chia 2 v ca (1) cho
2
cos 0 x ta c:
( ) ( ) ( ) ( )
2 2
1 tan 2 2 tan 1 1 tan x m x m m x + + = +

226
( ) ( ) ( )
2
tan 1 tan 2 1 tan 2 1 0 f x m x m x m = + + =
a. Nu 2 m = th
( ) ( )
2
1 3 tan 1 0
4
x x k
= = +
b. (1) c nghim
2
1 1
1 2 1 1
0 2 0
m m
m m m
m m
= =

+

Bi 7. Cho phng trnh:
( )
2 2
cos sin cos 2sin 0 1 x x x x m
a. Gii phng trnh (1) khi 1 m = b. Gii bin lun theo m
Gii
a. Vi 1 m = ta c
( )
2 2
1 cos sin cos 2sin 1 0 x x x x =
( )
{ } cos 3sin sin 0 sin 0 co tg 3 cotg ; x x x x x x k k + = = = = +
b.
( ) ( )
1 cos 2 1
1 sin 2 1 cos 2 0 3cos 2 sin 2 2 1
2 2
x
x x m x x m
+
= = +
3 2 1 1
cos 2 sin 2
10 10 10
m
x x
+
= . t
3 1
cos , sin
10 10
= = , khi ta c
( )
2 1 2 1
cos cos 2 sin sin 2 cos 2
10 10
m m
x x x
+ +
= + =
+ Nu
1 10 1 10 2 1
1
2 2
10
m
m m
| | | |
+ +
> < > | |
\ \
th (2) v nghim
+ Nu
1 10 1 10 2 1
1 ,
2 2
10
m
m
(
+ +

(

th t
2 1
cos
10
m +
=
Khi
( ) ( ) ( )
1 2 cos 2 cos
2
x x k

+ = = +
Bi 8. Gii v bin lun:
( )
2 2
sin 4sin cos 2cos 0 1 m x x x x + + =
Gii
0 m = ,
( ) ( )
{ }
cos 0
1 2cos 2sin cos 0 ;
2 cot 2 cot
x
x x x x k k
x
=

+ = + +
= =

0 m th
( )
2
1 tan 4 tan 2 0 m x x + + = vi 4 2m =
+ Nu 2 m > th (1) v nghim; Nu 2 m = th tan 1
4
x x k
= = +
+ Nu 0 2 m < th
2 4 2
tan tan
m
x x k
m

= = = + .

227
III. PHNG TRNH NG CP BC 3 VI SINX, COSX
1. Phng php chung
3 2 2 3
sin sin cos sin cos cos 0 a x b x x c x x d x + + + = vi
( )
2 2 2 2
0 1 a b c d + + + >

( )
3 2 2 3
sin sin cos sin cos cos sin cos 0 a x b x x c x x d x m x n x + + + + + =
Bc 1: Xt cos 0 x = c l nghim ca phng trnh hay khng
Bc 2: Xt cos 0 x khng l nghim ca phng trnh. Chia 2 v ca (1)
cho
3
cos 0 x v s dng cng thc
( )
2 2
2 3
sin 1
1 tan ; tan 1 tan
cos cos
x
x x x
x x
= + = +
ta nhn c phng trnh bc 3 n tan x .
Bc 3: Gii v bin lun phng trnh bc 3 n tg x .
( )
3 3 2
4sin 3cos 3sin sin cos 0 1 x x x x x + =
Gii
Nu cos 0 x = l nghim ca (1) th t (1) suy ra
3 3
cos 0 sin 1 sin 1
4sin 3sin 0 4sin 3sin 0
x x x
x x x x
= = =

= =

V l
Chia 2 v ca (1) cho
3
cos 0 x ta c
( ) ( )
3 2 2
1 4tan 3 3tan 1 tan tan 0 x x x x + + =
( ) ( ) ( )
3 2 2 2 2
tan tan 3tan 1 tan tan 0 tan 1 tan 3 0 x x x x x x x + = =
( )
tan 1 tan 3
4 3
x x x k x k k

