SUKATAN DAN GEOMETRI

9. RUANG
STANDARD KANDUNGAN
Murid dibimbing untuk

Tahun 1
STANDARD PEMBELAJARAN
Murid berupaya untuk

9.1

Mengenal pasti bentuk tiga dimensi.

Menamakan bentuk kuboid, kubus, kon, piramid tapak segiempat sama, silinder dan sfera. (ii) Memperihalkan permukaan, sisi dan bucu bagi bentuk tiga dimensi. (iii) Menyusun objek mengikut pola. (iv) Membina model tiga dimensi dan menerangkannya. Menamakan bentuk segiempat sama, segiempat tepat, segitiga dan bulatan. (ii) Memperihalkan garis lurus, sisi, penjuru dan lengkung bagi bentuk dua dimensi. (iii) Menyusun bentuk dua dimensi mengikut pola. (iv) Menghasilkan corak berasaskan bentuk dua dimensi. (i)

(i)

9.2

Mengenal pasti bentuk dua dimensi.

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SUKATAN DAN GEOMETRI

13. RUANG
STANDARD KANDUNGAN
Murid dibimbing untuk

Tahun 2
STANDARD PEMBELAJARAN
Murid berupaya untuk

13.1 Mengenal pasti bentuk tiga dimensi. 13.2 Mengenal pasti bentangan bentuk tiga dimensi.

(i) Mengenal pasti bentuk tiga dimensi berdasarkan huraian. (ii) Mengenal pasti bentuk asas bagi bentuk tiga dimensi. (i) Mengenal pasti pelbagai bentangan bentuk tiga dimensi: kubus, kuboid, piramid tapak segiempat sama, silinder dan kon.

13.3 Mengenal pasti bentuk dua dimensi.

(i) Mengenal pasti bentuk dua dimensi berdasarkan huraian. (ii) Melukis bentuk asas bagi bentuk dua dimensi: Segiempat sama, segiempat tepat, segitiga dan bulatan.

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SUKATAN DAN GEOMETRI

14. RUANG
STANDARD KANDUNGAN
Murid dibimbing untuk

Tahun 3
STANDARD PEMBELAJARAN
Murid berupaya untuk

14.1 Mengenal pelbagai jenis prisma.

(i) Mengenal jenis prisma segiempat sama, prisma segiempat tepat dan prisma segitiga. (ii) Melabelkan dan mencirikan bahagian-bahagian prisma: permukaan, tapak, bucu dan sisi. (i) Membandingkan prisma dengan bukan prisma berdasarkan ciri-cirinya. (i) Mengenal pasti bentuk separuh bulatan dan bentuk poligon sekata: pentagon, heksagon, heptagon dan oktagon. (ii) Menghasilkan corak berasaskan bentuk separuh bulatan dan bentuk poligon sekata. (i) Mengenal pasti dan melukis paksi simetri bagi bentuk dua dimensi.

14.2 Membandingkan prisma dan bukan prisma. 14.3 Mengenal bentuk dua dimensi.

14.4 Mengenal pasti paksi simetri.

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ear 4
LEARNING OBJECTIVES

Pupils will be taught to 1. Understand the perimeter of a two-dimensional shape.

SUGGESTED TEACHING AND LEARNING ACTIVITIES

LEARNING OUTCOMES

POINTS TO NOTE

VOCABULARY

Pupils draw a square, a rectangle and a triangle and describe the features of the shapes. Pupils measure the perimeter of given shapes using suggested measuring tools, for example, a thread or string and a ruler.

2. Understand the area of a two-dimensional shape.

Pupils draw a square and a rectangle and label the lengths and breadths of the shapes. Pupils build various shapes with equal number of square tiles. Pupil compare using a grid paper, for example: The area of square ABCD is 4 square units. The area of rectangle PQRS is 12 square units.

Pupils will be able to (i) Identify the sides of a: o square, o rectangle, o triangle. (ii) Measure and record the perimeter of a: o square, o rectangle, o triangle. (i) Identify the dimensions of a: o square, o rectangle. (ii) Compare with unit squares the size of a: o rectangle, o square.

A square and a rectangle, each has four sides. A trianle has three sides.

length breadth perimeter area

Verify that the perimeter of the shapes: a square, a rectangle or a triangle is equal to the sum of the length of its sides.

Use a small square tile as a unit square. The figures have different shapes but they have the same size.

B P Q
The area of each figure is 6 square units. Verify that the area (the number of unit squares) for a square or rectangle is the product of its dimensions.

