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[Typetext]

The State of 0hio Auuitoi of State


INTERIN Repoit on
Stuuent Attenuance
Bata anu
Accountability
System

East Bioau Stieet Fifth Flooi Columbus 0hio


Phone oi Fax
www.ohioauditor.gov



To the People of the State of Ohio:
In response to reports of irregular student attendance, enrollment and withdrawal practices within
multiple school districts and a statewide concern over the integrity of the Ohio Department of
Education (ODE) accountability and reporting system, the Auditor of States Office is conducting
an audit in accordance with Ohio Revised Code Section 117.11. This audit will include an
objective review and assessment of ODE accountability policies, procedures and data, and local
school district attendance, enrollment, withdrawal and reporting practices.
This interim report includes the project history; scope, objectives, methodology, and summary of
the audit, including results of the assessments and corrective action recommendations to date.
This engagement is not a financial or performance audit, the objectives of which would be vastly
different. Therefore, it is not within the scope of this work to conduct a comprehensive and
detailed examination of local school report cards or Ohios Accountability system. Additionally,
certain information included in this report was derived from ODE, Information Technology
Center (ITC), and school district Student Information System (SIS), which may not be completely
accurate.
This report has been provided to the ODE and discussed with the schools selected for testing
whose results are included within. ODE is encouraged to use the results of this review as a
resource in improving its Accountability guidance and compliance monitoring.
Additional copies of this report can be requested by calling the Clerk of the Bureaus office at
(614) 466-2310 or toll free at (800) 282-0370. In addition, this report can be accessed online
through the Auditor of State of Ohio website at http://www.ohioauditor.gov by choosing the
Audit Search option.

Sincerely,




Dave Yost
Auditor of State

October 4, 2012

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TABLEOF CONTENTS
1. PROJECTHISTORY.................................................................................................................................5
2. OBJECTIVESANDSCOPE........................................................................................................................6
3. OVERVIEWOFACCOUNTABILITY..........................................................................................................6
4. OVERVIEWOFSTATEWIDESTUDENTIDENTIFIER................................................................................8
5. BREAKINGENROLLMENT...................................................................................................................9
6. SUPPORTROLESINACCOUNTABILITY................................................................................................11
7. USEOFREPORTSANDOTHERDATASOURCES..................................................................................13
8. METHODOLOGY..................................................................................................................................13
9. SUMMARYOFRESULTS.......................................................................................................................15
9.1. SYSTEMICSTATEWIDEISSUES........................................................................................................15
9.2. SCHOOLSWITHEVIDENCEOFSCRUBBING....................................................................................19
9.2.1. COLUMBUSCITYSCHOOLDISTRICT...........................................................................................19
9.2.2. TOLEDOCITYSCHOOLDISTRICT.................................................................................................19
9.2.3. CLEVELANDMUNICIPALSCHOOLDISTRICT...............................................................................20
9.2.4. MARIONCITYSCHOOLDISTRICT................................................................................................21
9.2.5. CAMPBELLCITYSCHOOLDISTRICT.............................................................................................21
9.3. POLICYRECOMMENDATIONSTOOHIODEPARTMENTOFEDUCATION.......................................22
9.4. CONCLUSION...................................................................................................................................25
10. SCHOOLSSELECTEDFORTESTING..................................................................................................25
11. STATUSOFSTUDENTFILETESTINGFORSUPPORTINGDOCUMENTATION..................................31
11.1. TOP100SCHOOLSWITHEVIDENCEOFSCRUBBING......................................................................31
11.2. TOP100SCHOOLSWITHERRORS...................................................................................................35
11.3. TOP100CLEANSCHOOLS...............................................................................................................44
11.4. TOP100SCHOOLSINDETERMINATEASOFTHEDATEOFTHISREPORT.......................................45
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11.5. ADDITIONAL28SCHOOLDISTRICTS...............................................................................................46
12. VIEWSOFRESPONSIBLESCHOOLOFFICIALS..................................................................................49
13. APPENDIX........................................................................................................................................49


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1. PROJECTHISTORY
TheNoChildLeftBehind(NCLB)Actof2001wassignedintolawonJanuary8,2002.UndertheNCLB
model,aschoolsreportcardspecifiesitsperformanceascomparedtootherschoolsinOhio.Specifically,
theNCLBschoolreportcarddisplaysstudentachievementdatainreading,mathematics,scienceand
othercoresubjectsrequiredbythestatesothatparentsandthepubliccanseehowtheirschoolsare
progressingovertime.Inaddition,thereportcardincludesinformationonstudentattendanceratesand
graduationrates.

Aschoolsperformanceonthereportcardcanbeaffectedbythestudentscountedinthescoring.Ifthe
scoresoflowperformingstudentscanbeexcludedfromaparticularschoolsreportcard,theoverall
performanceofthatschoolshowsacorrespondingimprovement.ThiseffectisdescribedinaJuly25,
2012letterfromtheOhioDepartmentofEducationtotheLocklandSchoolDistrictwhichfoundthat
attendancedatahadbeenfalselyreportedandreviseddownwardtheschooldistrictsreportcard
rating.AcopyofthisletterisprovidedintheAppendixofthisreport.

TherearefourcomponentstoOhiosaccountabilitysystem.TheyareStateIndicators,Performanceindex
Score,ValueAdded,andAdequateYearlyProgress(AYP).TheStateIndicatorsaregenerallybasedonthe
numberofstateassessmentsgivenoveralltestedgrades.Toearneachindicator,adistrictorschool
needstohaveacertainpercentageofstudentsreachproficientoraboveagivenassessment.Student
testscoresontheOhioAchievementAssessment(OAA)andtheOhioGraduationTest(OGT)areState
Indicatorsforthe201011schoolyear.Thepercentageofstudentspergradeandtestthatwereenrolled
inthedistrictforaFullAcademicYear(FAY)arecountedinthelocalreportcard.Tohaveadaycounted
asanattendancedayformeetingtheFAYcriterion,astudentmustbeenrolledandinattendanceduring
theyearorbeonexpulsionstatusandreceivingservicesfromtheschooldistrict(iftheschooldistricthas
adoptedapolicyasstatedinparagraph(C)ofRule33011801oftheOhioAdministrativeCode).
Sometimes,however,allowableeventsoccurthatcausestudentscorestoberemovedfromthelocal
compositeandincludedonlyinthestatewidecompositescore.
UnderNoChildLeftBehind(NCLB),thereareseveralallowablewaysstudenttestscorescanbeexcluded
fromanindividualschoolsreportcardandpushedtotheschooldistrictwideorstatereportcardas
describedinODEsWhereKidsCount(WKC)Methodology.Studentsdonotalwayscountattheschool
inwhichtheyareenrolled.Forexample,whenadistrictmakesthedecisiontoeducateastudentina
locationotherthantheresidentschool,thestudentwillbecountedintheresidentschoolsresults.An
exampleisaschoolthateducatesalloftheLimitedEnglishProficientstudentsinthedistrictbecauseof
expertiseorresourcesinonebuildingthosestudentswillcountintheirresidentschoolsreportcard
results.Conversely,whenaparent,guardian,orthecourtsplaceastudentinanothereducationalsetting,
thosestudentswillcountintheeducatingschoolsreportcardsresultsor,ifinattendanceforlessthanthe
FAY,thosestudentswillbecountedifenrolled.
Ourreportfocusesmainlyonbreaksinenrollmentwhichcausestudenttestscorestobepushedtothe
statewidecompositereportcard.Inthisscenario,thelocalreportcardincludesonlystudentsenrolledfor
theFAY.AstudentmustbeenrolledcontinuouslyatasingleschoolfromtheendofOctobercountweek
toMay10thforgrades38orMarch19thforallothergradestoqualifyforthefullacademicyearof
attendance.Whenalawfulbreakinenrollmentoccurs,schooldistrictspushthestudentstestscoresto
theStatesreportcard.Furthermore,ifastudenttransfersbetweenbuildingswithinthesameschool
district,thestudentstestscoreispushedtotheschooldistrictsoverallreportcard.Schoolsbreak
enrollmentbywithdrawingorenrollingstudentsbetweenOctobercountweekandtheendofthe
academicschoolyear,whichcanoccurroutinelyamongsomeOhiopublicschooldistricts.
Amidthetougheconomicpressuresandrigorousfederalperformancerankingrequirements,some
schoolsareincentivizedtoremovestudentswithhighabsenteeismandlowertestscoresfromtheirlocal
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reportcardstoboostperformancemeasuresusedtodeterminegovernmentaidandimproveschool
performancerankings.Infact,someschoolsalsoreceivefinancialbonusesbasedontheschoolsranking.

2. OBJECTIVESANDSCOPE
OnAugust11,2011,Dr.Harris,SuperintendentoftheColumbusCitySchoolDistrictrequestedthatthe
AuditorofState(AOS)reviewthedistrictinternalauditorsfindingthattherewereabsencesdeletedfrom
theColumbusCSDschoolattendancerecords.Dr.HarrisindicatedtheColumbusCSDsinternalauditor
wasmadeawareofthesechangesfromatruancyofficerwhowashandlingacourttruancyfiling.The
truancyofficerdiscoveredtheabsencesoriginallyrecordedinthestudentattendancerecordsforthe
studentsinquestionwerealteredafterchargeshadbeenfiled.AOSmetwithdistrictofficialsnoting
isolatedattendanceirregularitiesandrequestedColumbusCSDcontinuetoinvestigatetheattendance
datainternallyandcontactAOSiffurtherdiscrepancieswerenoted.
Later,onJune15,2012theAOSwasrequestedbyColumbusCitySchoolDistrict(CSD)tomeetwiththeir
internalauditortodiscusstheresultsofaninternalauditonstudentwithdrawalactivityafteranarticle
waspublishedinthelocalnewspaper,TheDispatch.ArepresentativeoftheAOSmetwiththeInternal
AuditoratColumbusCSDsoonthereafter.Additionalallegationsofirregularattendanceandenrollment
practicessurfacedinToledoandODEuncoveredsimilarpracticesinLocklandSchoolDistrict,leadingto
questionsabouttheintegrityofOhiosaccountabilitysystemstatewide.Asaresult,AOSinitiateda
statewidesystematicandobjectiveassessmentofschoolyear201011studentattendanceand
enrollmentsystemsformorethan100schoolbuildingsamong74Ohioschooldistricts.
Thepurposeofthisinitialreviewwasthreefold:(1)toidentifysystemic,andpotentiallyduplicitous,
studentattendanceandenrollmentpracticesamongOhioschools;(2)toproviderecommendationstothe
OhioDepartmentofEducation(ODE)andOhioGeneralAssemblyformakingfuturepolicyandlegislative
improvementstoOhiosAccountabilitysystem;and(3)todeterminewhetherschoolsarescrubbing
enrollmentdatatoimprovetheirlocalreportcardscores.
Thisengagementisnotafinancialorperformanceaudit,theobjectivesofwhichwouldbevastlydifferent.
Therefore,itisnotwithinthescopeofthisworktoconductacomprehensiveanddetailedexaminationof
localschoolreportcardsorOhiosAccountabilitysystem.Additionally,certaininformationincludedin
thisreportwasderivedfromODE,ITC,andschooldistrictSIS,whichmaynotbecompletelyaccurate.

