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OptiX RTN 900 V100R002 Product Description

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Copyright 2006 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved.

About This Document

The OptiX RTN 900 is a new generation split microwave transmission system developed by Huawei. It can provide a solution that is integrated

with the TDM microwave, Hybrid microwave, and


Packet microwave based on the network requirements. RTN 900 V1R1 support pure packet microwave, and RTN 900 V1R2 support TDM microwave and Hybrid microwave.

This course introduces the evolution process of


microwave products and the packet microwave features, functions, hardware features, and version matching of the RTN 900 V1R2. Through this course, you can have a general understanding about the RTN 900 V1R2.

Copyright 2006 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved.

Page 1

Related Information
OptiX RTN 900 V100R002 Product Manual Product Description

Copyright 2006 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved.

Page 2

Objectives
After learning this course, you should be familiar with: Evolution of microwave products Microwave features of the OptiX RTN 900 V100R002 Functions of the OptiX RTN 900 V100R002 Hardware features of the OptiX RTN 900 V100R002 Version matching of the OptiX RTN 900 V100R002

Copyright 2006 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved.

Page 3

Contents

1.

Development of the IP RAN and Evolution of Microwave Transmission

2. 3. 4. 5.

Features of Packet Microwave Features and Functions Hardware Version Matching

Copyright 2006 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved.

Page 4

Advent of the IP Age


Mobile Evolution Mobile Backhaul
BTS

2000 1X DL:153.6k UL:153.6k

EV-DO(R0) DL:2.4M UL:153.6k

EV-DO(RA) DL:3.1M UL:1.8M

EV-DO(RB) DL:6.2-73.5M UL:3.6-27M

LTE DL:100M UL:50M

2 Gbit/s
R99/R4 DL:384k UL:384k

CDMA2000
HSDPA(R5) DL:14.4M UL:384k HSUPA(R6) DL:14.4M UL:5.76M HSPA+(R7) DL:43M UL:11.5M LTE(R8) DL:100M UL:50M

WCDMA

BSC

RNC

aGW

TDM/ATM

TDM/ATM/Eth.

ALL IP
X2

X2

BTS

BTS

NodeB

NodeB

NodeB

eNodeB

eNodeB eNodeB

2G -> 3G -> 3G+ ->LTE, the backhaul of mobile base stations evolves from TDM to IP. Microwave transport networks evolve from the traditional TDM microwave network to the packet microwave network.
Copyright 2006 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved. Page 5

Three Microwave Forms


IDU
Real-time
TDM
ETH Native EOS
TDM based

Real-time Real-time Real-time

TDM Microwave: PDH microwave is used for access; SDH microwave is used for convergence. Ethernet services are transmitted in the space through the EOS technology. It supports the fixed modulation scheme from QPSK to 128QAM, and features small capacity. It is used in 2G and early stages of 3G networks. Hybrid Microwave: Native TDM + Native Ethernet It supports the modulation scheme from QPSK to 256QAM and the AM function, and features high bandwidth. It is used in scenarios where TDM and IP networks coexist at the initial stage of the transition from 2G networks to 3G networks. At this stage, voice services are primary and data services are secondary among mobile services. Adding the packet switching capability to the original TDM microwave equipment is undoubtedly the preferred solution at the transition stage of the mobile transport network evolution. In this way, investment in original equipment can be protected and existing voice services can be transported. Packet Radio: It is pure packet microwave. It supports the modulation scheme from QPSK to 256QAM and the AM function, and features high bandwidth. It is used at the All-IP stage of 3G networks. The pure packet microwave is the best choice for a carrier who needs to build a new mobile IP transport network.

TDM in air
IDU
Real-time
TDM Native ETH Native
TDM

Real-time
Packet

Hybrid in air

IDU
TDM PW ETH
Packet based

Packet in air
Copyright 2006 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved. Page 6

Evolution of Microwave Transmission Network

When microwave transport networks evolve towards packet transport networks inevitably, it is a most cost-effective solution for carriers to evolve microwave transport networks from

traditional TDM microwave networks to hybrid microwave networks, and then to pure packet
microwave networks. This solution combines strengths such as protecting investment in existing networks, flexible upgrade, and compatibility. If carriers need to build new mobile IP transport networks, the best choice is to use advanced pure packet microwave equipment to transport future All IP services.

Copyright 2006 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved.

Page 7

Huawei's Microwave Solutions


Pure Packet microwave Hybrid microwave TDM/MSTP microwave Future-oriented

High Efficiency Networklized

R1
RTN 605

R3

R1/R2
RTN 620

R3 R1 R2 R3

RTN 910/950

Copyright 2006 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved.

Page 8

Contents

1.

Development of IP RAN and Evolution of Microwave Transmission

2. 3. 4. 5.

Features of Packet Microwave Features and Functions Hardware Version Matching

Copyright 2006 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved.