37

ear 4
LEARNING OBJECTIVES

Pupils will be taught to

SUGGESTED TEACHING AND LEARNING ACTIVITIES

LEARNING OUTCOMES

POINTS TO NOTE

VOCABULARY

Pupils use rulers to measure the dimensions of squares and rectangles.

Pupils will be able to (iii) Measure and record the dimensions of squares and rectangles.

Tabulate measurements of dimensions and their product, for example:

Shape Length (cm) Breadth (cm) LxB (square cm)

A B C 3. Find the area and perimeter two-dimensional shapes. Pupils calculate area using the formula: Area = length x breadth length 4 cm (i) Calculate the perimeter of squares and rectangles. (ii) Calculate the area of squares and rectangles.

4 6 3

4 5 6

16 30 18 square centimetre (cm2 ) square metre (m2)

breadth 3 cm

The square centimetre and square metre are the units of area. cm2 stands for square centimetre. m2 stands for square metre. Limit shapes to squares and rectangles only.

Area of rectangle = 4 cm x 3 cm = 12 cm2

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ear 4
LEARNING OBJECTIVES

Pupils will be taught to

SUGGESTED TEACHING AND LEARNING ACTIVITIES

LEARNING OUTCOMES

POINTS TO NOTE

VOCABULARY

Pupils create stories about perimeters or areas from given number sentences Pose to pupils, daily problems in the form of words, tables and pictorials.

Pupils will be able to (iii) Solve problems involving perimeter and area of twodimensional shapes.

Apply the four step approach when solving problems. Practice mental calculations and estimations when solving problems involving perimeter and area. Make sensible estimation to check answers.

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Learning Area : COMPOSITE TWO-DIMENSIONAL SHAPES

LEARNING OBJECTIVES

Year 5
POINTS TO NOTE VOCABULARY

Pupils will be taught to 1 Find the perimeter of composite 2-D shapes.

SUGGESTED TEACHING AND LEARNING ACTIVITIES

LEARNING OUTCOMES

x Use measuring tapes, rulers or string to measure the perimeter of event composite shapes.

Pupils will be able to (i) Measure the perimeter of the following composite 2-D shapes. a) square and square, b) rectangle and rectangle, c) triangle and triangle, d) square and rectangle, e) square and triangle, f) rectangle and triangle.

Emphasise using units in cm and m. e.g. 2 cm

shape, combination, square rectangle, triangle,

5 cm 3 cm 4 cm Emphasise using various combination of 2-D shapes to find the perimeter and area.

area, calculate

(ii) Calculate the perimeter of

the following composite 2-D shapes. a) square and square, a) rectangle and rectangle, b) triangle and triangle, c) square and rectangle, d) square and triangle, e) rectangle and triangle.

(iii) Solve problems involving

perimeters of composite 2D shapes.

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Learning Area : COMPOSITE TWO-DIMENSIONAL SHAPES

LEARNING OBJECTIVES

Year 5
POINTS TO NOTE VOCABULARY

Pupils will be taught to 2 Find the area of composite 2-D shapes.

SUGGESTED TEACHING AND LEARNING ACTIVITIES

LEARNING OUTCOMES

x Pupils count the unit squares to find the area of composite 2-D shape on the grid paper.

Pupils will be able to (i) Measure the area of the following composite 2-D shapes. a) square and square, b) rectangle and rectangle, c) square and rectangle,

The units of area should be in cm and m. Limit shapes to a combination of two basic shapes.

combination, square rectangle, triangle, area, calculate, 2-D shapes.

(ii) Calculate the area of the

following composite 2-D shapes. square and square, a) rectangle and rectangle, b) square and rectangle,

(iii) Solve problems involving

areas of composite 2-D shapes.

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Learning Area : COMPOSITE THREE-DIMENSIONAL SHAPES

LEARNING OBJECTIVES

Year 5
POINTS TO NOTE VOCABULARY

Pupils will be taught to 1 Find the volume of composite 3-D shapes.

SUGGESTED TEACHING AND LEARNING ACTIVITIES

LEARNING OUTCOMES

x Use any combinations of 3-D shapes to find the surface area and volume.

Pupils will be able to (i) Measure the volume of the following composite 3-D shapes a) cube and cube, b) cuboid and cuboid, c) cube and cuboid.

shape, cube, 3 cm 4 cm A 6 cm B 8 cm cuboid, 2 cm surface area, volume composite 3-D shapes

(ii) Calculate the volume of the

composite 3-D shapes following a) cube and cube, b) cuboid and cuboid, c) cube and cuboid.

