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Bernoulli, De Moivre, Laplace Gauss.
Laplace
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1,2,3,4,5,6.
1
2 1 2
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12


:

P ( A ) =

1.

1
;

:
=1
=6
:

P(1)=

1
6

:


P ( A ) P ( )
,
, :

P(A,)= P(A)+ P()

P(A) P()
,
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P ( A , ) = P ( A ) .P ( )

13

1.

3
() ;

:
) 1 2 ( 1+2=3)

) 2 1 ( 2+1=3)
2 .
1 P ( 1 ) =

1
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6

P(2)=

1
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6

1 2

.

P(1,2)=

1
6

1
6

= 36

2
1
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6
1
P ( 1 ) = .
6

P(2)=

2 1
.

P(2,1)=

1
6

1
6

= 36

P ( 1 , 2 ) P ( 2 , 1 )
(1+2) (2+1)
:

14
1
1
2
+
=
36 36 36

P(3)= P(1,2)+ P(2,1)=

2.
2 5;

2 : P ( 2 ) =

1
6

1 : P ( 1 ) =

1
6

2 5 :

P(2,5)= P(2)+ P(5)=

1 1
+
6 6

2
6

=3

3.
4;

4 : P ( 4 ) =
1
6

4
:

P(4)=

1
6

4 :

P(4,4)= P(4). P(4)=

1
6

1
1
=
6 36

4. 52

;

15
40

P ( 1 ) = 52 ( 40 12
52 ).
51
, . 39
12 .
:

P(2)=

39
51

P ( 1, 2) = P ( 1) . P ( 2) =
58,8%

.

40 . 39 1560
52 51 = 2652

= 0,588

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Peter Stoner, "Science
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16
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23

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26:16
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3.
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1
5

26:3 ,
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1
5

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26:14
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25
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10

6. .
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1
10

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26:14

;

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1
20

26

7
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:

P(1,2,3,4,5,6,7)= P(1).P(2).P(3).P(4).P(5).P(6).P(7) =
1.1.1. 1 . 1 . 1 . 1 =
1
3 5 5 500 10 10 20 75.000.000

1 75
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Peter Stoner, "Science Speaks", 11

,

27

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1.

1 75.000.000

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1. .
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28
; 1 4 .

P(1)=

1
4

2.
;
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1
5

3.
, ;

,
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,
1 100 . P ( 3 ) =

1
100

4.
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,
; 1 10 . P ( 4 ) =
1
10

5.
,

; 1 2 . P ( 5 ) =

1
2

5
, :

29

P (1,2,3,4,5) = P (1) . P (2) . P (3) . P ( 4) . P (5) =

1
1.1. 1 . 1 .1 =
4 5 100 10 2
4.10 4

3.

2:4,6

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47:5

( 600 ..)

4 :

1. .
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30

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1
5

(
);
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1
100

1 5 .

P(3)= 5

,
; 1 5 . P ( 4 ) =

1
5

4
:

P (1,2,3,4,) = P (1) . P (2) . P (3) . P ( 4) =

1
1. 1 .1.1 =
5 100 5 5
4.10 4

31

4.

6:26 ' ,
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4 :

. 1 2 .

P(1)=

1
2

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. P ( 3 ) =

1
10

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1
100

. 1 100 . P ( 3 ) =

1
100

4
:

P (1,2,3,4,) = P (1) . P (2) . P (3) . P ( 4) = 2 . 10 . 100

1

1
. 1 =
100
2.105

32

5.

44:1-3
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Science

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33
Kaiser Wilhelm

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1
100

34

31:38-40 , , ,

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35


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6
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26:31-33

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36

1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.

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1.

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10 . P ( 1 ) =

1
10

2.
.
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1
2

3.
1900
. 1 10 . P ( 3 ) =

1
10

4. ,
.
.
1 2 . P ( 4 ) =

1
2

5. , ,
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.
1 5 . P ( 5 ) =

1
5

37
6.
. ,

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. P ( 6 ) =

1
10

7.
,
;
.
1 10 . P ( 7 ) =

1
10

P (1,2,3,4,5,6,7) = P (1) . P ( 2) . P (3) . P ( 4) . P (5) . P ( 6) . P (7) =

1
1 .1. 1 .1.1. 1 . 1 =
10 2 10 2 5 10 10
2.105

26:8 ,

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9.

