EXPLANATION TEXT

Metamorphosis of Frog

By : Annisa Nur Wardani Bintang Pratama Marta Magdalena M. Hafizhar R. Rifky A.W Theresia Estining A.S

XII IPA 5 R-SMA-BI Negeri 2 Bogor Jl.Keranji Ujung No.1 Budi Agung-Bogor

Metamorphosis of Frog

Frog is be include of amphibian, because it life in the water and on land. Frog is also metamorphosis, they are complete metamorphosis. Metamorphosis is a biological process by which an animal physically develops after birth or hatching, involving a conspicuous and relatively abrupt change in the animal's body structure through cell growth and differentiation. Before produce the egg frog do amplexus. amplexus happen when male frog tends to clasp the female underneath in an embrace. He literally climbs on her back, reaches his arms around her "waist", either just in front of the hind legs, just behind the front legs, or even around the head. Amplexus can last several days. Usually, it occurs in the water, though some species, like the bufos on the right mate on land or even in trees. While in the amplexus position, the male frog fertilizes the eggs as they get are laid. Frogs tend to lay eggs single eggs in masses. There may be thousands of eggs laid at once. It becomes surrounded by a jellylike covering, which protects the egg. The female may or may not stay with the eggs to take care of the young after she

had laid them. The egg slowly develops. The mass of cells in the egg come to form an embryo. Organs and gills begin to form, and the embryo lives off the internal yolk. This supplies it with nutrients for 21 days. After its 21 day development period, the embryo leaves its jelly shell, and attaches itself to a weed in the water. This quickly becomes a tadpole. The tadpole has a long tail, and lives in the water. It has external gills like a fish to absorb oxygen and feeds on algae. It is extremely vulnerable, and must rely on its camouflage to protect it. Colors range from brown, green or gray. About five weeks, the tadpole begins to change. It start to grow hind legs, which are soon followed with forelegs. Lungs begin to develop, preparing the frog for its life on land. Over time, the tadpole becomes even more froglike. Its mouth widens, it loses its horny jaws, gills are lost. The tail becomes much smaller, and the legs grow. The lungs are almost functioning at this point. After that froglike became frog between 12 to 16 weeks, depending on water and food supply, the frog has completed the full growth cycle, a fully developed frog with lungs, legs, and no tail emerges from the water. This frog will live mostly on land, with occasional swims. Eventually, it finds a mate. The way this is done varies depending on the species. The female lays the eggs, the male fertilizes them. And then the whole process begins again.