Page 9

Radio Link Forms

The OptiX RTN 900 V1R2 provides the radio links of different forms by flexibly configuring different IF boards and ODUs to meet the requirements of different microwave application scenarios. Different radio link forms of OptiX RTN 900 V1R2 support different types of microwaves. The radio link form of the TDM microwave supports the PDH microwave and the SDH microwave. The radio link form of the Hybrid microwave support the Hybrid microwave.
1.

The PDH microwave refers to the microwave that transmits only the PDH services (mainly, the E1 services). During the transmission, the PDH microwave does not change the features of the PDH services. The SDH microwave refers to the microwave that transmits SDH services. During the transmission, the SDH microwave does not change the features of the SDH services. The Hybrid microwave refers to the microwave that transmits native E1 services and native Ethernet services in hybrid mode. The Hybrid microwave supports the AM function. During the transmission, the Hybrid microwave does not change the features of the E1 services and Ethernet services.

2.

3.

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TDM Microwave

The PDH microwave refers to the microwave that transmits only the PDH services (mainly, the E1 services). During the transmission, the PDH microwave does not change the features of the PDH services. Unlike the conventional PDH microwave equipment, the RTN 900 V1R2 has a built-in MADM. The MADM grooms the E1 services to the microwave port for further transmission. Thus, the services can be groomed flexibly and seamless convergence between the optical network and the microwave network is achieved. The SDH microwave refers to the microwave that transmits SDH services. During the transmission, the SDH microwave does not change the features of the SDH services. Unlike the conventional SDH microwave equipment, the RTN 900 V1R2 has a built-in MADM. The MADM grooms services to the microwave port through cross-connections, maps the services into the STM-1-based microwave frames, and then transmits the STM-1-based microwave frames. Thus, the services can be groomed flexibly and seamless convergence between the optical network and the microwave network is achieved.
Copyright 2006 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved. Page 11

The Capacity of TDM Microwave


Channel Spacing (MHz) Modulation Mode Service Capacity (Mbit/s)

7 3.5 14 (13.75) 7 28 (27.5) 14 (13.75) 14 (13.75) 14 (13.75) 28 (27.5)

QPSK 16QAM QPSK 16QAM QPSK 16QAM 32QAM 64QAM 16QAM

4xE1 4xE1 8xE1 8xE1 16xE1 16xE1 22xE1 26xE1 35xE1

Copyright 2006 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved.

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The Capacity of TDM Microwave (Cont.)


Channel Spacing (MHz) Modulation Mode Service Capacity (Mbit/s)

28 (27.5) 28 (27.5) 28 (27.5) 28 (27.5) 14 (13.75)

32QAM 64QAM 128QAM QPSK 16QAM

44xE1 53xE1 1xSTM-1 1xE3 1xE3

If the radio link form is the SDH/PDH microwave, the maximum capacity of each channel of microwave is STM-1.

Copyright 2006 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved.

Page 13

Hybrid Microwave

The Hybrid microwave refers to the microwave that transmits native E1 services and native Ethernet services in hybrid mode. The Hybrid microwave supports the AM function. During the transmission, the Hybrid microwave does not change the features of the E1 services and Ethernet services.

The RTN 900 V1R2 has a built-in MADM and a packet processing platform. The MADM transmits E1 services that are accessed locally or extracted from the SDH to the microwave port. After processing the accessed Ethernet services in the unified manner, the packet processing platform transmits the Ethernet services to the microwave port. The microwave port maps the E1 services and the Ethernet services into Hybrid microwave frames and then transmits the Hybrid microwave frames.
Copyright 2006 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved. Page 14

Service Transmission Mode


The Hybrid microwave defines different types of Hybrid microwave frames for different working modes. The accessed E1 services and Ethernet services are multiplexed into the same Hybrid microwave frame, and then transmitted to the ODU through the IF interface after IF coding and modulation. The E1 services and the Ethernet services are transmitted to the remote end through the microwave after the up-conversion. The features of the Hybrid microwave frame are as follows: The frames with a fixed period are used for transmission. In the specific modulation mode or channel spacing, the length of Hybrid microwave frames remains unchanged. The E1 services in Hybrid microwave frames occupy a fixed bandwidth (when N E1 services are transmitted, the bandwidth of N E1 services is occupied). Thus, the Hybrid microwave does not change the features of the E1 services during transmission. In Hybrid microwave frames, the Ethernet services occupy the remaining bandwidth of the E1 services. The encapsulation adaptation processing of the Ethernet frames is performed, so the Hybrid microwave does not change the features of the Ethernet services during transmission.

The hybrid transmission of native E1 services and native Ethernet services in the Hybrid microwave is supported.
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Capacity of the Hybrid Microwave Service


Channel Spacing (MHz) 7 7 7 7 7 7 14 (13.75) 14 (13.75) 14 (13.75) Modulation Mode QPSK 16QAM 32QAM 64QAM 128QAM 256QAM QPSK 16QAM 32QAM Service Capacity (Mbit/s) 10 20 25 32 38 44 20 42 51 Maximum Number of E1s in Services 5 10 12 15 18 21 10 20 24 Port Throughput (Mbit/s) 9~11 19~23 24~29 31~37 39~44 43~51 20~23 41~48 50~59

Copyright 2006 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved.