3. OVERVIEWOFACCOUNTABILITY
AdequateYearlyProgress
AdequateYearlyProgress(AYP)originatedfromthefederalNoChildLeftBehind(NCLB)Actof2001.The
federalNCLBrequiresOhiotosetAYPgoalseachyearandraisethebaringradualincrementssothatall
ofOhiosstudentsareproficientonstatereadingandmathematicsassessmentsbythe20132014school
year.

SchoolsmustannuallyreviewtheprogressofeachschoolservedunderTitleI,PartAtodetermine
whethertheschoolhasmadeAYP.Schoolsmustidentifyforschoolimprovementanyschoolthatfailsto
makeAYP,asdefinedbyODE,fortwoormoreconsecutiveschoolyears.Inidentifyingaschoolfor
improvement,ODEmaybaseidentificationonwhethertheschooldidnotmakeAYPbecauseitdidnot
meet(1)ODEsannualmeasurableobjectivesforthesubjector(2)thesameotheracademicindicatorfor
twoconsecutiveyears.

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EveryschoolanddistrictmustmeetAYPgoalsthatareestablishedforreadingandmathematics
proficiencyandtestparticipation,attendanceandgraduationrates.AYPdeterminationsfordistrictsand
schoolsarebasedontestparticipationandproficiencyrategoals.Failuretomeetanyoftheproficiency
orparticipationgoals,attendancelevelsorgraduationtargetsresultsinthedistrictorschoolnotmeeting
AYP.

TheAYPcalculationsareappliedseparatelytoeachbuildingwithinadistrictandthedistrictitself.The
AYPdeterminationforthedistrictisnotdependentontheAYPstatusofeachofthebuildings(e.g.
BuildingAmetAYPandBuildingBmetAYPsothedistrictmetAYP).Insteadthecalculationsareapplied
againtodistrictleveldata(e.g.BuildingAhad20outof50studentswhowereproficientoraboveand
BuildingBhad35outof60studentswhowereproficientorabove,sotheDistricthad55outof110
studentswhowereproficientorabove).Therefore,itispossibleforbuildingswithinadistricttomeet
AYPwhilethedistrictitselffailstomeetAYP.

AschoolordistrictcanmissAYPandearnExcellentorEffectivedesignationsforonlytwoconsecutive
years.WiththethirdyearofmissingAYP,theschoolordistrictdesignationdropstocontinuous
improvementatwhichpointtheschooldistrictmusttakecorrectivemeasuresincluding,butnotlimited
to,restructuring.

WhereKidsCount
Everyschoolyear,thousandsofstudentschangeschoolsforavarietyofreasons.Whilefamilieslivingin
povertyhavethehighestmobilityrates,fosterchildrenandchildreninmilitaryfamiliesalsomove
frequently.Mobilitycannegativelyaffectastudentslearning,achievement,socialsupports,physicaland
mentalhealth.Sinceschoolsaregradedbasedonstudentachievement,attendanceandgraduation,akey
questionfortheAccountabilitysystemis:whichschooldomobilestudentsbelongtoforscoring
purposes?

Thisquestionisactuallyaseriesofquestionsandismorecomplexthanitmightatfirstappear.The
answersaregovernedbytheWhereKidsCount(WKC)rules.TheFullAcademicYearruleisaspecific
WKCrulethatstateshowlongastudentmustbeenrolledinaschoolordistrictfortheirtestscoreto
counttowardthatentity.

StudentswhocounttowardaresidentdistrictorschooldesignationunderOhiosaccountabilitysystem
arethosewho:
x Metthefullacademicyearcriterion(i.e.,thestudentwasenrolledandfundedduringthe
Octoberfundingcountweekandcontinuouslyenrolledthroughthespringtestadministration).
x AttendedaJVSD,ESC,orPostsecondaryInstitutionandmettheFullAcademicYearcriteriaat
thedistrictlevel.
x Enrolledinaspecialeducationcooperativeprogrameducatedatanotherdistrictandmetthe
FullAcademicYearcriteriaattheeducatingdistrict.
However,asdescribedearlierinthisreport,studentsdonotalwayscountattheschoolinwhichtheyare
enrolled.Studentsthatarecourtorparentplacedintoaninstitutionwithinthedistrictorstateschool
willnotcountatthebuildingordistrictlevel.Studentsthatonlyreceiveservicesfromadistrictdonot
countintheaccountabilitycalculationsforthereportingdistrictorbuilding.Examplesofastudentwho
onlyreceivesserviceswouldbeonewhoparticipatesinlatchkeyprogramsorastudentthatisnot
enrolledbutreceivescareertechnicalevaluationservices.
FlexibilityWaiver
OhiooperatesunderaflexibilityagreementwithUSDOEpursuanttosection9401ofthefederalESEA.
ThisagreementpermitsOhiotoincludeitsdifferentiatedaccountabilitymodelaspartofitssystemof
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interventionsthroughthe201112schoolyear,unlessreauthorizationoftheESEAchangesthe
requirementsonwhichOhiosmodelisbased.Aspartofthisflexibilityagreement,Ohiomustagreeto
certainconditionsdetailedintheU.S.DepartmentofEducations(USDOE)August2008ConditionLetter.
ShouldOhiofailtosatisfytheseconditions,orshoulditfailtoremaineligibletoparticipateinthepilot,
USDOEmayterminatethisflexibility.

Despitetheaforementionedwaiver,however,studentattendanceandenrollmentremainanintegralpart
ofOhiosAccountabilitysystemandthelocalreportcards.

4. OVERVIEWOFSTATEWIDESTUDENTIDENTIFIER
TheStatewideStudentIdentifier(SSID)SystemisthecornerstoneofODEsstudentlevelEducation
ManagementInformationSystem(EMIS),astatewidedatacollectionsystemforOhio'sprimaryand
secondaryeducation,includingdemographic,attendance,courseinformation,financialdataandtest
results.TheSSIDSystemassignsauniqueidentifiertoeverystudentreceivingservicesfromOhiospublic
schools.ThiscodewillfollowstudentsastheymovewithinandbetweenOhiodistricts,enabling
studiesofstudentprogressandperformancetrendsovertime.Thesystemhasthefollowingfunctions:
Preventstheidentificationofactualstudentnames,socialsecuritynumbers,orother
personaldatathatcouldbreachindividualconfidentiality.
Storesmatchingdataandassociatedstudentidentifiercodethroughoutthecourseofeach
childseducation.
FacilitatesassignmentofindividualSSIDsormassassignmentofSSIDsthroughbatch
processingoranonline,webservice.
FederalFamilyEducationalRightsandPrivacyAct(FERPA),20U.S.C.1232(g),andOhioRev.Code
3301.0714giveguidanceregardingproperandimproperpracticeforrecordsmaintenanceandtransfer.

OhiolawrestrictsODEaccesstocertainpersonallyidentifiablestudentinformation.ORC3301.0714
states,theguidelinesshallprohibitthereportingunderthissectionofastudentsname,address,and
socialsecuritynumbertothestateboardofeducationorthedepartmentofeducation.TheSSIDSystem
doesnotreplaceadistrictsstudentinformationsystemsoftware,norisittheentiretyofthestudentlevel
EMIS.ItisaduplicativesystemdesignedtoconnectthedistrictsstudentsoftwaresystemtoODEs
studentlevelEMISdatabase.PursuanttotheaforementionedOhiolaw,ODEusesonlytheSSID,inlieu
ofpersonallyidentifiablestudentinformation,forEMISreportingpurposestoprotecttheprivacyof
studentrecords.Onlyschooldistrictscanaccessthecrosswalkthatlinkspersonallyidentifiablestudent
informationtotheSSIDreportedtoODEinEMIS.Inadditiontothecomplicationsnotedherein,Ohios
systemcreatesduplicativecoststhatwillbereportedinthisofficesseparate,ongoingperformanceaudit
ofODE.

PerthefederalMissingChildAct(28USC534)andOhioRevisedCode3313.672,schooldistrictsare
requiredtoobtainreliableidentificationfromparentsuponenrollmentinpublicschools.Thiscanbe
obtainedfrombirthcertificates,passports,orimmigrationforms,forexample.OhioRevisedCode
3301.0714(D)(2)furtherprovidesthefollowingguidance:

Eachschooldistrictshallensurethatthedataverificationcodeisincludedinthestudents
recordsreportedtoanysubsequentschooldistrictorcommunityschoolinwhichthestudent
enrollsandshallremoveallreferencestothecodeinanyrecordsretainedinthedistrictor
schoolthatpertaintoanystudentnolongerenrolled.Anysuchsubsequentdistrictorschool
shallutilizethesameidentifierinitsreportingofdataunderthissection.

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ODEprovidesverificationreportstodistrictsthatwillassistindeterminingwhethertwostudentshave
beenassignedthesameSSID.ThesereportswillspecifywhetherSSIDsaremissing,invalid,orhave
potentiallybeenusedformultiplestudents.

