TS. Nguy c TS.

Nguyn c Nhn

June 2012
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 Tng quan v h thng thng tin quang:

S khi h thng v chc nng u - nhc im ca h thng thng tin quang

Si quang:
Cu to v phn loi si quang Lan truyn nh sng trong cc loi si quang: Qu o cc tia (xt theo phng php quang hnh), Khu s, s lng mode truyn Suy hao: khi nim, cc loi suy hao, c tuyn suy hao Tn sc trong si quang: khi nim, cc loi tn sc

B pht quang:
S khi v chc nng Ngun quang LED Ngun quang LD

B thu quang:
S khi v chc nng Photodiode PIN: cu to v nguyn l tch sng Photodiode APD: cu to v nguyn l tch sng
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 Tng quan v h thng thng tin quang:

Si quang B pht quang B thu quang B khuych i quang B b tn sc

14/06/2012 Nguyn c Nhn

 Tng quan v h thng thng tin quang:

Gi tn hiu thng tin di dng nh sng (min quang) S dng nh sng hng ngoi (IR) trong di t 800 1600 nm. S dng si thy tinh lm mi trng truyn dn C nhiu u im so vi cp ng:
Suy hao nh, dung lng truyn dn ln Trng lng nh, kch c nh Khng b tc ng bi EMI (nhiu giao thoa in t) Kh nng cch in v tin cy cao

C mt s thch thc k thut khi trin khai:

Hn ni Pht trin cc cu kin quang in t chuyn bit Thit k v sn xut si v cp si quang c bit
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 Phm vi ng dng thng tin si quang

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 Si quang:
Cu to: hnh tr gm li v v Nguyn l truyn tn hiu quang: phn x ni ton phn n1 > n2 Phn loi si quang:
Phn b mt ct chit sut: chit sut bc (SI), chit sut bin i (GI) S lng mode truyn: si a mode (MM) v si n mode (SM). Vt liu ch to: Si thy tinh, si nha (plastic)

n1

n2

14/06/2012 Nguyn c Nhn

 Si quang:
Cc loi si quang:

Si n mode (SM)

Si a mode chit sut bc (MM-SI)

Si a mode chit sut bin i (MM-GI)

14/06/2012 Nguyn c Nhn

 Si quang:
Cu to: hnh tr gm li v v Nguyn l truyn tn hiu quang: phn x ni ton phn n1 > n2 Phn loi si c bn: si a mode (MM) v si n mode (SM)
S lng mode truyn ph thuc: kch thc li, chit sut li (n1) v v (n2), bc sng hot ng. Si n mode ch truyn mt mode phn cc tuyn tnh c bn

14/06/2012 Nguyn c Nhn

 Si quang:
Khu s (NA): xc nh gc tip nhn nh sng ca si

Tn s chun ha (tham s V):

V = 2.a.NA/ Xc nh s lng mode v c tnh truyn dn ca si quang

14/06/2012 Nguyn c Nhn

 Si quang:
Truyn nh sng trong si MM-SI:
Qu o tia zigzac S lng mode M V2/2

Truyn nh sng trong si MM-GI:

Qu o tia b un cong S lng mode M V2/4

Truyn nh sng trong si SM:

Ch truyn mt mode phn cc tuyn tnh c bn iu kin n mode: V < 2,405
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 c tnh si quang:
Suy hao (attenuation): cng sut quang suy gim khi lan truyn
Nguyn nhn: Do hp th Do tn x Do un cong: ln v vi m Cc nguyn nhn khc

H s suy hao: 0.5 dB/km (1300 nm) 0.2 dB/km (1550 nm)
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 c tnh si quang:
Tn sc: cc thnh phn khc nhau ca tn hiu lan truyn ti cc vn tc khc nhau Xung quang b tri rng v thi gian gy li do ISI
Cc loi tn sc: Tn sc mode (ch c si MM) Tn sc sc th (CD) hoc tn sc vn tc nhm (GVD) Tn sc mode phn cc (PMD) Mc m rng xung do CD: ps/km/nm

= D.L.
ps
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km

nm
12

 c tnh si quang:
Tn sc mode:

Tn sc vn tc nhm GVD:
Tn sc vt liu Tn sc vn tc nhm Tn sc tng trong si n mode: D = DM + DW

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 B pht quang:
S khi:

Ngun quang B iu bin Mch kch thch

Cc loi iu bin tn hiu

iu bin trc tip: b gii hn tc iu bin do chirping iu bin ngoi: s dng ngun CW + b iu bin ngoi
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 B pht quang:
Ngun quang: LED v laser diode (LD) Ngun LED: cu trc d th kp v da trn pht x t pht
Ph u ra rng (50 150 nm) Cng sut u ra thp < -13 dBm (50 W) C th c iu bin ln ti vi trm Mbps R tin hn LD S dng rng ri trong cc LAN

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 B pht quang:
Ngun LD: cu trc d th kp v da trn pht x kch thch
Cu trc c bn: hp cng hng t trong mi trng tch cc Ph u ra hp (4 0.01 nm) Cng sut u ra cao (0 - 10 dBm)

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 B pht quang:
Mch pht dng LD:
Dng tn hiu Mch iu khin dng kch thch

PD

LD T TEC

Si quang

Mch iu khin dng bm TEC

Module LD

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 B thu quang:
S khi:

B tch sng quang: Photodiode B tin khuych i: Tr khng thp, Tr khng cao, Truyn tr khng (hi tip m) Khi x l tn hiu Ghp ni quang

Cc tham s chnh:
nhy thu, cng sut bo ha Bng tn thu (p ng tn)
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 B thu quang:
Ngun thu quang: PIN v APD Ngun PIN:
R tin hn APD, nhy km hn.
hf P+ in trng E

Min ngho Min hp th

n+

RT

Hnh 4.3- Cu trc diode tch quang p-i-n

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 B thu quang:
Ngun APD:
nhy cao nh qu trnh nhn thc i hi in p phn cc cao hn, c nhiu ln hn Nhy cm hn vi thay i nhit v in p phn cc in trng E Chi ph cao
n+ p Min tng tc

Min hp th

P+

RT hf

Hnh 4.5- Cu trc diode tch quang thc

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 Phm vi hot ng ca cc phn t quang

Pump lasers

Raman amplifiers

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