Pathophysiology Hypertension

Risk Factors: Diabetes Mellitus Family History Advance age Obesity Sedentary Lifestyle Stress Smoking High intake of NA, saturated fats and alcohol

Kidney release RENIN into the bloodstream

RENIN helps convert angiotensin I in liver

Angiotensin I is converted to angiotensin II ( a potent vasoconstrictor) in lungs

Angiotensin II

Aldosterone: Cause NA and water retension

Retained NA and Water Increased Blood Volume

Arteriolar constriction Increased Peripheral vascular resistance

Increased Blood Pressure and Vascular Resistance to Hypertension