TheonlyreasontodeleteaSSIDisifitisfoundtobeaprovenduplicateSSID.Ifastudentmovesoutof
state,transferstoaprivateschool,dies,withdrawsorgraduates,theSSIDshouldnotbedeleted.
Generally,arecorddeletionactuallydeactivatestheSSIDfromtheproductionSSIDdatabasesothatitcan
nolongerbeused.ODEcautionsschooldistrictsthatunlessthedeletionisconductedaspartofasystem
wideduplicatecleanupprocess,schooldistrictsshouldconferwithotherreportingentitiesusing
differentSSIDsforthesamestudentpriortomakingthedeletion.Ifadeletionisconductedinerror,
schooldistrictsmaycontactIBMforassistanceinreactivatingtherecord.

5. BREAKINGENROLLMENT
Theschoolreportcardperformancemeasures,andrewardsandsanctions,associatedwithOhios
accountabilitysystemhavechangedovertime.Theincentivestocreateattendancebreakshavegenerally
increasedovertimeastheconsequencesforpoorperformancebecamemoresevere.
Theprocessofcreatingbreaksinenrollmententailsadmittingorwithdrawingstudentsaftertheofficial
OctoberAverageDailyMembership(ADM)countweek.Thefollowingarevalidreasonstocreatea
breakinenrollmentpursuanttoChapter2ofthe2011ODEEMISManual:
Code Reason
36 WithdrewfromPreschool;Preschoolstudenthaswithdrawnfromthe
preschoolprogram(foranyreason)
37 WithdrewfromKindergarten;Kindergartenstudenthaswithdrawn
becauseithasbeendeemedtobeinthebestinterestofthestudentif
he/shewaitsonemoreyearuntilstartinghis/herkindergarten
experience;mayonlybeusedbystudentsinkindergarten.
40 TransferredtoAnotherSchoolDistrictOutsideofOhio;Transcript
requestonfile.
41 TransferredtoAnotherOhioSchoolDistrict;Local,ExemptedVillage,or
City,transcriptrequestonfile.
42 TransferredtoaPrivateSchool;Transcriptrequestonfile,i.e.,Ed
Choicestudents.
43 TransferredtoHomeSchooling;Superintendentsapprovalonfile.
45 TransferredbyCourtOrder/Adjudication;IfCourthasdesignateda
publicdistrictotherthanyoursasdistrictresponsibleforpayingforthe
education.TheresidentdistrictshouldnotwithdrawANYstudents
placedintotheDepartmentofYouthServices.
46 TransferredoutoftheUnitedStates
47 WithdrewPursuanttoYodervs.Wisoncsin
48 Expelled
51 VerifiedMedicalReasons;Doctorsauthorizationonfile.
52 Death
71 WithdrawDuetoTruancy/Nonattendance
72 PursuedEmployment/WorkPermit;SuperintendentApprovalonfile.
73 Over18YearsofAge
74 Moved; Notknowntobecontinuing.
75 StudentCompletedCourseRequirements butdidNOTpassthe
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appropriatestatewideassessmentsrequiredforgraduation.Inthecase
ofastudentonanIEPwhohasbeenexcusedfromtheindividual
consequencesofthestatewideassessments,usingthiscodeindicates
thatthestudentcompletedcourserequirementsbutdidnottakethe
appropriatestatewideassessmentsrequiredforgraduation.
99 CompletedHighSchoolGraduationRequirements;Studentcompleted
courserequirementsandpassedtheappropriatestatewideassessments
requiredforhighschoolgraduation.InthecaseofastudentonanIEP
whohasbeenexcusedfromtheindividualconsequencesofthe
statewideassessments,usingthiscodeindicatesthatthestudent
completedcourserequirementsandtooktheappropriatestatewide
assessmentsrequiredforhighschoolgraduation.
Withregardtotruancy,schoolsarepermittedtowithdrawstudentsonlyafterappropriatedueprocess.
Thestatutesprovideseveralproceduralstepswhichschoolsmustfollowindealingwithviolationsofthe
compulsoryattendancelaws.OhioRev.Code3321.19and3321.20requireschoolstogivepriorwarning
ofthelegalconsequencesoftruancytotheparentorguardianofthetruantchild.Whenanychildof
compulsoryschoolageisnotattendingschoolandisnotproperlyexcusedfromattendance,theschool
mustnotifytheparentorguardianwhomustthereaftercausethechildtoattendtheproperschool(Ohio
Rev.Code3321.19).
Specialprovisionsofthelawapplytoanystudentwhoisconsideredtobeeitherahabituallytruantora
chronictruant.OhioRev.Code2151.011defineshabitualtruantasaschoolagechildwhoisabsent
fromschoolwithoutlegitimateexcuseforfiveormoreconsecutivedays,sevenormoredaysinaschool
month,or12ormoreschooldaysinaschoolyear.OhioRev.Code3313.62definesaschoolmonthas
fourschoolweeks.OhioRev.Code2151.011and2152.02defineachronictruantasaschoolagechild
whoisabsentfromschoolwithoutlegitimateexcuseforsevenormoreconsecutivedays,tenormore
daysinaschoolmonth,or15ormoredaysinaschoolyear.
Ifaparent,guardian,orothercustodianofahabitualtruantfailstocausethechildsattendanceat
school,theboardofeducationmayproceedwithaninterventionstrategyinaccordancewithitsadopted
policy,mayinitiatedelinquencyproceedings,orboth(OhioRev.Code3321.19).Eachboardisrequired
underOhioRev.Code3321.191toadoptapolicytoguideemployeesinaddressingandamelioratingthe
habitualtruancyofstudents.Iftheboardhasestablishedanalternativeschool,assignmenttothe
alternativeschoolmustbeincludedinthepolicyasaninterventionsstrategy.
OhioRev.Code3321.19requiresthatuponthefailureoftheparent,guardian,orotherpersonhaving
careofthechildtocausethechildsattendanceatschool,ifthechildisconsideredanhabitualtruant,the
boardofeducationoftheschooldistrictorthegoverningboardoftheeducationalservicecentershalldo
eitherorbothofthefollowing:
(1)Takeanyappropriateactionasaninterventionstrategycontainedinthepolicydevelopedby
theboardpursuanttosection3321.191oftheRevisedCode;
(2)Fileacomplaintinthejuvenilecourtofthecountyinwhichthechildhasaresidenceorlegal
settlementorinwhichthechildissupposedtoattendschooljointlyagainstthechildandthe
parent,guardian,orotherpersonhavingcareofthechild.Acomplaintfiledinthejuvenilecourt
underthisdivisionshallallegethatthechildisanunrulychildforbeinganhabitualtruantorisa
delinquentchildforbeinganhabitualtruantwhopreviouslyhasbeenadjudicatedanunrulychild
forbeinganhabitualtruantandthattheparent,guardian,orotherpersonhavingcareofthe
childhasviolatedsection3321.38oftheRevisedCode.
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Uponthefailureoftheparent,guardian,orotherpersonhavingcareofthechildtocausethechilds
attendanceatschool,ifthechildisconsideredachronictruant,theboardofeducationoftheschool
districtorthegoverningboardoftheeducationalservicecentershallfileacomplaintinthejuvenilecourt
ofthecountyinwhichthechildhasaresidenceorlegalsettlementorinwhichthechildissupposedto
attendschooljointlyagainstthechildandtheparent,guardian,orotherpersonhavingcareofthechild.A
complaintfiledinthejuvenilecourtunderthisdivisionshallallegethatthechildisadelinquentchildfor
beingachronictruantandthattheparent,guardian,orotherpersonhavingcareofthechildhasviolated
section3321.38oftheRevisedCode.
Attendanceandstudentperformancearehighlycorrelated.
1
Withdrawingstudentswithsignificant
absencescouldimproveaggregateproficiencyratesonaverage.Thus,evenhighschools(whoseother
AYPindicatoristhegraduationrate,asopposedtotheattendancerate)havelonghadincentivesto
withdrawchronicallyabsentstudents.Thispointalsoimpliesthatschoolsanddistrictsneednotbe
particularlysavvytotakeadvantageofattendancebreaks.Inparticular,theyneednotwaituntilthey
receivepreliminaryresultsfromtheODEtobenefitfromchangestoattendancedata.Thus,withdrawing
justafewstudentsfromasubgroupcouldallowaschooltoavoidtheadverseconsequencesofAYP
failureduetoarelativelylargenumberoflowachievingstudents.BecauseNCLBsAYPfocusesonreading
andmathematicstestresults,schoolsanddistrictshaveespeciallystrongincentivestowithdrawstudents
whoscoredpoorly(orwereexpectedtoscorepoorly)onthosetests.
Italsoisimportanttounderstandthatschoolsanddistrictspotentiallystoodtogainbyimprovingtheir
testandattendanceoutcomes,regardlessoftheirdemographiccharacteristicsandachievementlevels.
Ohiosmechanismforlabelingschoolsprovidedanumberofcomplicatedwaystoreachthepublicized
designations.Asaresult,improvementonanyreportcardindicatorcouldbepivotal(e.g.,in
demonstratingthetypeofimprovementassociatedwithNCLBssafeharborprovision,schoolsand
districtscouldavoidhavingtomeetaproficiencylevelifsufficientimprovementwasshown).
Additionally,therehavebeenrewardsandsanctionsassociatedwitheachofthesepotentialdesignations,
rangingfrompublicshamingandlevyproblems,tostateandfederalrewardsandsanctions.

