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Henry
 
Kissinger
 
vs.
 
Sentiment
 
Analysis
 
WALID
 
S.
 
SABA,
 
PhD
 
CIO,
 
Pragmatech
 
walid.saba@pragma
‐
tech.com
 
Those
 
of 
 
us
 
that
 
work
 
in
 
natural
 
language
 
processing
 
(NLP)
 
know
 
very
 
well
 
that
 
understanding
 
natural
 
language
 
requires
 
massive
 
amount
 
of 
 
commonsense
 
knowledge,
 
knowledge
 
that
 
a
 
five
 
year
‐
old
 
has
 
 –
 
e.g.,
 
tables
 
don’t
 
laugh,
 
people
 
sleep,
 
elephants
 
don’t
 
fly,
 
it
 
makes
 
sense
 
to
 
say
 
‘red
 
car’
 
but
 
not
 
‘red
 
opinion’,
 
etc.
 
We
 
immediately
 
and
 
effortlessly
 
understand
 
what
 
a
 
waiter
 
in
 
a
 
restaurant
 
means
 
when
 
he
 
says
 
“the
 
corner
 
table
 
wants
 
another
 
beer”
 
because
 
we
 
know
 
tables
 
don’t
 
have
 
wants
 
(and
 
they
 
certainly
 
don’t
 
desire
 
beer),
 
so
 
it
 
must
 
be
 
some
 
person
 
sitting
 
at
 
the
 
corner
 
table
 
who
 
wants
 
the
 
beer!
 
This
 
specific
 
phenomenon,
 
which
 
is
 
called
 
metonomy 
 
in
 
the
 
computational
 
linguistics
 
literature,
 
is
 
but
 
one
 
of 
 
a
 
multitude
 
of 
 
problems
 
that
 
we
 
still
 
do
 
not
 
have
 
a
 
computationally
 
effective
 
solution
 
for.
 
Quantifier
 
scope
 
resolution
 
is
 
another
 
phenomenon
 
that
 
we
 
still
 
don’t
 
quite
 
understand.
 
In
 
saying
 
“Jon
 
bought
 
a
 
house
 
on
 
every
 
street
 
in
 
his
 
neighborhood”
 
we
 
don’t
 
mean
 
there
 
is
 
a
 
single
 
house
 
that
 
is
 
on
 
every
 
street
 
in
 
Jon’s
 
neighborhood,
 
a
 
house
 
which
 
Jon
 
bought,
 
but
 
in
 
“Jon
 
advertised
 
a
 
house
 
on
 
every
 
street
 
in
 
his
 
neighborhood”
 
we
 
could
 
very
 
well
 
mean
 
that
 
there’s
 
a
 
single
 
house
 
that
 
Jon
 
advertised
 
on
 
every
 
street
 
in
 
his
 
neighborhood.
 
Without
 
delving
 
into
 
the
 
details
 
of 
 
a
 
number
 
of 
 
phenomena
 
in
 
natural
 
language
 
that
 
we
 
still
 
do
 
not
 
have
 
a
 
computationally
 
effective
 
solution
 
for,
 
let
 
me
 
 just
 
say
 
that,
 
as
 
of 
 
yet,
 
there’s
 
no
 
computer
 
program
 
that
 
can
 
truly
 
understand
 
simple,
 
everyday
 
spoken
 
language,
 
not
 
withstanding
 
all
 
the
 
claims
 
that
 
are
 
being
 
made
 
either
 
for
 
commercial
 
reasons,
 
or
 
sometimes
 
by
 
those
 
who
 
do
 
not
 
quite
 
understand
 
the
 
size
 
of 
 
the
 
problem
 
(after
 
all,
 
some
 
as
 
early
 
as
 
the
 
1950’s
 
thought
 
that
 
within
 
a
 
few
 
years
 
they
 
would
 
have
 
programs
 
that
 
can
 
do
 
effective
 
machine
 
translation
 
 –
 
we’re
 
still
 
waiting,
 
by
 
the
 
way!)
 
I
 
am
 
not
 
being
 
negative
 
towards
 
NLP.
 
I
 
myself 
 
work
 
in
 
language
 
processing.
 
Furthermore,
 
I
 
am
 
a
 
strong
 
believer
 
that
 
we
 
CAN
 
build
 
systems
 
that
 
understand
 
ordinary
 
spoken
 
language.
 
However,
 
I
 
believe
 
the
 
problem
 
is
 
much
 
more
 
difficult
 
than
 
some
 
think,
 
and
 
I
 
believe
 
we
 
are
 
still
 
far
 
from
 
achieving
 
that
 
monumental
 
challenge.
 
What
 
we
 
can
 
do
 
at
 
the
 
moment
 
is
 
understand
 
what
 
a
 
piece
 
of 
 
text
 
is
 
“about”
 
 –
 
that
 
is,
 
what
 
the
 
subject
 
matter
 
of 
 
a
 
piece
 
of 
 
text
 
is,
 
what
 
are
 
the
 
key
 
topics,
 
and
 
what
 
(named)
 
entities
 
are
 
being
 
mentioned
 
and
 
what
 
are
 
their
 
types
 
(people
 
vs.
 
products,
 
organizations,
 
brands,
 
companies,
 
locations,
 
etc.)
 
Even
 
this
 
simple
 
task,
 
has
 
not
 
been
 
perfected,
 
but
 
there
 
are
 
systems
 
that
 
do
 
a
 
very
 
good
 
 job
 
(incidentally,
 
we
 
at
 
Pragmatech
 
 just
 
finished
 
the
 
construction
 
of 
 
one
 
such
 
system
 
that
 
we
 
believe
 
is
 
the
 
best
 
in
 
this
 
regard.)
 
If 
 
the
 
relatively
 
simple
 
task
 
of 
 
understanding
 
what
 
a
 
certain
 
piece
 
of 
 
text
 
is
 
about
 
has
 
not
 
been
 
perfected,
 
it
 
is
 
beyond
 
my
 
comprehension
 
to
 
hear
 
some
 
speak
 
of 
 
sentiment
 
analysis.
 
Sentiment
 
analysis
 
is
 
actually
 
much
 
harder
 
than
 
understanding
 
simple
 
ordinary
 
spoken
 
language,
 
which,
 
as
 
I
 
argued
 
above
 
is
 
a
 
problem
 
that
 
we
 
are
 
far
 
from
 
solving
 
(recall
 
the
 
corner
 
table
 
that
 
wants
 
a
 
beer!)
 
To
 
make
 
the
 
point
 
that
 
no
 
serious
 
sentiment
 
analysis
 
can
 
at
 
this
 
point
 
be
 
done,
 
I
 
will
 
have
 
to
 
refer
 
to
 
a
 
famous
 
diplomat,
 
known
 
the
 
world
 
over.
 
I
 
recall
 
once
 
hearing
 
Henry
 
Kissinger
 
saying
 
(I
 
believe
 
in
 
an
 
interview
 
with
 
Charlie
 
Rose):
 
“the
 
US
 
is
 
the
 
worst
 
place
 
to
 
live
 
in,
 
until
 
you
 
try
 
living
 
anywhere
 
else”.
 
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