Description

A newly discovered approach to extending General Systems Theory by a set of Special Systems is described. General Systems Theory is distinguished from the theory of Meta-systems. Then a hinge of three special systems is identified between these systems and meta-systems. These special systems are defined by algebraic analogies. Their special properties are explained the most important of which is ultra-efficiency. These three special systems correspond to dissipative, autopoietic, and reflexive systems which are anomalous within general systems theory and provide a bridge between the theory of systems and the theory of recursive meta-systems.