6. SUPPORTROLESINACCOUNTABILITY
RoleofODE
PursuanttoOhiosorganizationalstructure,ODEmustensurecompliancewithstatewidepolicyby
outliningAccountabilityandotherrequirementsoffederalandstatelawssothatthestate,districts,
schoolbuildings,andschoolboardscanincorporatetheserequirementsintotheirfamilyinvolvement

1
References:
Roby,DouglasE.ResearchonSchoolAttendanceandStudentAchievement:AStudyofOhio
Schools.EducationalResearchQuarterlyavailableathttp://www.eric.ed.gov/PDFS/EJ714746.pdf

Gottfried,MichaelA.EvaluatingtheRelationshipBetweenStudentAttendanceandAchievement
inUrbanElementaryandMiddleSchools:AnInstrumentalVariablesApproach.American
EducationalResearchJournalavailableat:
http://69.8.231.237/uploadedFiles/Divisions/School_Evaluation_and_Program_Development_(H
)/Awards/Cat_2_GOTTFRIED_ONLINE_FIRST.pdf

Lamdin,DouglasJ.EvidenceofStudentAttendanceasanindependentVariableinEducation
ProductionFunctions.TheJournalofEducationalResearchavailableat:
http://www.gb.nrao.edu/~sheather/new%20lit/ContentServer.pdf
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policies.Inthisrole,ODEmustcommunicatepolicytodistricts,buildings,schoolboardsandstakeholder
groups;monitordistrictsforcompliance;andprovidesupportandinfrastructureforcontinued
implementationoffederalandstatefamilyandcommunityengagementpolicies.Inaddition,ODE
policiesshouldincludeevidencebasedguidanceforimplementation.
ODEalsoprovidesexperttechnicalassistanceandsupporttofacilitatethedevelopmentandcontinuous
improvementofprogramsforschool,familyandcommunitypartnerships.
Inthiscapacity,asdescribedinODEsRecommendedRolesandResponsibilitiesforSupportingSchool,
Family,andCommunityPartnerships,ODEmust:
x Provideadequatestafftomonitorcomplianceoffederalandstatelawsandpolicies;
x Secureadequatefundingforsupportingstatelevelgoalsandprovideguidancefordistrict
allocationoffunding;
x Allocatefundsforstafftodeveloptoolsandresources,andtoconductcompliancereviews;and
x Provideguidancetodistrictsintheuseoffederalentitlementfunds,statefundsandother
fundingsourcesavailableforsupportingschool,familyandcommunitypartnerships.
Asdescribedearlierinthisreport,EMISisODEsprimarysystemforcollectingstudent,staff,course,
program,andfinancialdatafromOhiospublicschools.ThedatacollectedviaEMISareusedtodetermine
bothstateandfederalperformanceaccountabilitydesignations,producethelocalreportcards,calculate
andadministerstatefundingtoschooldistricts,determinecertainfederalfundingallocations,andmeet
federalreportingrequirements.ThedatacollectedthroughEMISprovidethefoundationforOhiossoon
tobedevelopedP20StatewideLongitudinalDataSystem,intendedtomeetalloftheAmerica
COMPETESActelements.Also,ODElaunchedanewlyredesignedEMISsystem(EMISR)inJanuary2012.
EMISRisintendedtoprovideenhancedsystemfunctionalitythatwillimprovethetimelinessandquality
ofthedatawhilesimplifyingtheprocess.
RoleofInformationTechnologyCentersandStudentInformationSystemVendors
Thereare23governmentalcomputerserviceorganizationsservingmorethan1,000educationalentities
and1.8millionstudentsinthestateofOhio.Theseorganizations,knownasInformationTechnology
Centers(ITCs),andtheirusersmakeuptheOhioEducationComputerNetwork(OECN)authorized
pursuanttoSection3301.075oftheRevisedCode.
ITCsprovideinformationtechnologyservicestoschooldistricts,communityschools,jointvocational
schools(JVS)/career&technical,educationalservicecenters(ESCs)andparochialschools;however,not
allschoolssubscribetothesameservices.Thereforesoftwareapplicationscanvarybetweenschools,
eveniftheyaremembersofthesameITC.
Asnotedearlier,notallschoolsuseanITC.Typicallylargerschooldistricts,suchasColumbusCSDand
ClevelandMSD,maintaintheirowninhousedatacenters.
SchoolsuseSISsoftwareapplicationstoelectronicallymanagestudentdata.Thereareapproximately26
differentSISapplicationsdevelopedbyvariousvendorsusedbyschoolsinthestateofOhio.SIS
applicationsaresometimesdistributedbyanITC,butnotalways.Someschoolscontractwithavendor
directlytoobtainaSISapplicationordeveloptheirownSISinhouse.SISapplicationsareusedto
electronicallystoreinformationrelatedto:
Studentdemographics
Studentscheduling
Studentattendance
Page|13

Studentregistration/enrollment
Studentwithdrawal
Studentgrades
Studenttestscores
7. USEOFREPORTSANDOTHERDATASOURCES
Tocompletethisreport,auditorsgatheredandassesseddatafromtheselectedschooldistricts;
conductedinterviewswithUSDOE,ODE,ITCs,SISvendors,anddistrictpersonnel.Datafromexternal
sources,suchastheSISvendors,werenottestedforreliability.

Wealsousedthefollowinggoverningsourcestoassistinourreview:
x FederalFamilyEducationalRightsandPrivacyAct(FERPA),20U.S.C.1232(g)
x IndividualswithDisabilitiesEducationAct(IDEA),(Pub.L.No.108446;20USC1400etseq.)
x NoChildLeftBehindActof2001
x TitleI,PartAoftheElementaryandSecondaryEducationAct(ESEA),asamended(Pub.L.No.
107110(20USC6301through6339and6571through6578)
x AmericanRecoveryandReinvestmentAct(ARRA)
x TitleIprogramregulationsat34CFRpart200
x 2011OMBComplianceSupplement
x TheEducationDepartmentGeneralAdministrativeRegulations(EDGAR)at34CFRparts76,77,
81,82,98,and99
x Certainrequirementsof34CFRpart299(GeneralProvisions)
x OhioRevisedCode(ORC)3301.0714
x ODE2011EMISManual

8. METHODOLOGY
ReportcarddataaresubmittedtoODEbyeachschooldistrict.Thereportcarddataarefilteredthrougha
specialsetofODEbusinessrulesusedtogetthemostaccuratedatafortheaccountabilitycalculations.
Forexample,theFAYrulelimitsthesetofstudentswhosedataareusedintheproficiencycalculationsto
thosewhohavebeenintheschoolordistrictthemajorityoftheyear.Inmostschoolsanddistricts,thisis
asubsetofthestudentsthatareactuallyenrolledontestingday.Whentryingtoshowtheinstructive
effectivenessofaschoolordistrict,itmakessensetolimitthepopulationtothosestudentswhowere
actuallyintheschoolordistrictthemajorityoftheyear.ManyotherODEbusinessrulesarealsoapplied
togetthedatathatbestrepresentwhatishappeningineachschoolanddistrict.

ThedataonaschoolordistrictsreportcardisreportedtoODEthroughEMIS(EducationManagement
InformationSystem)bythedistrictsEMIScoordinatoroveraseriesofreportingperiodsthroughoutthe
year.Themajorityofdataforthelocalreportcardsaresubmittedoverthecourseofeightweeksduring
thesummer.Thedataisextractedfromtheschoolanddistrictstudentinformationsystems(SIS)andsent
toODEthroughtheschooldistrictsInformationTechnologyCenter(ITC)ordatacenteriftheydonot
haveacontractedserviceagreementwithanITC.Theschoolsdonotuseauniformdistrictstudent
informationsystem.Newdatacanbesenteachweekifdistrictschoose.Eachweekfollowingdata
submission,aseriesofdataverificationreportsaresentfromODEtodistrictEMIScoordinatorsandITCs.
ThesereportsareintendedtohelpEMIScoordinatorsandITCsensurethatthedatawasuploaded
accuratelyandsuccessfully.However,inpractice,duetothefacttheprojectionsintheSecureData
Centershowschoolanddistrictdesignationswithoutthevalueaddedcomponent,whichcanonly
Page|14

improveaschoolordistrictsdesignation,thesereportsprovideschoolsanddistrictswithincentiveand
opportunitytoscrubtheirattendanceandenrollmentdatasubmissionstoimprovereportcardresults.
Amidtheseconcernsandafterirregularenrollmentandattendancepracticeswerediscoveredinthe
Columbus,Toledo,andLocklandschooldistricts,theAOSinitiatedastatewideanalysisofschool
attendancerecordstodeterminewhetherOhioschoolsmanipulatedtheirenrollmentandattendance
numbersinordertoboosttheirperformance(i.e.,scrubbing)andtodetermineifotherproblemsexisted
intheEMISreportingprocess.

Forthisfirstphaseoftesting,AOSinitiallyselected100schoolswiththehighestnumberofstudentsthat
tooktheassessmenttestsandwhosetestscoresweresubsequentlypushedtothestatebasedonabreak
inenrollmentorchangeintheWKC.However,AOSnotedtwodistricts,ColumbusCitySchoolDistrictand
ClevelandMunicipalCitySchoolDistrict,hadalargenumberofschoolsincludedintheinitialselection.In
anefforttoachievemorediversecoverageinOhioschoolsselectedforinitialtesting,AOSnarrowedthe
schoolsintheColumbusCSDandClevelandMSDtoonlytenand15schools,respectively,basedonthe
schoolswiththegreatestnumberofstudentspushedtothestatesreportcard.Furthermore,AOS
selectedanadditional28schooldistrictstoincludeinitstestingsample.Thegoalofthefirstphaseof
testingwastoobtainageneralunderstandingofhowtheEMISsystemoperatesandhowschoolsmight
usebreaksinenrollmenttoimprovereportcardresults.Thedatacollectedfromthistestingwillbeused
todeterminethemosteffectiveandefficienttestingapproachtoaddressthesecondphaseoftheAOS
reviewtestingapproximately3,400schools.