= = = + = +
( )
3
sin 2 .sin 2 sin 3 6cos 1 x x x x + =
Gii
( ) ( )
3 3
1 sin 2sin cos 3sin 4sin 6cos x x x x x x + =
3 2 3
4sin 3sin 2sin cos 6cos 0 x x x x x + = (2)
3 3
cos 0 sin 1 sin 1
4sin 3sin 0 4sin 3sin 0
x x x
x x x x
= = =

= =

V l
Chia 2 v ca (2) cho
3
cos 0 x ta c
( )
3 2
2 tan 2 tan 3tan 6 0 x x x + =
( ) ( )
{ }
2
tan 2 tan 3 0 tan 2 tan tan 3 ;
3
x x x x x k k
= = = = + +

228
Bi 3. Gii phng trnh: 1 3sin 2 2 tan x x + =
Gii
iu kin:
( )
cos 0 1
2
x x k
+
2 2
1 1
1 3sin 2 2 tan 1 6sin cos 2 tan 6 tan 2 tan
cos cos
x x x x x x x
x x
+ = + = + =
( ) ( )
2 2 3 2
1 tan 6 tan 2 tan 1 tan 2 tan tan 4 tan 1 0 x x x x x x x + + = + =
( ) ( )
2
1,2
1,2
tan 1
4
tan 1 2tan 3tan 1 0
3 17
tan tan
4
x
x n
x x x
x
x n
=
= +

+ =

= =
= +

( )
3
2 sin 2sin
4
x x
+ = (1)
Gii
( )
( ) ( )
( )
3
3
3
1 2 2sin 4sin 2sin 4sin sin cos 4sin
4 4
x x x x x x x
(
+ = + = + =
(

3 3
cos 0 sin 1 sin 1
sin 4sin sin 4sin 0
x x x
x x x x
= = =

= =

V l
Chia 2 v ca (1) cho
3
cos 0 x ta c
( ) ( ) ( )
3
2 2 2 3
1 tan 1 4tan 1 tan tan 3tan 3tan 1 4tan 4tan x x x x x x x x + = + + + + = +
( ) ( )
3 2 2
3tan 3tan tan 1 0 tan 1 3tan 1 0 tan 1
4
x x x x x x x k
+ = + = = = +
( )
3
8cos cos 3
3
x x
+ =
Gii
( )
3
3
8cos cos 3 8 cos . cos sin sin cos 3
3 3 3
x x x x x
(
+ = =
(

( ) ( ) ( )
3 3
3 3
cos 3sin 4cos 3cos 3 sin cos 3cos 4cos 0 1 x x x x x x x x = + =
2 2
cos 1
0 cos sin 1 0 1
sin 0
x
x x
x
=
= + = =
V l

229
Chia 2 v ca (1) cho
3
cos 0 x ta c
( ) ( ) ( )
3
2
1 3. tan 1 3 1 tan 4 0 x x + + =
( ) ( )
2
3 2
3 3 tan 3 3 tan 3 3 tan 1 3 1 tan 4 0 x x x x + + + =
( )
3 2 2
3 3 tan 12 tan 3 3 tan 0 tan 3 tan 4 tan 3 0 x x x x x x + = + =
{ }
( )
1
tan 0 tan tan 3 ; ;
6 3
3
x x x x k k k k

= = = + +
( )
3
sin 2 sin
4
x x
= (1)
Gii
( )
( ) ( )
3
3
1 2 2 sin 4sin 2 sin 4sin
4 4
x x x x
(
= =
(