Page 16

Capacity of the Hybrid Microwave Service (Cont.)


Channel Spacing (MHz) 14 (13.75) 14 (13.75) 14 (13.75) 28 (27.5) 28 (27.5) 28 (27.5) 28 (27.5) 28 (27.5) 28 (27.5) Modulation Mode 64QAM 128QAM 256QAM QPSK 16QAM 32QAM 64QAM 128QAM 256QAM Service Capacity (Mbit/s) 66 78 90 42 84 105 133 158 183 Maximum Number of E1s in Services 31 37 43 20 40 50 64 75 75 Port Throughput (Mbit/s) 65~76 77~90 90~104 41~48 84~97 108~125 130~150 160~180 180~210

Copyright 2006 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved.

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Capacity of the Hybrid Microwave Service (Cont.)


Channel Spacing (MHz) 56 (55) 56 (55) 56 (55) 56 (55) 56 (55) 56 (55)

Modulatio n Mode QPSK 16QAM 32QAM 64QAM 128QAM 256QAM

Service Capacity (Mbit/s) 84 168 208 265 313 363

Maximum Number of E1s in Services 40 75 75 75 75 75

Port Throughput (Mbit/s) 84~97 170~190 210~240 260~310 310~360 360~420

If the radio link form is the Hybrid microwave, the maximum capacity of each channel of microwave is 363 Mbit/s when the high power ODU is used or 183 Mbit/s when the standard power ODU is used. If the XPIC technology is used, the service capacity of the microwave channel can be doubled with same the spectrum bandwidth.

Copyright 2006 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved.

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Modulation Modes
The TDM microwave only supports fixed modulation. The Hybrid microwave supports fixed modulation and adaptive modulation (AM). The fixed modulation refers to a modulation scheme wherein a modulation scheme is adopted invariably when the radio link is running. When the fixed modulation is adopted, the modulation scheme can be configured through software. A modulation scheme can range from QPSK to 256QAM. The AM is a technology through which the modulation scheme can be adjusted automatically according to the channel quality. When the AM is adopted, the lowest modulation mode (also called reference mode) and highest modulation scheme (also called nominal mode) can be configured through software. Fixed Modulation Adaptive Modulation

Capacity
QPSK

Capacity

256QAM 128QAM 64QAM

99.9%
HSPA

256QAM 128QAM 16QAM 64QAM 32QAM Outage: 525.60min QPSK

Voice

99.95% 99.99%

Outage: 262.80min Outage: 52.56min Outage: 26.28min Outage: 10.51min Outage: 5.25min

HSPA

Fixed Bandwidth
99.999% Outage: 5.25min

99.995% 99.998% 99.999%


GSM

GSM

TDM radio

Time

Packet radio Page 19

Time

Copyright 2006 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved.

AM Technology
Through the AM technology, the Hybrid microwave uses a high-efficiency modulation scheme when the channel is of better quality. Hence, more user services can be transmitted and thus the transmission efficiency and spectrum utilization are improved. When the quality of the channel is degraded, the Hybrid microwave uses the low-efficiency modulation scheme, in which only the services of a high priority are transmitted. Hence, the anti-interference capability of links is enhanced and availability of the links on which the high-priority services are transmitted is ensured. E1 services are of the highest priority in the AM-based Hybrid microwave transmission. Ethernet services are classified into flows of different priorities based on the CoS technology. When the Hybrid microwave uses the lowest-efficiency modulation scheme, the equipment transmits E1 services only (if the service bandwidth is higher than the total bandwidth of the E1 services, the Ethernet services of a high priority can be transmitted). When the Hybrid microwave uses other modulation schemes, the increased bandwidth can be used to transmit Ethernet services. In this case, availability of the links on which the E1 services and Ethernet services of a high priority are transmitted can be ensured and the capacity for transmitting Ethernet services increases.

Copyright 2006 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved.

Page 20

AM Implementation
Before switching
When the SNR value received at the receive end is lower than the threshold, the receive end transmits quality degradation indication signals to the AM engine. The AM engine at the receive end places switching indication signals to the overheads of a Hybrid microwave frame. The switching indication signals are transmitted to the local end through the transmit path. The IF unit at the transmit end processes IF signals, and transmits the switching indication signals of the AM to the AM engine. The AM engine transmits the switching indication signals to the service signal processing unit and the IF signal modulation unit, indicating that the service signal processing unit and the IF signal modulation unit complete the switching of service frames and the change of modulation schemes after frame N.

After the modulation scheme changes, After the bandwidth of E1 services does not switching change. The Ethernet services with higher priorities are multiplexed into microwave frames based on the QoS. Thus, the remaining bandwidth of the microwave frames is used to transmit the Ethernet services with lower priorities. Due to the switching to the low modulation scheme, the bandwidth of the Ethernet services that are multiplexed into the multiplex unit becomes low, and the bandwidth of the Hybrid microwave frames also becomes low.

Copyright 2006 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved.