AOSperformedthefollowingproceduresforeachoftheselectedschoolsordistricts:
x Reviewedschoolsenrollment,attendance,andwithdrawalpoliciesandpractices.Eachboardis
requiredunderOhioRev.Code3321.191toadoptapolicytoguideemployeesinaddressing
andamelioratingthehabitualtruancyofstudents.Forexample,iftheboardhasestablishedan
alternativeschool,assignmenttothealternativeschoolmustbeincludedinthepolicyasan
interventionsstrategy.

x Tracedbreaksinstudentenrollmenttosupportingattendancerecordstodetermine
reasonablenessandtimelinessofbreaksinenrollment.PursuanttoODEs2011EMISManual
Chapter2,StudentData,supportingattendancerecordsshouldinclude,butnotbelimitedto:
o Notesandotherverificationinformationrelativetoexcusedabsencesandtardiness;
o Authorizedmedicalexcuses;
o Expulsionnotificationstostudentsandparentsorguardians;
o Telephoneandmeetinglogsdescribingnatureandtimingofcontactwithstudent
parentsorguardiansandreasonsforabsence;
o Noticestoparents,guardians,andtruancyofficersdemonstratingdueprocessunder
OhioRev.Code3321.191andtheboardapprovaltruancypolicies;
o Courtandparent/guardianordersforstudentplacementinhomesorinstitutions;
o Transcriptrequestsfromotherschooldistrictssupportingstudentmobility;
o Evidencethatthestudentcompletedcourserequirementsbutdidnottakethe
appropriatestatewideassessmentsrequiredforgraduation;
o Evidencethatthestudentis18yearsoldandnolongerunderthepurviewofthe
CompulsoryEducationAct;and
o OthersourcedocumentssuchaslistsofLimitedEnglishProficient(LEP)students,
studentsinopenenrollment,studentsattendingclassesatanEducationalService
Center(ESC),CareerTechnicalPlanningDistrict(CTPD),orJointVocationalSchool(JVS),
andstudentsenrolledinPostSecondaryEnrollmentOptions(PSEO).
Page|15

Allexcusesfromparents,andotherdocuments,regardlessofformatorcondition,become
officialattendancerecords.OhioRev.Code3317.031requiresthe,membershiprecordshall
bekeptintactforatleastfiveyearsandshallbemadeavailabletotheStateBoardofEducation
oritsrepresentativeinmakinganauditoftheaveragedailymembershiporthetransportation
ofthedistrict.Membershiprecordencompassesmuchmorethanjustattendancerecords.
Asdefinedinstatute,itincludes:name,dateofbirth,nameofparent,dateenteredschool,
datewithdrawnfromschool,dayspresent,daysabsent,andthenumberofdaysschoolwas
openforinstructionwhilethepupilwasenrolled.

9. SUMMARYOFRESULTS
ThefollowingisasummaryofAOStestingresultsoverenrollmentforthe201011schoolyearonselected
schoolsandschooldistrictstodate.

9.1. SYSTEMICSTATEWIDEISSUES
LackofWrittenAttendancePolicies
TheNCLBActandESEAincludeFederalflexibilitiesandpoliciestoStatesfordesigningtheirownstudent
attendancerequirements,whicharenotstatic.TheU.S.Congressfeltstatesshouldhaveflexibilityto
determinetherequirednumberofschooldaysinaschoolyearanddeveloptheirowntruancyprocesses.
However,withdrawingtruantstudentswithoutadjudicationtoimprovethereportcardwasclearlynot
theintentoftheU.S.Congress.TheNCLBandESEAalreadyincludefactorstotakeintoconsideration
thelawofaveragesbyremovingtheworstandbeststudentsinschoolbuildingsanddistrictsfrom
significantreportcardcomputationssothatnoschoolbuildingordistrictispenalizedorrewardedfor
itsoutliers.

OhioRev.Code3321.19definestruancyandempowersOhioschoolgoverningboardstoadopttheir
ownpoliciesforinterventionandwithdrawalofstudents.Ifaparent,guardian,orothercustodianofa
habitualtruantfailstocausethechildsattendanceatschool,theboardofeducationmayproceedwith
aninterventionstrategyinaccordancewithitsadoptedpolicy,mayinitiatedelinquencyproceedings,or
both.EachboardisrequiredunderOhioRev.Code3321.191toadoptapolicytoguideemployeesin
addressingandamelioratingthehabitualtruancyofstudents.Iftheboardhasestablishedanalternative
school,assignmenttothealternativeschoolmustbeincludedinthepolicyasaninterventionstrategy.
Currently,whilecertainschoolassociationorganizationsprovidesamplepolicies,ODEdoesnothave
writtenbusinessrulesthatprovidespecificpoliciesordirectiontoschoolboards.Basedontheintentof
thestateandfederalstatutesthatfollow,itisclearthatschoolboardsshouldimmediatelynotifystudents
andtheirparentsorguardiansthatthestudentisdeemedtruant,provideanopportunityforintervention,
counseling,truancypreventionmediation,andparentalinvolvementprograms;notifytheRegistrarof
MotorVehicles,ifapplicable;takeappropriatelegalaction;andassignthestudenttoanalternative
schoolpriortoaschoolwithdrawingthestudentduetotruancy.Additionally,OhioRev.Code3321.13
(B)(2)requirestheSuperintendentdevelopadministrativeguidelinesthatestablishproperproceduresso
thestudentandhis/herparentsareprovidedtheopportunitytochallengetheattendancerecordpriorto
notificationandwithdrawalofstudents.

TheconceptofdueprocesspriortowithdrawaloftruantstudentsisfurtheremphasizedbytheNLCBAct
andIDEA.TheNCLBActrequireseveryTitleIeligiblechildbeservedundertheprogram.Withdrawing
studentspriortoreceivingdueprocessinaccuratelyinflatestheschoolsAYPreportcardrating,which
resultsinanunderstatementofTitleIallocationstotheeligiblebuildingswithinaschooldistrict.
OverstatementandunderstatementofTitleIallocationscanimpactfederalfundinginotherfederal
Page|16

programssinceODEmustuseTitleIfundingallocationstodistributeahostofotherFederalprogramsto
schools,suchasthefederalPerkinsCareerTechnicalfundingforexample.

Similarly,IDEArequiresschooldistrictsprovideanalternativesettingfortheeducationofstudentsthat
arelegitimatelytruant.Failuretoprovideanopportunityfortruantstudentstoreceiveanalternative
meansofeducationisafundamentalviolationoftheintentofIDEA.
AOSidentifiedsystemicconcernsregardingthewithdrawalofstudentsduetotruancywithoutcourt
adjudication.Whilemostschoolshadwrittenpoliciesfortruancy,thesepolicieswereincomplete,lacked
clearlydefinedproceduresforwithdrawal,orcontravenedthedueprocessproceedingsfortruant
students.RefertoSections11.1and11.2forlistsofthetop100schoolswithsystemicandepisodic
issues,respectively,andSection11.5fortheresultsoftestingfortheadditional28schooldistricts
pertainingtoincompleteorpoorlydefinedstudentwithdrawalpolicies.
Thelackofclearlydefinedwrittenproceduresfortruancyandwithdrawalofstudents,includingspecified
dueprocessforstudentsandparentsandstrategiesforintervention,priortoastudentswithdrawalfrom
aschoolsreportcardcreatesinconsistenciesinthelocalreportcardratings.Additionally,sinceschools
receivefederalawardallocationsbasedbothonU.S.Censusdataandtheircorrespondingschoolreport
cardrankings,withlowerrankingschoolsreceivingahigherpercentageofavailablefederalfunding,a
schoolsfailuretocountallstudentsbeingeducatedwithintheschoolneglectsstudentsthathavearight
tobeservedbyfederalprograms.

LackofDueProcessPriortoWithdrawal
Specialprovisionsofthelawapplytoanystudentwhoisconsideredtobeeitherahabituallytruantora
chronictruant.OhioRev.Code2151.011defineshabitualtruantasaschoolagechildwhoisabsent
fromschoolwithoutlegitimateexcuseforfiveormoreconsecutivedays,sevenormoredaysinaschool
month,or12ormoreschooldaysinaschoolyear.OhioRev.Code3313.62definesaschoolmonthas
fourschoolweeks.OhioRev.Code2151.011and2152.02defineachronictruantasaschoolage
childwhoisabsentfromschoolwithoutlegitimateexcuseforsevenormoreconsecutivedays,tenor
moredaysinaschoolmonth,or15ormoredaysinaschoolyear.

Ifaparent,guardian,orothercustodianofahabitualtruantfailstocausethechildsattendanceat
school,theboardofeducationmayproceedwithaninterventionstrategyinaccordancewithitsadopted
policy,mayinitiatedelinquencyproceedings,orboth,pursuanttoOhioRev.Code3321.19.Eachboard
isrequiredunderOhioRev.Code3321.191toadoptapolicytoguideemployeesinaddressingand
amelioratingthehabitualtruancyofstudents.Iftheboardhasestablishedanalternativeschool,
assignmenttothealternativeschoolmustbeincludedinthepolicyasaninterventionsstrategy.
Iftheparent,guardian,orothercustodianofachronictruantfailstocausethechildsattendanceat
school,theboardmustproceeddirectlywiththefilingofdelinquencyproceedingsinthejuvenilecourtby
filingacomplaintjointlyagainstthestudentandtheparent,guardian,orothercustodiantohavethechild
declaredadelinquentchildbyreasonofsuchtruancyOhioRev.Code3321.19.

TheconceptofdueprocesspriortowithdrawaloftruantstudentsisfurtheremphasizedbytheNLCBAct
andIDEA.TheNCLBActrequireseveryTitleIeligiblechildbeservedundertheprogram.Withdrawing
studentspriortoreceivingdueprocessinaccuratelyinflatestheschoolsAYPreportcardrating,which
resultsinanunderstatementofTitleIallocationstotheeligiblebuildingswithinaschooldistrict.
OverstatementandunderstatementofTitleIallocationscanimpactfederalfundinginotherfederal
programssinceODEmustuseTitleIfundingallocationstodistributeahostofotherFederalprogramsto
schools,suchasthefederalPerkinsCareerTechnicalfundingforexample.

Page|17

Similarly,IDEArequiresschooldistrictsprovideanalternativesettingfortheeducationofstudentsthat
arelegitimatelytruant.Failuretoprovideanopportunityfortruantstudentstoreceiveanalternative
meansofeducationisafundamentalviolationoftheintentofIDEA.

Achildisnottruantuntilacourtadjudicatesthechildtruantunderthestatutesnotedabove,and
therefore,cannotbewithdrawnfromaschoolforreasonoftruancypriortothecourtsadjudication.
2

However,fortheschoolstestedasofthedateofthisreport,AOSfoundthefollowingschoolshad
systemicweaknessesintheapplicationofdueprocessandwithdrewstudentswithoutcourt
determinationoftruancy:
x CampbellCSD,IRN043703
x ClevelandMSD,IRN#043786
x ColumbusCSD,IRN#043802
x ToledoCSD,IRN#044909

Asaresult,thedistrictandbuildingreportcardscouldpotentiallybemisstatedduetothesestudents
beingsenttotheStatesreportcardwithoutcourtdeterminationoftruancy.RefertoSections11.1and
11.2forlistsofthetop100schoolswithsystemicandepisodicissues,respectively,andSection11.5for
theresultsoftestingfortheadditional28schooldistrictspertainingtoincompleteorpoorlydefined
studentwithdrawalpolicies.

