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Isabelita M. Samaniego MD
June 25 2008
FCM3
First Shifting
Elyu, masayahin ako
Objectives
1. Define and explain terms
2. List and discuss the perspectives in approaching health care

delivery influencing a community health development
3. Discuss how communities address their health concerns
4. Discuss community organization and health promotion

planning
Health
-
A state of complete physical, mental, and social well being
and not merely the absence of disease and infirmity.\u201d
World Health Organization - 1947
-

A dynamic state or condition which is multidimensional in
nature and results from the adaptation to his/her
environment.

Community
-
Group of people who have common characteristics; can be
defined geographically or administratively
Community Health
-

The health status of a defined group of people and the
actions and conditions, both private and public, to promote,
protect, and preserve their health.

Population Health
-

The health status of people who are not organized and have
no identity as a group or locality and the actions and
conditions to promote, protect and preserve their health

Public Health
-

Health status of a defined group of people and governmental actions and conditions to promote, protect, and preserve the people\u2019s health

Community Health vs Personal Health
-
Personal
o
Individual actions and decision making that affect
the health of an individual or their immediate family
-
Community
o
Activities aimed at protecting or improving the
health of a population or community
Development
-

growth in one or more sectors of society plus associated
changes in attitudes, social institutions and knowledge,
resulting in desired changes in people\u2019s standard of living

Community Health Development (CHD)
-

Process of putting in the hands of community members the
power to make effective health decisions and to influence
the management of available health resources so that they
can start to address their own health concerns

-
Active players:community leaders, barangay health
workers, community volunteer health workers,and people in
the community
Perspectives in Approaching Health Care Delivery
1. Health is a Social Phenomenon
2.All Sides of Reality must be Considered
3.The Community should be Partners in Health, not Just
Beneficiaries
Factors Affecting Community Health
-
Physical: industrial development, community size,
environment, geography
-
Social/Cultural
o
beliefs, traditions and prejudices
o
economy, politics, religion
o
socioeconomic status
o
social norms
-
Political
o
local and external decision making process
o
policy-making policies (?)
-
Individual Behaviour: takes the concerted effort of many, if
not, most to make a community volunteer program work
All Sides of Reality Must Be Considered
-
Strengths: internal capacities, positive traits and values,
experiences, physical and human resources
-
Weaknesses: internal to the community (problems, issues),
acts as barriers
-
Opponents: possibilities, generate strength, help realize
health goals
-
Threats: external conditions/situations affect health or effort
to improve health
Community Should Be Partners in Health, not Just
Beneficiaries
-
Putting health in the hands of the people
-
Encouraging comunities to assume responsibility for their
health and become partners
-
Paradigm shift for health professionals
Actions that Help Community Address Health Problems:
-
Community organizing
-
Community mobilization
-
Education and Training
-
Establishing effective linkages for the future
-
Mobilization of financial, technical or other resources
Community Organizing
-

A process through which communities are helped to identify
common problems or goals, mobilize resources, and in other
ways develop and implement strategies for reaching their
goals they have collectively set.\u201d

Community Mobilization
-

Helping the community to recognize that health is a
community concern, and not just the concern of the medical
profession or the government, and motivating community

Community Health and Development
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