Page 21

AM Features

Prepare to Switch to 64QAM 32QAM

64QAM 32QAM

32QAM Massage 64QAM Message

Detected Detected SNR SNR decrease Increased d

Modulation 32QAM 64QAM

Bandwidth 28MHz 28MHz

Capacity 100 M 150 M

The AM technology can use the QPSK, 16QAM, 32QAM, 64QAM, 128QAM, and 256QAM modulation schemes. The lowest modulation scheme (also called reference mode) and highest modulation scheme (also called nominal mode) can be configured. When the modulation schemes of the AM are switched, the transmit frequency, receive frequency, and channel spacing do not change. When the AM modulation scheme is switched, the step by step mode is adopted. When the AM switches the modulation scheme, the services with a low priority are discarded but no bit errors or slips occur in the services with a high priority. The speed of switching the modulation scheme meets the requirement for no bit error in the case of 100 dB/s fast fading.

Copyright 2006 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved.

Page 22

Hybrid Microwave Application


256QAM@14 MHz: 100M

All priority 128QAM@28 MHz: 180M 256QAM@28MHz: 200M NodeB


256QAM@14 MHz: 100M

NodeB Low Priority


User 1 User 2 User 3

NodeB

All priority

Mobile VoIP Video Internet

NodeB

User n

The Hybrid microwave ensures the service reliability and optimizes the service capacity through the hybrid transmission of E1 services and Ethernet services, AM, and Ethernet QoS control.
Copyright 2006 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved. Page 23

RTN 900V1R2 Microwave link


Radio Link Form Type of the System Control, CrossConnect, and Timing Board Type of the IF Board Modulation Mode Channel Spacing AM Function Protection function TDM radio link Hybrid radio link Hybrid radio link that supports the XPIC

CST/CSH

CSH

CSH

IF1

IFU2

IFX2

QPSK/16QAM/32QAM/64Q QPSK/16QAM/32QAM/64 QPSK/16QAM/32QAM/6 AM/128QAM QAM/128QAM/256QAM 4QAM/128QAM/256QAM 3.5MHz/7MHz/14MHz/28M Hz No support 1+1 HSB/FD/SD, N+1 37MHz/14MHz/28MHz/56 MHz support 1+1HSB/FD/SD, N+1 support 28MHz/56MHz support XPIC, 1+1 HSB/FD/SD, N+1 support

Ethernet supported or No support not

Copyright 2006 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved.

Page 24

Contents

1.

Development of IP RAN and Evolution of Microwave Transmission

2. 3. 4. 5.

Features of Packet Microwave Features and Functions Hardware Version Matching

Copyright 2006 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved.

Page 25

Value of the OptiX RTN 900 (I)


Product Package

OptiX RTN 900 V100R002


The OptiX RTN 900 V100R002 is a new-generation hybrid/TDM MW transmission product developed by Huawei on the basis of the universal platform that integrates TDM, Hybrid, and Packet. This product supports features such as AM, synchronous Ethernet, Ethernet ring, and air interface LAG. Huawei is the only supplier that provides the MW transmission product integrating TDM, Hybrid, and Packet in the industry.

Smooth evolution: The universal platform supports the smooth evolution of TDM -> Hybrid -> Pure Packet. Hybrid ring protection: Hybrid ring protection is implemented by jointly using the E1 SNCP and Ethernet ring protection switching (ERPS). The E1 SNCP and ERPS are independent of each other. XPIC: When the XPIC and CCDP technologies are used, the transmitter transmits two electromagnetic waves whose polarization directions are orthogonal to each other to the receiver over the same channel. The receiver recovers the original two channels of signals after eliminating the interference between the two electromagnetic waves through the XPIC technology. In this manner, the transmission capacity is doubled.
Page 26

Features

Copyright 2006 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved.

Value of the OptiX RTN 900 (II)


Product Package OptiX RTN 900 V100R002
. Eight QoS levels: Each Ethernet port supports eight levels of priority queue scheduling, that is, eight standard PHBs: BE, AF1, AF2, AF3, AF4, EF, CS6, and CS7.

Modulation scheme: QPSK-256QAM (7 MHz to 56 MHz). It supports two modulation modes: fixed modulation and adaptive modulation (AM). AM dynamically works with QoS to ensure fine service quality. Synchronous Ethernet: compliant with ITU-T G.8261, 8262, and 8264. The locked state is accurate to be smaller than 50 ppb, which meets the requirement. Dynamic or static MW routing configuration of E2E OAM&P and E2E enhances the flexibility of MW networks and reduces the cost for maintenance. Network-level protection schemes such as ERPS and MSTP are supported. The OptiX RTN 910 is built in with a packet processing platform with an exchange capacity of 4.2 Gbit/s. The OptiX RTN 950 is built in with a packet processing platform with an exchange capacity of 10 Gbit/s.
Page 27

Features

Copyright 2006 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved.