MaintainingOfficialStudentAttendanceRecords
TheFamilyEducationalRightsandPrivacyLaw(FERPA),20U.S.Code,protectstherightsofstudentsand
theirparentsregardingconfidentiality,accesstoinformationandentitlementtoadueprocesshearingifa
disagreementarises.ParentsandeligiblestudentsmustbenotifiedannuallyoftheirrightsunderFERPA.
Amongotherthings,thislawrequiresthataschoolmustmaintain:(1)alogofrequestsforaccessto
informationfromeducationrecordsaslongastherecordsthemselvesaremaintained;(2)parental
statementscommentingonstudentrecordsaslongastherecordsaremaintained;and(3)educational
recordsforwhichthereisanoutstandingrequestbyaparenttoinspectorreview.

IDEA,20U.S.C.1400,providesallstudentswithaFreeAppropriatePublicEducation(FAPE).Regarding
studentrecords,IDEAprovidesparentswiththerighttorequestthatschoolofficialsdestroyrecords
whicharenolongerneeded.

Section427ofGeneralEducationProvisionsAct(GEPA),20U.S.C.1232f.,requirespublicschoolentitiesto
includeintheirapplicationsforFederalfundsanexplanationofhowitsprogramwillensureequitable
accessforstudents,teachers,andotherprogrambeneficiarieswithspecialsneeds.Thislawstatesthat
recipientsoffederalfundsmustretainrecordsforthreeyearsafterthecompletionoftheactivityfor
whichfundsareused.SpecialeducationrecordssuchasIndividualizedEducationPlans(IEPs)and
evaluationsreportsareexamplesofrecordscoveredbyGEPAsrecordsretentionrequirements.

However,OhioRev.Code3317.031includesamorerestrictiveburdenformaintainingschool
attendancerecords.Allexcusesfromparents,andotherdocuments,regardlessofformatorcondition,
becomeofficialattendancerecords.OhioRev.Code3317.031requiresthismembershiprecordbekept
intactforatleastfiveyearsandshallbemadeavailabletotheStateBoardofEducationorits
representativeinmakinganauditoftheaveragedailymembershiporthetransportationofthedistrict.

2
NotethatOhiolawtreatsdifferentlywithdrawal(ORC3321.13)andtruancy(ORC3321.19etseq.).
Withdrawalisanaction,whichmusthaveastatutorilyauthorizedreason;truancyisoneofmany
authorizedreasons.
Page|18

SincetheOhioRev.Codeismorerestrictive,thefiveyearrequirementforstudentrecordsretentionfrom
OhioRev.Code3317.031supersedesthethreeyearperiodspecifiedinfederallegislation.

AlthoughOhioisunderaflexibilitywaiver,studentattendanceisstillarequiredpartoftherevised
accountabilitystructure.Therefore,schoolsmustmaintainadequatestudentattendancerecordsto
supportattendanceeventsreportedinEMIStoODE,whicharethenincludedinthecalculationofthe
localreportcards.Basedonthetestingresultstodate,thelackofappropriatestudentattendance
recordsisanimportantconcern.

Themajorityofschoolsmaintainsomesupportingdocumentationtosupportbreaksinenrollmentas
reportedtoODE.However,thelackofappropriatesupportingdocumentationwassystemicforcertain
schools,causingsignificantconcernsaboutbuildingordistrictwideAYPdeterminationsinthelocal
reportcard.

Also,OhioRev.Code3313.672requiresschoolsobtainspecificrecordsfromnewstudentsduringthe
admissionprocessforenrollment.SeeSection11.1ofthisreportforalistofschoolswithasystemiclack
ofstudentattendancesupportingdocumentationandSections11.2and11.5forlistsofschoolsand
districts,respectively,withalesspervasive,episodiclackofstudentattendancedocumentation.

Asamatterofpractice,basedontheguidanceincludedinODEs2011EMISManual,Chapter2,schools
shouldnotwithdrawstudentsfortruancy,changeofresidency,orotherreasonsuntilreceivingproofthat
thestudenthasbeendeterminedtobetruantbythecourtorisattendinganotherschooldistrict.
Additionally,duringtestingofenrollmentforthe201011schoolyear,AOSidentifiedmanyschoolsthat
purgedstudentattendancerecordsuponstudentturning18yearsofageorwithinoneyearofgraduating
highschool,whichiscontrarytothefiveyearstudentrecordsretentionperiodrequiredbyOhioRev.
Code3317.031.

AdequateYearlyProgressforTitleISchools
TitleI,Sections1116(a)and(b)(1),(7),and(8)oftheESEA(20USC6316(a)and(b)(1),(7),and(8))and34
CFRsections200.30through200.34requireschooldistrictsannuallyreviewtheprogressofeachschool
servedunderTitleI,PartAtodeterminewhethertheschoolhasmadeAYP.Everyschoolanddistrict
mustmeetAYPgoalsthattheODEAccountabilityModel(approvedbyUSDOE)hasestablishedforreading
andmathematicsproficiencyandtestparticipation,attendancerateandgraduationrate.AYP
determinationsfordistrictsandschoolsarebasedontestparticipationandproficiencyrategoals.These
goalsareevaluatedforthestudentgroupswhentheminimumsubgroupsizehasbeenmet.AYP
graduationandattendancegoalsareevaluatedfortheAllStudentsgrouponly.Failuretomeetanyof
theproficiencyorparticipationgoals,attendancelevelsorgraduationtargetsresultsinthedistrictor
schoolnotmeetingAYP.

TitleI,Sections1111(h)(2)and1116(a)(1)(C)ofESEA(20USC6311(h)(2)and6316(a)(1)(C))and34CFR
sections200.36through200.38alsorequireeachschooldistrictthatreceivesTitleI,PartAfundsprepare
anddisseminatetoallschoolsinthedistrictandtoallparentsofstudentsattendingthoseschoolsan
annualdistrictwidereportcardthat,amongotherthings,includesthenumber,names,andpercentageof
schoolsidentifiedforschoolimprovementandhowlongtheschoolshavebeensoidentified.

TheStateofOhioanditsschoolareobligatedundertheNCLBActtoensureinformationreportedintheir
respectivereportscardsisaccurateandcomplete.However,thelackofappropriatesupporting
documentationwassystemicforcertainschools,causingsignificantconcernsaboutbuildingordistrict
wideAYPdeterminationsinthelocalreportcard.

Page|19

SeeSection11.1ofthisreportforalistofschoolswithasystemiclackofstudentattendancesupporting
documentationandSections11.2and11.5forlistsofschoolsanddistricts,respectively,withaless
pervasive,episodiclackofstudentattendancedocumentation.

9.2. SCHOOLSWITHEVIDENCEOFSCRUBBING
ScrubbingIndicators
Forthepurposesofthisreport,scrubbingisthepracticeofremovingstudentsfromenrollmentwithout
lawfulreason,regardlessofthepurportedmotivation.Thetermscrubbingdoesnotnecessarilyimply
malintent.Basedontestingperformedasofthedateofthisreport,fiveschooldistrictsemployed
questionableattendancepoliciesandpracticeswhichAOSbelievesisanindicationthattheseschools
wereatahigherriskforscrubbingattendancedatatoimprovetheirlocalreportcards.Asfurther
describedbelow,theseschoolswithdrewstudentsbasedonapatternofabsences,whichcouldhave
beeninfluencedbylowertestscores,withouttruancyadjudication.Insomecases,AOSwasableto
obtainSIStransactionmodificationdatatodeterminetheexactdateonwhichschoolswithdrewstudents,
notingcertaininstancesofretroactivewithdrawals.
9.2.1. COLUMBUSCITYSCHOOLDISTRICT
Asdescribedearlierinthisreport,theAOSwascontactedbytheColumbusCSDsSuperintendentabout
thepossibilityofdistrictofficialsretroactivelywithdrawingstudents.TheAOSmetwiththeInternal
Auditor(IA),atwhichtimetheIApresentedareportindicatingapproximately10,000withdrawnstudents
withretroactiveSIStransactionmodificationdatesinMayorJune2011.However,thewithdrawdates
schoolsenteredforthesestudentsfellwithinthe120days(i.e.,betweentheofficialOctobercount
weekanddatesonwhichthestudentstooktheirassessmenttests).TheIAdepartmentselectedasample
fromthesestudentstoinvestigate.BasedupontheIAsreview,81outof82studentfilestestedhadno
documentationtosupporttheEMISwithdrawcodereasonusedbyschoolofficials.Furthermore,theIA
informedtheAOSoftheprocedurestheschooldistrictusedtodeterminewhichstudentsweretobe
withdrawnateachbuilding.
SeeSection11.1ofthisreportforalistofColumbusCSDschoolswithasystemiclackofstudent
attendancesupportingdocumentation.
9.2.2. TOLEDOCITYSCHOOLDISTRICT
AfternewsreportsthatColumbusCSDalteredstudentattendancedata,ToledoCSDpubliclyannounced
theytooscrubbedattendancedata.ToledoCSDofficialsindicatedtheyunderstoodthesepractices(i.e.,
removingstudentswithahighnumberofabsences)tobeallowable.AOSmetwithrepresentativesof
ToledoatwhichtimeToledoCSDexplaineditspracticeofremovingstudentswithfiveconsecutivedaysof
unexcusedabsencesandatotalof20unexcusedabsencesthroughouttheschoolyear.ToledoCSDhas
beenusingthe5/20ruleforwithdrawingstudentssince2001.However,until2005,ToledoCSDactively
removedthesestudentsthroughouttheschoolyear.In2005,ToledoCSDlostseveralhighlevel
administratorstoClevelandMSD.ToledoCSDsubsequentlyhirednewadministratorsandin2006the
localreportcardratingsfellsincethe5/20ruleforwithdrawingstudentswasnolongerinplace.After
realizinglowerreportcardrankings,ToledoCSDadministratorsdecidedtoreinstitutethe5/20rulefor
withdrawingstudentsinthefollowingschoolyear.However,insteadofwithdrawingstudentsthroughout
theschoolyear,ToledoCSDwaiteduntilaftertheyreceivedthefirstreportfromtheSecureDataCenter
fromODEduringthereportingperiodprojectingthedistrictsreportcardrankings.ToledoCSDinformed
AOSthattheyremovedallstudentsthatmetthe5/20criteria,regardlessofassessmenttestscoreresults
fortheaffectedstudents.However,AOSisstillinvestigatingtheseclaimsandwillreportitsresultslater.
Page|20

9.2.3. CLEVELANDMUNICIPALSCHOOLDISTRICT
ODEprovidedtheAOSwithalistshowingthestaterollupofstudents,percentageofrollupstudents,
testedstaterollupstudents,andpercentageoftestedrollupstudentsforeachdistrictthroughoutthe
State.ClevelandMunicipalCitySchoolDistrict(MSD)wastoponthislistforthe20102011schoolyear.
ClevelandMSDshowed19,633studentsrolledup(34.4%)and12,235testedstudentsrolledup(21.4%).
OurreviewatClevelandMSDshowedthefollowing:
OfthestudentsrolleduptotheStateasdescribedabove,AOSprovidedClevelandMSDalist
ofapproximately3,700studentsfrom15schoolsforreview.ClevelandMSDofficials
indicatedduetothenumberoffilesrequestedandthemobilityofstudents,thefilescould
notbecompletelygatheredforreviewfromthe15schoolsincludedontheinitialrequest.
ClevelandMSDofficialsdeterminedtherequestedfileswerelocatedat109differentschools
withinthedistrict.Assuch,thisprolongedthegatheringofthesefilesandthe3,700files
werenotgatheredintheirentiretyatthetimeofthisreport.