Volume of cuboid A = 3 cm u 4 cm u 6 cm Volume of cuboid B = 2 cm u 4 cm u 8 cm The combined volume of cubiod A and B = 72 cm3 + 64 cm3 = 136 cm3

(iii) Solve problems involving

volume of composite 3-D shapes.

The units of area should be in cm and m.

42

Learning Area: TWO-DIMENSIONAL SHAPES

LEARNING OBJECTIVES

Year 6
LEARNING OUTCOMES POINTS TO NOTE VOCABULARY

Pupils will be taught to 1 Find the perimeter and area of composite twodimensional shapes.

SUGGESTED TEACHING AND LEARNING ACTIVITIES

Pupils will be able to

x Pupils construct twodimensional composite shapes on the geo-board or graph paper. Pupils then measure the perimeter of the shapes. x Teacher provides a twodimensional composite shape with given dimensions. Pupils calculate the perimeter of the shape.

(i) Find the perimeter of a twodimensional composite shape of two or more quadrilaterals and triangles.

A perimeter is the total distance around the outside edges of a shape. Limit quadrilaterals to squares and rectangles, and triangles to right-angled triangles. Given below are examples of 2-D composite shapes of two or more quadrilaterals and triangles.

perimeter square, rectangle triangle quadrilateral composite two-dimensional geo-board length breadth area

20

Learning Area: TWO-DIMENSIONAL SHAPES

LEARNING OBJECTIVES

Year 6
LEARNING OUTCOMES POINTS TO NOTE VOCABULARY

Pupils will be taught to

.

SUGGESTED TEACHING AND LEARNING ACTIVITIES

Pupils will be able to

x Pupils construct twodimensional composite shapes on the geo-board or graph paper. Pupils then find the area of the shapes. x Teacher provides a twodimensional composite shape with given dimensions. Pupils calculate the area of the shape.

(ii) Find the area of a twodimensional composite shape of two or more quadrilaterals and triangles.

To calculate area of 2-D shapes, use the following formulae Area A, of a square with sides a in length. A aua Area A, of a rectangle with length l and breadth b. A l ub Area A, of a triangle with base length b and height h.
A
1 2

quadrilateral triangle grid geo-board

b u h 

x Pose problems of finding perimeters and areas of 2-D shapes in numerical form, simple sentences, tables or pictures. x Teacher guides pupils to solve problems following Polyas fourstep model of 1) Understanding the problem 2) Devising a plan 3) Implementing the plan 4) Looking back.

(iii) Solve problems in real

contexts involving calculation of perimeter and area of two-dimensional shapes.

21

Learning Area: THREE-DIMENSIONAL SHAPES

LEARNING OBJECTIVES

Year 6
LEARNING OUTCOMES POINTS TO NOTE VOCABULARY

Pupils will be taught to 1 Find the surface area and volume of composite three-dimensional shapes.

SUGGESTED TEACHING AND LEARNING ACTIVITIES

Pupils will be able to

x Pupils draw net according to the given measurements, cut out the shape and fold to make a three-dimensional shape. Next, unfold the shape and use the graph paper to find the area. Verify that the area is the surface area of the 3-D shape. x Teacher provides a threedimensional composite shape with given dimensions. Pupils calculate the surface area of the shape.

(i) Find the surface area of a

three-dimensional composite shape of two or more cubes and cuboids.

Use only cubes and cuboids to form composite 3-D shapes. Examples of these shapes are as below

cube cuboid three-dimensional volume length breadth height

x Pupils construct threedimensional composite shapes using the Dienes blocks. The volume in units of the block is determined by mere counting the number of blocks. x Teacher provides a threedimensional composite shape with given dimensions. Pupils calculate the volume of the shape.

(ii) Find volume of a threedimensional composite shape of two or more cubes and cuboids.

For a cuboid with length l, breadth b and height h, the volume V of the cuboid is

V=lubuh

h l

V b

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Learning Area: THREE-DIMENSIONAL SHAPES

LEARNING OBJECTIVES

Year 6
LEARNING OUTCOMES POINTS TO NOTE VOCABULARY

Pupils will be taught to

SUGGESTED TEACHING AND LEARNING ACTIVITIES

Pupils will be able to

x Pose problems of finding surface area and volume of 3-D shapes in numerical form, simple sentences, tables or pictures. x Teacher guides pupils to solve problems following Polyas fourstep model of 1) Understanding the problem 2) Devising a plan 3) Implementing the plan 4) Looking back.

(iii) Solve problems in real

contexts involving calculation of surface area and volume of threedimensional shapes.

23