Overview of Main Features


Main Features of the OptiX RTN 900 V100R002
Service Capability
Large capacity: 156E1, 1.6G Multi-service access capability (E1/FE/GE/STM-1)

Data Capability
QoS queues of eight priorities E-LINE E-LAN Multi-protection function: (LAG/MSTP/ERPS) Ethernet Clock Synchronization

RF Capability

O&M

Protection
LMSP, SNCP ERPS, LAG, MSTP Power supply 1+1 hot backup Control, switching, and clock board 1+1 hot backup

Same ODU in all Eth OAM scenarios (QPSK -> 802.3ah 256QAM integration) 802.1ag Microwave type (TDM microwave, Hybrid microwave) AM function XPIC 1+1, N+1

Integrated Platform for TDM, Hybrid, and Packet Networks

Copyright 2006 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved.

Page 28

System Capacity
Maximum Service Capacity TDM service capacity over air interface Hybrid service capacity over air interface Description

1xSTM1

IF1 board

363 Mbit/s 183 Mbit/s

High power ODU Standard power ODU

Cross-connect capacity

Full time-division cross-connections at the VC-12, VC-3, or VC-4 level, which OptiX RTN 950 are equivalent to 32x32 VC-4s Full time-division cross-connections at the VC-12, VC-3, or VC-4 level, which OptiX RTN 910 are equivalent to 8x8 VC-4s 10 Gbit/s 4.2 Gbit/s OptiX RTN 950 OptiX RTN 910

Switching capacity

Copyright 2006 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved.

Page 29

Ethernet Access Capacity


Equipment Switching capacity Service type Number of services Number of VLAN tags Number of traffic classifications Packet length Size of MAC address table OptiX RTN 910 4.2 Gbit/s ELINE, ELAN 1024 4094 1024 1518-9600 16KB OptiX RTN 950 10 G bit/s ELINE, ELAN 1024 4094 1024 1518-9600 16KB

Copyright 2006 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved.

Page 30

QoS Solution
End to end QoS deployment
OptiX RTN 900

Core
P P OptiX RTN 900

NodeB NodeB

P
NodeB NodeB

P
BTS

NodeB 1

Voice VoIP Video Internet

UNI:

NodeB 2 Identification by user NodeB 3 Identification by service NodeB n Per user-service QOS assurance

Type-based hierarchical service assurance: fine scheduling of multiple services per BS/user/user group to ensure the QoS Maximizing business values: fine bandwidth control to make full use of network resources, containing more users Network side: control over the DS-TE (a rigid channel similar to the SDH VC) based on planning
Page 31

Copyright 2006 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved.

VLAN Nesting (QinQ)


Background

The existing 4K CVLAN tags are insufficient for service planning. VLAN IDs are conflicted between convergence services and between the services traversing a third-party network. The transmission department of the carrier is separate from the wireless department, and it is difficult for the transmission department to work with the wireless department for VLAN planning.

Values and Highlights

1 2 3 4

The network configuration and maintenance are simplified. VLAN resources are extended for the carrier.

Application Scenario
CVLAN=1

Scenario requirement: (1) CVLAN conflicts on the BS side should be avoided.

Packets on the customer's network are protected.


The VLAN customization capability for the carrier is provided.

CVLAN=2 CVLAN=3

SVLAN=1 Microwave/Optical ring

CVLAN=1

SVLAN=2

RNC

CVLAN=2

CVLAN=5

1. VLAN conflicts are avoided on the NodeB side. 2. The transmission department can complete VLAN planning independently. 3. The service configuration workload is reduced. Page 32

Copyright 2006 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved.

Synchronous Ethernet
Application Scenario 2

Scenario requirement (1) The packet network transmits backhual 2G/3G wireless services. (2) Clock frequency synchronization is provided for 2G/3G wireless services.

Scenario description (1) In the case of 3G services, only clock synchronization is required for technologies such as WCDMA. (2) In this case, the synchronous Ethernet technology can be adopted to transmit clock information. The difference between the synchronous Ethernet technology and the ACR mode is that the clock information is stored at the physical layer in the synchronous Ethernet technology but is stored in services in ACR mode.

Values and Highlights

Synchronization of the entire wireless network


E1
0 1 2

Acceptable cost because no additional configuration is required High synchronization precision Free from the impacts of the network load

The gateway equipment adopts the BITS clock as the primary clock reference source.

2 Time

BT TimeS FE NodeB

T1/E1

BITS
0 1 2 Time

PSN network

cSTM1

2 Time

GE BSC/RNC FE

NodeB
0 1 2 Time

Clock information is transmitted to the streams at the Ethernet physical layer at one end of an Ethernet link and is extracted at the other end of the Ethernet link. Then the clock information is transmitted level by level.

Copyright 2006 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved.

Page 33

E-Line Service
The E-Line service is a point-to-point service form on the topology. The equipment transmits the packets or VLAN packets on a specified port on the user side to a port on the user side or network side or to the QinQ link on the network side, thus implementing point-to-point transparent transmission of user data. According to transmission modes, E-Line services are classified into the following types: (1) UNI-UNI Ethernet service (2) UNI-NNI Ethernet service carried on a port (3) UNI-NNI Ethernet service carried on a QinQ link

Copyright 2006 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved.