AOSwasabletoconductalimitedreviewofcertainfilesatthreeClevelandMSDschools:
WaltonElementarySchool,CollinwoodHighSchool,andLincolnWestHighSchool.There
wasinsufficientdocumentationinall48filesreviewedatWaltonElementarySchool,inall12
filesreviewedatCollinwoodHighSchool,andallsixfilesreviewedatLincolnWestHigh
School.Additionally,AOScalledthreeadditionalClevelandMSDschools,JohnAdamsHigh
School,GlenvilleHighSchool,andBuckeyeWoodlandElementarySchool,notingsuch
supportingdocumentationwasalsonotincludedwithinstudentfilesattheseschools.
ClevelandMSDdoesnothaveapolicyregardingcompletingandmaintainingenrollmentor
withdrawalforms.OnceinformationisenteredintotheelectronicSISsystem,districtpolicy
doesnotrequireschoolstomaintainanyspecificformssignedbyparentsorguardiansorto
maintainanyotherdocumentationreceivedfromorsenttootherschooldistricts.AOS
determinedClevelandMSDcouldnotbeauditedpursuanttotheestablishedstatewide
proceduresduetothelackofsupportingdocumentationmaintained.

Regardingtruanciesforthe20102011schoolyear,ClevelandMSDwithdrewstudentsunder
EMISwithdrawcode71ifthestudentshadfiveormoreconsecutiveunexcusedabsences.
ClevelandMSDofficialsindicatedthewithdrawalofthesestudentsoccurredbothduringthe
yearandattheendoftheyear.ClevelandMSDofficialsalsostatedthisprocedurewas
applieduniformlytoallstudentsmeetingthethresholdoffiveormoreunexcusedabsences
duringthe20102011schoolyear.
Basedontheinformationgatheredtodate,itappearsevidentthatnoneorvirtuallynoneofthestudent
filespreviouslyrequestedwillincludenecessarysupportingdocumentationrelatedtotheattendance
eventcausingthestudenttobepushedtotheStateduringthe20102011schoolyear.Additionally,it
appearsClevelandMSDpotentiallyremovedtruantstudentsundercode71withoutfullcompletionand
documentationoftruancydueprocess.
AOSiscurrentlyobtainingelectronicdatainanattempttodeterminetheimpactofClevelandMSD
processesandproceduresonaccountabilityreportingandwewillreportresultsinalaterreport.

Page|21

9.2.4. MARIONCITYSCHOOLDISTRICT
Duringthecourseoftesting,AOSnotednumerousinstancesofstudentsbeingautomaticallytransferred
totheMarionDigitalAcademyduringthe201011schoolyear.Assuch,thesestudentswereincludedon
thelistofthosestudentsbeingpushedtotheStateandexcludedfromDistrictreportcardresults.
Inmanyofthesecases,thestudentfileincludedaletterindicatingthefollowing:
{Student}hasmissedfour(4)daysofschoolthisquarter,whichviolatesourattendancepolicy.
{Student}haslostallhighschoolcreditforthecurrentquarterofthe20102011schoolyear.
Duetononattendanceandthelossofcreditforthequarter,weareenrolling{Student}inacredit
recoveryprogramthroughMarionCityDigitalAcademy.Whilehomecomputerswillnotbe
provided,MarionCityDigitalAcademywillprovidecomputeraccessatHardingHighSchoolfrom
12:002:30,inrooms126and127.StudentsareresponsiblefortransportationtoHardingHigh
SchoolandwillnotbepermittedinotherareasoftheHardingHighSchoolCampus.
Wewish{Student}thebestofluckinallfutureendeavors.Ifyouhaveanyquestionsconcerning
thisnoticeor{Students}attendancepleasecontacttheMarionDigitalAcademy.
ThestudentwasthenwithdrawnfromMarionCSDandenrolledintheMarionCityDigitalAcademy.AOS
determinedthispracticewasonlyinplaceduringthe20102011andtheDistrictinformedAOSverbally
thatithassincedeemedthisinterventionunsuccessfulandeliminatedit.
AOSidentified46studentstransferringtoMarionCityDigitalAcademyduringthe20102011schoolyear
withnoparentorguardianinitiationorapprovalincludedinMarionCSDsstudentfiles.
SeeSection11.1ofthisreportforalistofMarionCSDschoolswithasystemiclackofstudentattendance
supportingdocumentation.
9.2.5. CAMPBELLCITYSCHOOLDISTRICT
AOStestedMemorialHighandCampbellMiddleSchoolsatCampbellCSD(MahoningCounty),identifying
11(HighSchool)and29(MiddleSchool)students,respectively,thatdidnothavesupporting
documentationavailableinthestudentfilestosupportbreaksinenrollmentrelatedtothefollowing
withdrawalreasons:VerifiedMedical,Truancy,Expulsion,andHomeschool.
AOSobtainedpermissionfromtheSuperintendenttoobtainstudentdatafromtheDistrictsInformation
TechnologyCenter(ITC)tofurtherinvestigatethenatureandtimingoftheseexceptions.Uponreceiving
theITCreport,AOSfoundthat32outof40studentwithdrawalsweremaderetroactively,duringthe
monthsofMayandJune2011.
AOSiscontinuingtoinvestigatetheseretroactivewithdrawalsandwillreportfurtherresultslater.

SeeSection11.1ofthisreportforalistofCampbellCSDschoolswithasystemiclackofstudent
attendancesupportingdocumentation.

Page|22

9.3. POLICYRECOMMENDATIONSTOOHIODEPARTMENTOFEDUCATION
Theresultsofourstatewideassessmentindicatethatthereareanumberofareasrequiringcentralized,
improvedODEguidanceandimmediateclarification.ODEshouldusethisreportasamanagementtoolto
identifycriticalAccountabilitysystemsandweaknessesrequiringenhancementtoaidOhioschoolsin
Accountabilitydeterminationsandreporting.Thefollowingisasummaryofthemajorrecommendations
todateforODEstemmingfromthestatewideissuesincludedinsection9.1ofthisreport:

IndependentAccountability
Currently,ODEreliesheavilyonthehonorsystem,assumingthatschoolshonestlyreporttheirattendance
andotherdatainEMISasrequiredbylaw.ODEishandicappedbythelimitedtimeframeithasto
producethelocalreportcards.ExpandingcrosschecksandEMISdatamonitoringthroughouttheschool
yearwouldgreatlyenhanceODEsabilitytoidentifyandcorrectmistakesordetectfraudinEMIS
reporting,butmayrequireadditionalresourcesandretaskingexistingresourcestoaccomplish.

Thecurrentsystemreliesuponlocalschoolsandschooldistrictsbutthesearetheveryentitiesthatare
interestedintheoutcomeoftheaccountabilitymeasures.Thatis,thelocalbuildingordistricthasaduty
toensurecompleteandaccuratereporting,andaselfinterestinmakingthereporteddatatoappearin
thebestpossiblelightaclassicconflictofinterest.

Thesystemshouldbereformedbyintroducingindependentoversight.EMISmonitoringfunctionsshould
beperformedbyanindependentagencyorcommissionappointedbytheGeneralAssembly.Whilesuch
measureswouldrequirelegislativechange,empoweringanoutsidecommissionoranotherstate
departmenttoconductAccountabilitymonitoringincreasessegregationofduties.Alternatively,the
policy,licensingandaccountabilityfunctionscouldbedividedwithanotherexistingentitysuchasthe
BoardofRegents.

Ideally,suchmonitoringeffortsshouldbeongoingthroughouttheschoolyear,orifnotfeasible,
conductedincloseproximitytothecloseoftheacademicschoolyear.ODEandtheGeneralAssembly
shouldconsiderenactingpenaltiesandtakingcorrectivemeasures,suchastemporarysuspensionofState
Foundationfundingorfederalfundingfornoncompliantschools,untilsignificantinaccuraciesarefully
correctedbynoncompliantschools.