25:3-4 ,
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49:6
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:
1.
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1 10 . P ( 1 ) =

1
5

2.
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=
3.

1
10

.
1 10 . P ( 3 ) =

1
20

.
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.

39
:

P (1,2,3) = P (1) . P ( 2) . P (3) = 5 . 10 . 20

1

1
103

10.

49:16-18 ..
.. , .
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:
1. . 1 10 .
1

P ( 1 ) = 10
2. . 1 10 . P ( 2 ) =
1
10

3. . 1 10
. P ( 3 ) =

1
100

.
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Muhammadans 636 ..
.

40

National
Geographical
Society

.
:

P (1,2,3) = P (1) . P ( 2) . P (3) = 10 . 10 . 100

1

11.

1
10 4

13:19-21 ,

,

( 712 .. )
51:26,43
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( 600 .. )

1. . 1 10
. P ( 1 ) =

1
10

2. . 1 100 .
1

P ( 2 ) = 100
3. . 1
200 . P ( 3 ) =

1
200

4. . 1 10 .

41
1

P(4 = 5
5. . 1
10 . P ( 5 =

1
5

6. . 1
100 . P ( 6 ) =

1
100

7. . 1
10 . P ( 7 ) =

1
10

538 ..
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42

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.

:

P (1,2,3,4,5,6,7) = P (1) . P ( 2) . P (3) . P ( 4) . P (5) . P ( 6) . P (7) =

1
1 . 1 . 1 .1.1. 1 . 1 =
10 100 200 5 5 100 10
5.10 9

11
:

T :
:
:
:
:
:
:
:
M :
E :
B :

1 7.5 x 107
1 4 x 104
1 1.2 x 104
1 2 x 105
1 103
1 102
1 8 x 1010
1 2 x 105
1 103
1 104
1 5 x 109

11
, ,

:

43

P (1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10,11) =
P (1) . P (2) . P (3) . P (4) . P ( 5) . P (6) . P ( 7) . P (8) . P ( 9) . P (10) . P ( 11) =
1
1
1 .
1 . 1
.
.
7
4
4
7,5.10 4.10 1,2.10 2.105 103
1
1 . 1 . 1 . 1
5
4
9 =
3
5,76.1059
2.10 10 10 5.10

1 . 1
10 2 2.105

1
8.1010

50 .

.
,
.

: 1 5,76 x 10 5 9 .

5.76 5.

.
5 x 1059. ;
)
.

5 x 10 5 9

28
10
.
)

100

.

44
,
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100 ,
250 , 1000 ,
,
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100
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5 x 10 5 9
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2 x 10 5 .
1
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( 500
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45
6 (6 x 109
) .
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1 10157.

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2,5 .

2,5 . 250
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2,5
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1.500.000 .
1.500.000
300.000 km/sec.

, 7,5
.

, ;
300.000 km
.
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1.500.000 .

200.000.000 65.000
, 1,6

47

65.000 200
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300
.

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300
48
.


.

,
.

.
. "
".

49

1.

, . .

2.

"Science Speaks", Peter W. Stoner Chairman of the

Departments of Mathematics and Astronomy at
Pasadena City College until 1953; Chairman of the
science division, Westmont College, 1953-57; Professor
Emeritus of Science, Westmont College; Professor
Emeritus of Mathematics and Astronomy, Pasadena
City College.
ROBERT C. NEWMAN, S.T.M., Ph.D. in Astrophysics,
Cornell University, 1967; S.T.M., Biblical School of
Theology, 1972; Associate Professor of Physics and
Mathematics, Shelton College, 19689-71; Associate
professor of New Testament, Biblical School of
Theology, 1971-

3.

; .

4.

, HS
ROHRBACH (
)

5.

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" ", AUG. GRETILLAT