Page 34

E-LAN Service
The E-LAN service is a multipoint-to-multipoint service form on the topology. The equipment forwards packets or VLAN packets on a specified port from the user side to multiple ports or to a PW or QinQ link on the network side, thus implementing multipoint-to-multipoint transparent transmission of user data. On the network side, the Ethernet services can be transmitted on a port or QinQ link. The QinQ link bearer means that an S-VLAN tag of the transport network is added to packets with the C-VLAN tag on the network of the user side, and thus the packets are labeled with two VLAN tags when traversing the transport network. This provides a simple L2VPN tunnel for users. With regard to the services carried on a QinQ link, the QoS can be ensured by configuring the QinQ policy.
MAC1 MAC1/2 MAC2 FE: VLAN1 MAC1/2 VLAN MAC1/2/3/4 1

MAC3/4
BTS/NodeB MAC1 E-LAN1 (region 1) FE: VLAN1

VLAN 2

BTS/NodeB MAC2 BSC/RNC MAC4 FE: VLAN2 E-LAN2 (region 2) BTS/NodeB MAC3

FE: No VLAN

MAC3 MAC3/4

BSC/RNC MAC5

BTS/NodeB MAC4

Add VLAN2

MAC4

Copyright 2006 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved.

Page 35

MSTP
The

Multiple Spanning Tree Protocol (MSTP) is adopted for network loops. MSTP adopts an algorithm to prune a looped network to a tree network without loops, thus preventing the increase and infinite loop of packets on the looped network.
Broadcast storm happen

Broadcasting packet

X
Shut down one port, ring broken, broadcast storm stop. Normally, to avoid Ethernet The link which shut ring, logically downthis link isis logically shut reactived, Ring down protection happen

One link has physical faults

X X

Copyright 2006 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved.

Page 36

ERPS

Ethernet ring protection switching (ERPS) is applicable to ring physical networks. The ERPS protects the E-LAN services between various nodes on the ring. After a ring network adopts Ethernet ring protection, normally, the owner node blocks the port on one side on the ring to transmit services on the port of the other side, thus preventing service loops. When a link or an NE on the ring is faulty, the owner node unblocks its upstream port to transmit services on the faulty link or NE, thus implementing ring network protection.

Scenario Description
The RPL owner prevents services from entering the RPL. Service channel after switching Activate a protection Ring link and perform ring protection link protection switching

1. Select the shortest path from the service channels between microwave stations on the ring. 2. Specify a ring protection link that projects any microwave link on the ring. 3. Any faulty microwave link on the ring can activate the ring protection link. 4. A link fault on the ring can be rectified through automatic or manual switching.

Values of the ERPS

X
The link fault Service is rectified. channel Any link is faulty.

Service Microwav channel after e ring switching The service channel is recovered to the status before switching.

Spectrum resources in microwave networking are saved. Ethernet services on the entire network are protected. High switching performance is supported. The ring switching time is 200 ms. Compared with 1+1 protection, less equipment is used in ring network protection, thus minimizing networking investments. Page 37

Copyright 2006 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved.

LAG (IEEE 802.3ad)

One or more Ethernet links are aggregated to form an link aggregation (LAG) so that the MAC customer regards the LAG as one link.
How to transmit 300 Mbit/s services on a 200 Mbit/s air interface?

100 Mbit/s microwave link 1 0 Mbit/s microwave link 1


100 Mbit/s microwave link 2 150 Mbit/s microwave link 2 100 Mbit/s microwave link 3 150 Mbit/s microwave link 3

Main functions: 1. Increasing the link capacity 2. Improving link availability

Multiple microwave links form a larger logical pipe.

Scenario requirement: Multiple links exist between two stations.

Load sharing by the LAG


LAG

Microwave/Opti cal ring

Scenario description (1) When the traffic of one service exceeds the transmission bandwidth of one physical link, the service can be transmitted on multiple links through traffic sharing. (2) Links work in mutual protection mode.

Values and Highlights


Port protection by the LAG
RNC

1 2

Links on the user side/air interface side are protected. Multiple microwave links are aggregated to form one logical link, thus increasing the bandwidth of the logical link. Page 38

Copyright 2006 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved.

XPIC TechnologyUp to 800 Mbit/s AirInterface Capacity


56 MHz

400 400

400 400

One frequency point can transmit two-channel signals.

Transmission capacity supported by one frequency point:

2x400 Mbit/s

Large-capacity Ethernet transmission

The XPIC technology supports a single frequency point to transmit two-channel signals, thus doubling the usage of spectrum resources. Up to 800 Mbit/s Ethernet throughput per carrier frequency is implemented. The large-capacity transmission requirement of data services is met.

Copyright 2006 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved.

