CHAPTER I 1

Identify the sensor, signal conditioner and display elements in the measurement systems of (a) a mercury-in-glass thermometer, (b) a Bourdon pressure gauge. Explain the difference between open- and closed-loop control. Identify the various elements that might be present in a control system involving a thennostatically controlled electric heater. The automatic control system for the temperature of a bath of liquid consists of a reference voltage fed into a differential amplifier. This is connected to a relay which then switches on or off the electrical power to a heater in the liquid.Negative feedback is provided by a measurement system which feeds a voltage into the differential amplifier. Sketch a block diagram of the system and explain how the error signal is produced. Explain the function of a programmable logic controller. Explain what is meant by sequential control and illustrate your answer by an example.

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7 State steps that might be present in the sequential control of a dishwasher. 8 9 Compare and contrast the traditional design of a watch with that of the mechatronics-designed product involving a micro- processor. Compare and contrast the control system for the domestic central heating system involving a bimetallic thennostat and that involving a microprocessor.
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