ABOUT THE BRENNAN CENTER FOR JUSTICE
The Brennan Center for Justice at New York University School of Law is a non-partisan public policy andlaw institute that focuses on the fundamental issues of democracy and justice. Our work ranges from voting rights to campaign finance reform, from racial justice in criminal law to Constitutional protection in the fightagainst terrorism. A singular institution
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part think tank, part public interest law firm, part advocacy group
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the Brennan Center combines scholarship, legislative and legal advocacy, and communications to winmeaningful, measurable change in the public sector.
ABOUT THE BRENNAN CENTER
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S DEMOCRACY PROGRAM
The Brennan Center’s Democracy Program works to repair the broken systems of American democracy. We
encourage broad citizen participation by promoting voting and campaign reform. We work to secure faircourts and to advance a First Amendment jurisprudence that puts the rights of citizens
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not special interests
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at the center of our democracy. We collaborate with grassroots groups, advocacy organizations, andgovernment officials to eliminate the obstacles to an effective democracy.
ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS
The Brennan Center gratefully acknowledges the Democracy Alliance Partners, Educational Foundation of America, Ford Foundation, Anne Gumowitz, Irving Harris Foundation, The Joyce Foundation, The JPBFoundation, Mitchell Kapor Foundation, John D. and Catherine T. MacArthur Foundation, Mertz GilmoreFoundation, Open Society Foundations, Rockefeller Family Fund, the State Infrastructure Fund, the WilliamB. Wiener Jr. Foundation, and Nancy Meyer and Marc Weiss for their generous support of our voting work. Thank you to Brennan Center colleagues, Jonathan Brater for his invaluable contributions to both theresearch and drafting of this report andLianna Reagan for her many hours of assistance, particularly incontacting election officials. A special thank you to legal intern Josh Stagerfor his extensive researchthroughout this project. This report also benefited greatly from the direction and guidance of Wendy Weiserand the thoughtful editorial assistance of Jim Lyons.