Page 39

AMIncreasing the Bandwidth by Four Times


256QAM

Voice 99.999% Data Voice Data


Encapsulation Element in Network Planning

128QAM
64QAM 32QAM 16QAM QPSK

EOS 7G 30.6 km 28 Mbit/s QPSK 40 Mbit/s

Packet 7G 30.6 km 28 Mbit/s 128QAM 200 Mbit/s

99.99%

99.9%

Voice Data
Real-time service Non-real-time service

Modulation scheme

Band Distance Bandwidth Modulation scheme Transmission capacity

AM

Important feature of the packet microwave: The modulation scheme can be automatically changed according to the transmission conditions of the air interface, thus ensuring high-level service transmission. Increasing the bandwidth by four times on sunny days: Under the same conditions, the OptiX RTN equipment can support the 200 Mbit/s capacity but the EOS of the TMD can support only the 40 Mbit/s capacity. Eight QoS levels on rainy days: The monitoring mechanism ensures the fine and hierarchical service transmission.
Page 40

Copyright 2006 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved.

Ethernet OAM
Background
IP-based

networks cater for the development trend. Different from SDH services, Ethernet services do not have the operation, management, or maintenance capabilities. There are no methods or tools to rapidly and easily locate service link faults. There are requirements for detecting the faults and performance of point-to-point Ethernet physical links between two pieces of directly connected equipment in the last mile.

Scenario description

(1) CC: Link status and one-way connectivity are detected in real time. (2) LB: Single-end location or detection is performed, and two-way connectivity is detected. (3) LT: Faults are located on site. (4) 802.3ah: The performance of the physical link in the last mile is monitored and faults are located.

ME A

Access

Core

ME D
Access

RNC

802.3ah

IEEE 802.1ag

802.3ah

Copyright 2006 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved.

Page 41

Clock Feature

Supporting the trace mode, hold-over mode, and free-run mode, which complies
with the ITU-T G.813 standard

Supporting the line clock source, tributary clock source, microwave clock source, synchronous Ethernet clock source, and external clock signals

Supporting the SSM protocol and the extended SSM protocol. SSM information can be transmitted with the synchronous Ethernet and external clock signals through the SDH line and microwave.

Supporting re-timing of tributaries Supporting the synchronous Ethernet function

Copyright 2006 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved.

Page 42

License Strategy for the OptiX RTN 900

Copyright 2006 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved.

Page 43

Contents

1.

Development of IP RAN and Evolution of Microwave Transmission

2. 3. 4. 5.

Features of Packet Microwave Features and functions Hardware Version matching

Copyright 2006 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved.

Page 44

Hardware Features of the OptiX RTN 900 V1R2IDU


The IDUs of the OptiX RTN 910 and OptiX RTN 950 adopt the card plug-in design. The OptiX RTN 910 and OptiX RTN 950 can provide different functions by configuring different types of boards.

RTN 910 IDU

1U Supports microwave in up to two directions. Supports the 1+1 protection (HSB/SD/FD). Supports the 2+0 configuration Support XPIC

RTN 950 IDU

2U Support microwave in up to six direction

Support the 1+1 protection (HSB/SD/FD)


Support N+0 (N5) Support N+1 (N 4) Support XPIC
Page 45

Copyright 2006 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved.

Hardware Features of the OptiX RTN 900 V1R2Boards


System Control and Cross-connect Switch Board
910

IF Board & Service Board


IFU2: Hybrid IF Board IFX2: Hybrid XPIC IF Board IF1: TDM IF Board

CSHA: 16*E1+2*FE+2*GE

CSHB: 32*E1+2*FE+2*GE EM6T: 4xFE (RJ45)+2xGE(RJ45) Board CSHC: 16*E1+2*STM-1+2*FE+2*GE

EM6F: 4xFE (RJ45)+2xGE(SFP) Board


SP3S: 16xE1 Board

CSTA: 16*E1+2*STM-1 SP3D: 32xE1 Board 950 SL1D: 2xSTM-1(O) Board AUX :Assistant Channel Interface Board (Only for RTN 950) CSH: Hybrid System Control and Cross-connect board

CST: TDM System Control and Cross- connect Board

Copyright 2006 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved.

Page 46

Hardware Features of the OptiX RTN 900 V1R2IDU 910


Paired slots 442 (width) x 220 (depth) x 44.45 (height) mm
Board Name CSHA(A/B) CSHB(A/B) CSHC(A/B) CSTA(A/B) IFU2 IFX2 IF1 EM6T EM6F Description 16*E1 (120-ohm/75-ohm)+2*FE(RJ45)+2*GE(RJ45) Hybrid control, switching, and timing board. 32*E1 (120-ohm /75-ohm)+2*FE(RJ45)+2*GE(RJ45) Hybrid control, switching, and timing board. 16*E1 (120-ohm /75-ohm)+2*STM-1(SFP)+2*FE(RJ45)+2*GE(SFP) Hybrid control, switching, and timing board. 16*E1 (120-ohm /75-ohm)+2*STM-1(SFP) TDM control, switching, and timing board. Hybrid IF board Hybrid XPIC IF board TDM IF board 4*FE(RJ45)+2*GE(RJ45) Ethernet interface board 4*FE(RJ45)+2*GE(SFP) Ethernet interface board Valid Slot Slot 1 and slot 2 Slot 1 and slot 2 Slot 1 and slot 2 Slot 1 and slot 2 Slot 3 and slot 4 Slot 3 and slot 4 Slot 3 and slot 4 Slot 3 and slot 4 Slot 3 and slot 4

