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OGY ON SYMPTOMS
a. TACHYCARDIA When the heart Fast heart Increase body CAD, ECG is normal Dizziness
beats rapidly rate temperature, cardiomyopat except that the Shortness
preload or Faster than stimulation of hy, damaged rate of heartbeat, of breath
afterload may 100bpm heart by heart valves, as determined
be negatively sympathetic older age, from the time Lightheadedn
affected, nerve, toxic genetics, intervals ess
causing the conditions of hyperthyroidi between QRS Rapid
heart to pump the heart. sm, sleep complexes, is heartbeat
blood less apnea, approximately Heart
efficiently. The electrolyte 150/min instead palpitations
increased imbalance, of 72/min. — a racing,
heartbeat leads hypertension uncomfortabl
to increased e or irregular
myocardial heartbeat or
oxygen a sensation of
demand, which "flopping" in
accounts for the the chest
shortness of Chest pain
breath felt Blackouts
during an acute Visual
coronary event. problems
Acute oxygen Fainting
deficiency leads (syncope
to angina;
chronic oxygen
deficiency
causes
ischaemic heart
disease and
may lead to
myocardial
infarction
c. INCOMPLETE when the rate of block results from Tachycardia, ECG is normal
INTRAVENTRICU the heart is impulse partial ischemia, except that the
LAR BLOCK- rapid, it conduction intraventricular myocarditis, rate of heartbeat,
ELECTRICAL may be in the block every or digitalis as determined
ALTERANS impossible for peripheral other heartbeat. toxicity from the time
some portions ventricular and many intervals
of the Purkinje Purkinje conditions that between QRS
system to system depress the complexes, is
recover from heart approximately
the previous 150/min instead
refractory of 72/min.
period
quickly enough
to respond
during every
succeeding
heartbeat
Reversible Permanent
Physiologic Idiopathic fibrosis
Heightened vagal tone (athletes, sleep apnea) Lev disease
Autonomic mediated Lenegre disease
Carotid sinus hypersensitivity Congenital
Neurocardiogenic syncope Congenital heart disease
Coronary artery disease Maternal systemic lupus erythematosus
Acute myocardial infarction Coronary artery disease
Angina (Prinzmetal) Acute myocardial infarction
Infectious disease Ischemic cardiomyopathy
Infective endocarditis Cardiomyopathy
Myocarditis Infiltrative disease
Viral, rickettsial, Lyme disease Amyloidosis
Rheumatic fever Sarcoidosis
Metabolic Hemochromatosis
Hyperkalemia Infectious disease
Hypermagnesemia Endocarditis
Addison disease Syphilis
Traumatic Tuberculosis
Catheter induced Chagas disease
Radiofrequency energy Collagen vascular disease
Surgery Systemic lupus erythematosus
Drug induced Rheumatoid arthritis
Digitalis Scleroderma
Blockers Traumatic
Calcium channel blockers Surgery
Class III antiarrhythmic agents Radiofrequency ablation
Class I antiarrhythmic agents Radiation
Adenosine Tumors
Lithium Mesothelioma
Rhabdomyoma
Hodgkin lymphoma
Melanoma
Neuromuscular disease
Myotonic dystrophy
Kearns-Sayre Syndrome
Erb dystrophy
X-linked muscular dystrophy
Peroneal muscular atrophy
Two pulses
BIGEMINAL close
PULSE together
ATRIAL FLUTTER the electrical Atrial flutter circus The P waves are
signal travels as causes a movement in strong because
a single rapid rate of the atria. of contraction
large wave contraction of
always in one of semicoordinate
direction around the atria, masses of
and around usually muscle.
the atrial between However,
muscle mass 200 and 350 note in the
beats per record that a
minute. QRS-T complex
follows an
atrial P wave
only once for
every two to
three beats of
the atria, giving
a 2:1 or 3:1
rhythm.
The hypoxia no cessation of all severe No spontaneous occur during
prevents spontaneous electrical hypoxia, rhythm remains. deep
the muscle rhythm control signals myocardial Waves are flat. anesthesia.
fibers and remains. in the heart. disease Also known
conductive as cardiac
fibers from arress,
maintaining cardiopulmo
normal nary arrest
electrolyte or
concentration circulatory
differentials arrest. It is
across their synonymous
membranes, with Clinical
and their death. A
excitability may cardiac
be so arrest is
affected that different
the automatic from (but
rhythmicity may be
disappears. caused by) a
heart attack
or
myocardial
infarction,
where blood
flow to the
still-beating
heart, is
interrupted.