( ) ( ) ( )
3 3
2
sin cos 4sin tan 1 4 tan 1 tan x x x x x x = = +
3 2 3 3 2
tan 3tan 3tan 1 4 tan 4 tan 3tan 3tan tan 1 0 x x x x x x x x + = + + + + =
( ) ( ) ( )
2
tan 1 3tan 1 0 tan 1 0 tan 1
4
x x x x x k k
+ + = + = = = +
3 5sin 4 cos
6sin 2cos
2cos 2
x x
x x
x
= (1)
Gii
iu kin:
( )
cos 2 0 2 2
2 4 2
k
x x k x

+ +
Vi iu kin (2) ta c
( )
3
1 6sin 2cos 5sin 2 cos x x x x =
( )
3 3 2
6sin 2cos 5 2sin cos cos 3sin cos 5sin cos 0 x x x x x x x x x = = (3)
2 2
cos 0
0 sin cos 1 0 1
sin 0
x
x x
x
=
= + = =
V l
Chia 2 v ca (3) cho
3
cos 0 x ta c
( )
2
3tan 1 tan 1 5tan 0 x x x + =
( ) ( )
2
tan 1 3. tan 3tan 1 0 x x x + + =
( )
( )
2
1 1
tan 1 3 tan 0 tan 1
2 4 4
x x x x n
(

+ + = = = +
(

Do
4
x n
= + mu thun vi (2):
4 2
k
x

+ nn phng trnh (1) v nghim.

230
Bi 8.
( ) ( ) ( ) ( )
3 2
4 6 sin 3 2 1 sin 2 2 sin cos 4 3 cos 0 m x m x m x x m x + + =
a. Gii phng trnh khi 2 m =
b. Tm m phng trnh c nghim duy nht 0,
4
x
(
(

Gii
Nu cos 0 x = l nghim ca phng trnh th t phng trnh suy ra
( ) ( ) ( ) ( )
3 3
cos 0 sin 1 sin 1
4 6 sin 6 3 sin 0 4 6 sin 6 3 sin
x x x
x m x m x m x
= = =

+ = +

V l
Chia 2 v ca phng trnh cho
3
cos 0 x ta c phng trnh
( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( )
3 2 2 2
4 6 tan 3 2 1 tan 1 tan 2 2 tan 4 3 1 tan 0 m x m x x m x m x + + + + =
( ) ( ) ( )
3 2
tan 2 1 tan 3 2 1 tan 4 3 0 x m x m x m + + =
( ) ( ) [ ] ( )
2
tan 1 tan 2 tan 4 3 0 1 x x m x m + =
a. Nu 2 m = th
( ) ( ) ( )
2
1 tan 1 tan 4 tan 5 0 x x x + =
( ) ( ) ( )
2
tan 1 tan 2 1 tan 1
4
x x x x k k
(
+ = =
b. t [ ] tan 0,1 0,
4
t x x
(
=
(

, khi phng trnh
( ) ( ) ( )
[ ]
2
2
1 0 1 0,1
1 1 2 4 3 0
2 4 3 0
t t
t t mt m
t mt m
= =
+ =

+ =

Xt phng trnh:
2
2 4 3 0 t mt m + = vi [ ] 0,1 t
( ) ( )
2
2 3
3 2 2 2
2
t
t m t g t m
t
= = =
. Ta c
( )
( ) ( )
( )
[ ]
2
1 3
0 0, 1
2
t t
g t t
t

=

( )
g t ng bin trn [ ] 0,1 Tp gi tr
( )
g t l
( ) ( )
[ ]
3
0 , 1 ; 2
2
g g
(
=
(

phng trnh (1) c nghim duy nht
( )
0,
4
x

th phng trnh
( )
2 g t m =
hoc v nghim [ ] 0,1 t hoc c ng 1 nghim 1 t =
( )
2 g t m = v nghim [ )
2 2 1
0,1
3 3
2
2 4
m m
t
m m

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231

2.1 PT Bac Nhat Hai Ba Voi Sin Cos

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2.1 PT Bac Nhat Hai Ba Voi Sin Cos

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Bi 1.

Phng trnh ng cp bc nht, bc hai, bc ba vi sinx, cosx

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