SP3S(A/B)
SP3D(A/B) SL1D PIU FAN

16*E1 (120-ohm/75-ohm)tributary board


32*E1 (120-ohm/75-ohm) tributary board 2*STM-1 Optical interface board Power board FAN board

Slot 3 and slot 4


Slot 3 and slot 4 Slot 3 and slot 4 Slot 5 Slot 6

Each of the CSHA, CSHB, CSHC and CSTA boards occupies two slots. Each board occupies slot 1 and slot 2 at the same time. All the boards, except for the power board, support the hot plugging.

Copyright 2006 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved.

Page 47

Hardware Features of the OptiX RTN 900 V100R002IDU 910


1+0: One direction
PIU
Slot 5

FAN
Slot 6

Slot 3

IFU2/IFX2/IF1

Slot 4

Slot 1/2

CSHA/CSHB/CSHC/CSTA

PIU
Slot 5

FAN
Slot 6

Slot 3
Slot 1/2

IFX2

Slot 4

IFX2

CSHA/CSHB/CSHC/CSTA

1+1: One direction


PIU
Slot 5

FAN
Slot 6

Slot 3 Slot 1/2

IFU2/IFX2/IF1

Slot 4

IFU2/IFX2/IF1

CSHA/CSHB/CSHC/CSTA

1+0: Two direction


PIU
Slot 5

FAN
Slot 6

Slot 3

IFU2/IFX2/IF1

Slot 4

IFU2/IFX2/IF1

Slot 1/2

CSHA/CSHB/CSHC/CSTA
Page 48

Copyright 2006 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved.

Hardware Features of the OptiX RTN 900 V1R2IDU 950


Three groups of paired slots

442 (width) x 220 (depth) x 88.9 (height) (mm) Board Name CSH CST AUX IFU2 IFX2 IF1 EM6T EM6F SP3S(A/B) SP3D(A/B) SL1D PIU FAN Description Hybrid control, switching, and timing board. TDM control, switching, and timing board. Auxiliary interface board Hybrid IF board Hybrid XPIC IF board TDM IF board 4*FE(RJ45)+2*GE(RJ45) Ethernet interface board 4*FE(RJ45)+2*GE(SFP) Ethernet interface board 16*E1 (120-ohm/75-ohm)tributary board 32*E1 (120-ohm/75-ohm) tributary board 2*STM-1 Optical interface board Power board FAN board Valid Slot Slot 7 and slot 8 Slot 7 and slot 8 Slot 1~slot 6 Slot 1~slot 6 Slot 1~slot 6 Slot 1~slot 6 Slot 1~slot 6 Slot 1~slot 6 Slot 1~slot 6 Slot 1~slot 6 Slot 1~slot 6 Slot 9 and slot 10 Slot 11

Copyright 2006 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved.

Page 49

Interconnection of IF Boards
Air interface interconnection between the OptiX RTN 900 V100R002 and the OptiX RTN 600 V100R003
OptiX RTN 600 V100R003 OptiX RTN 900 V100R002 IF1 IFU2 IFX2 IF0 IF1 IFH1 (OptiX RTN 605) No Yes No IFH2 IFX

No No No

Yes No No

No Yes No

Yes No No

Air interface interconnection between the OptiX RTN 900 V100R002 and the OptiX RTN 900 V100R001
OptiX RTN 900 V100R001 OptiX RTN 900 V100R002 IF1 IFU2 IFX2 IFE2 IFU2 IFX2

No Yes (Only Pure ETH) No

No Yes (Only Pure ETH) No

No No Yes

The IFU2 can be interconnected with the IFE2 only in the case of pure Ethernet services. When E1 services are

transmitted with Ethernet services on the IFU2, the IFU2 cannot be interconnected with the IFE2.
The IF1 of the OptiX RTN 900 V100R002 works in 128QAM/28 MHz mode and can be interconnected with the IFX of

the OptiX RTN 600 V100R003.


The overall principles for air-interface interconnection are as follows: Boards with the same name can be

interconnected. Hybrid IF boards can be interconnected. TDM IF boards can be interconnected. Hybrid IF boards can be interconnected with packet IF boards when transmitting pure Ethernet services. Copyright 2006 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved. Page 50

Contents

1.

Development of IP RAN and Evolution of Microwave Transmission

2. 3. 4. 5.

Features of Packet Microwave Features and Functions Hardware Version Matching

Copyright 2006 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved.

Page 51

Version Matching
Matching of the NMS and Tools
Name
U2000 NMS

Description

Matched Version
V100R001C00

WEBLCT

Site commissioning tool

V100R002C00

DC

Upgrade tool

V200R007C02

Copyright 2006 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved.

Page 52

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