ODEAccountabilityMonitoring
Currently,ODEsDepartmentofAccountabilityperformshighlevelreviewsofschoolenrollment
informationatyearend,lookingforobviousanomaliesbaseduponODEsexperienceandknowledgeof
theindividualschools.ODEanalyzesschoolenrollmentdataforsignificantchangesinstudentassessment
scores,ranking,mobility,andcategorizationofstudentsinsubcategoriesasrequiredbyNCLB.Based
upontheODEEMISreportsubmissiontimeframesoutlinedintheFY2011EMISManual,thetimeframe
forODEtoconductthesereviewsislimitedbaseduponavailabilityofschooldata,allowingonlyaneight
weekwindowwithinwhichODEcanperformanalyses.Thistimeframehasbeenshortenedoverthepast
fewyearsduetoODEsendingEMISreportcarddatatoanoutofstatevendortoperformthecomplex
calculationforthevalueaddedcomponentofthereportcard.
However,ODEcollectsavastamountofinformationthroughtheirEMISsystemthatcouldbeutilizedto
increaseandstreamlineAccountabilitymonitoringeffortsandplacemorerelianceupontheinformation
thatschoolssubmittoODEinEMIS.Currently,schoolsreportenrollmentinformationtoODEinEMISina
silofashion.SchooldistrictAcannotseetheenrollmentinformationschooldistrictBsubmitstoODEor
viceversa.OnlyODEcancombineEMISdatasubmittedbymultipleschoolstotracethehistoryofstudent
mobility.ToimprovetheeffectivenessandfrequencyofODEmonitoringefforts,ODEshouldgenerate
statewideschoolreportsbySSIDnumberforkeyenrollmentandwithdrawcodes.ODEshouldutilize
thesereportstoperformanalysesandcrosscheckthetimingofstudentwithdrawsandsubsequent
Page|23

enrollmentsagainstEMISdatareportedbyindividualschoolsforcompletenessandaccuracy.While
unexplainedgapsinattendancewilllikelystilloccuronoccasionforparticularSSIDs,thistypeofrandom
andfrequentmonitoringwouldlimittheabilityforschoolstomistakenlymisreportorintentionally
scrubstudentswithoutODEinquiryandinvestigation.Thefollowingarejustafewofthewithdrawal
codesforwhichODEcouldgeneratereportsgeneratedfromEMISforanalysis:
1. Code41Withdraws,TransferstoAnotherOhioSchoolDistrict:
Asdescribedintheintroductionofthisreport,allschoolsmustgenerateanSSIDnumberfor
eachattendingstudentuponentranceintoOhiosschoolsystem(e.g.,preschoolstudents,
studentsmovingintoOhioforthefirsttime,etc.).ODEshouldgenerateaSSIDhistoryreportfor
studentsthatschoolswithdrewundercode41,ashavingtransferredtoanotherOhioschool
district.ThisreportshouldincludeallsignificantattendancetransactionsforeachSSIDthatwere
pushedtothestatebaseduponabreakintheFAYorachangeinthemajorityofattendanceIRN
assignmentasenteredinEMISbyschools.Ifastudentwaswithdrawn,thenexttransactionin
theSSIDHistoryreportforthesameSSIDnumbershouldlistthenewbuildingIRNwherethe
studentsubsequentlytransferred.IfanewbuildingIRNisnotlistedintheSSIDHistoryreport,
thiscouldbeanindicationofpossiblescrubbingthatODEshouldfurtherinvestigate.

Whileadmittedlynotfoolproof,thistypeofreportanalysiswillallowODEtoperformmore
effectivemonitoringovercode41withdrawsandlimitschoolsabilitytomisreportorscrub
attendancedata.Furthermore,ODEcanusethisreporttomonitorschoolassignmentsofnew
SSIDcodestopreventmultipleSSIDsfrombeingassignedtothesamestudentamongseveral
schooldistricts.

2. Code43Withdraws,TransferstoHomeSchooling:
Ohiolawrequiresstudentsbeingeducatedbylocalschooldistrictsthatwishtobehomeschooled
mustobtainpriorapprovalfromtheirlocaleducationservicecenter(ESC).Conversely,students
beingeducatedbycityandvillageexemptschooldistrictsonlyrequiretheschooldistricts
Superintendentapprovalforhomeschooling.Tostrengthenandfosterconsistencyinthe
reportingofapprovedhomeschooling,ODEshouldconsiderrequestingtheGeneralAssemblyto
amendtheauthoritiesandpowersofESCstoapprovehomeschoolingforallOhioschool
districts,includingcityandexemptvillagedistricts.Thiswouldcreateareliablethirdparty
resourceforODEtoconfirmapprovalofhomeschooledstudentsasreportedinEMISusingcode
43.

3. Code45Withdraws,CourtPlacedStudents:
Somestudentsaresenttothestatereportcardbasedoncourtplacement;code45,toremovea
studentfromtheirresidentialdistricttoanotherdistrictforaspecificprogram;specialeducation
needs,fosterplacement,orassignmenttoajuveniledetentioncenter.TheGeneralAssembly
shouldprovideauthorityforODEtocollectpersonallyidentifiableinformation,suchasstudent
names,toenableODEtoworkcooperativelywiththeOhioJuvenileCourtsystemandDYS
trackingandreportingtruantstudents.Thistypeofinteragencyintegrationwouldfostera
strongthirdpartyverificationofcourtpacedwithdrawsintheEMISsystem,significantly
restrictingschoolsabilitytoinaccuratelyreportorscrubstudentattendancedatausingcode45.

4. Code48Withdraws,ExpelledStudents:
ODErequiresschoolssubmitdisciplinaryinformationtoODEwhenastudentisexpelledor
suspended,whichismaintainedinODEsgeneraldisciplinedatabase.ODEcangenerateareport
ofallstudentsreportedasbeingwithdrawnunderEMIScode48duetoexpulsion.Then,ODE
cancomparetheEMIScode48expelledstudentstothosestudentsincludedinthegeneral
disciplinedatabase.Theoretically,studentswithdrawnduetoexpulsionbutwithnodisciplinary
recordonfileatODEcouldindicatepossiblescrubbingthatODEshouldfurtherinvestigate.
Page|24

5. Code71Withdraws,Truancy:
Studentsthatarehabituallytruant,reportedascode71,shouldbedeclaredsobythecourtprior
toschoolswithdrawingstudentsfromenrollment.Basedonthis,theJuvenileCourtsystemand
OhioDepartmentofYouthServices(DYS)possessrecordssufficienttoconfirmastudentscourt
placement.However,sincethecourtsdonothavetheSSIDnumbersforstudents(onlystudent
names)andODEdoesnothavestudentnames(onlySSIDnumbers),thereiscurrentlynowayfor
ODEtocrosscheckcourtplacedstudentswiththeseotherstateagencies.TheGeneral
AssemblyshouldprovideauthorityforODEtocollectpersonallyidentifiableinformation,suchas
studentnames,toenableODEtoworkcooperativelywiththeOhioJuvenileCourtsystemand
DYStrackingandreportingtruantstudents.Thistypeofinteragencyintegrationwouldfostera
strongthirdpartyverificationofcourtpacedwithdrawsintheEMISsystem,significantly
restrictingschoolsabilitytoinaccuratelyreportorscrubstudentattendancedatausingcode71.

6. Code73Withdraws,Over18YearsofAge:
Schooldistrictscanwithdrawstudentsattheirdiscretionassoonasthestudentturns18years
old,atwhichpointtheCompulsoryEducationActnolongerapplies.Sincethiswithdrawisbased
solelyonstudentstandingdata,ODEcouldgenerateanEMISreportofstudentstandingdate,
includingbirthdates,andcomparethisreporttostudentswithdrawnundercode73inEMISto
ensurethestudentwasindeed18yearsofageatthetimeofwithdrawbaseduponthestanding
data.

7. OtherWithdraws
ODEshouldconsiderwhetheradditionalEMISreportcomparisonscouldbemadeusing
significantwithdraworenrollmentcodes.Also,ODEshouldconsiderrequiringschoolstosubmit
otherinformationtoODEtosupportwithdraws,changestoWKC,changestothemajorityof
attendanceIRNnumbers,andotherdatarelevanttothereportcard.ODEcollectionof
additionalsupportingdocumentationcouldbeusedtocomparetotherespectiveEMISwithdraw
codesforcompletenessandaccuracy.
SecureDataCenter
ODEusestheSecureDataCenter(SDC)toverifyinformationsubmittedbyschooldistrictsinEMIS.ODE
returnseditchecksonthereportcarddatasubmissionstoschooldistrictsweeklyduringthecloseout
period.ThisincludesallfieldsrequiredinChapter5oftheEMISManual;however,theseeditreportsalso
indicatetheprojectedperformanceratingstatusatthebuildinganddistrictwidelevelsforthelocal
reportcard.
WhiletheconceptoftheSDCwastocorrectorverifyEMISinformation,allowingschooldistrictstorealize
theprojectedreportcardratingspriortothefinalizationofEMISdataandcloseofthesubmissionperiod
givestheschooldistrictstheopportunitytointentionallyscruborchangeEMISreportcarddatato
improvetheoutcomeoftheDistrictsfinalreportcardratings.
ODEshouldremovethereportcardperformanceratinginformationfromtheSDC,allowingschool
districtstoverifyonlytheEMISdatasubmissionswithoutprojectedrankings.Thiswillgreatlyreduce
schoolsabilitytochangetheoutcomeoftheirlocalreportcard.
CentralizationofAccountabilityResources
ODEmaintainsseveralAccountabilityresourcesinvariouslocationsonitswebsiteforschooldistrictsto
useinreportingstudentattendance,enrollment,andotherimportantreportcardfactors.However,
thereisnocentralizedManualorcrosswalkthathelpsconnecttheseresourcesandprovideclarity.ODE
shoulddevelopacentralizedlocationonitswebsitetoprovideclearinstructiononAccountability
requirementsandhowtheyrelatetoEMISreporting.
Page|25

StatewideStudentInformationSystem
Currently,mostStudentInformationsystems(SIS)thatareutilizedbyschooldistrictshaveanAuditLog
CapabilitytocaptureallchangesmadetothestandingdataintheSISsystem;however,theseauditlogs
arenotalwaysturnedonbytheschools.Also,giventhecomplexitiesofAccountabilityrulesandtheEMIS
system,thelargenumberofstudentinformationsystemvendorscreatesdifficultyreviewingreporting
andcollectingstudentenrollmentinformationinaconsistentandtimelyfashion.TheGeneralAssembly
shouldestablishasinglestatewidestudentinformationsystemsothatalldataisuniform,uniformly
reported,andaccessiblefordatamining.AlternativelyifsuchisnotfeasibletheGeneralAssemblyshould
requireODEtoapprovetheStudentInformationSystemusedbyeachdistrictinthestatetoensureit
meetsrequirements.

9.4. CONCLUSION
ThisreportincludespreliminaryfindingsabouttheAOSstatewideassessmentofschoolyear201011
studentattendanceandenrollmentsystemsforselectOhioschools.Asdescribedearlier,thepurposeof
thisassessmentwasthreefold:(1)toidentifysystemic,andpotentiallyduplicitous,studentattendance
andenrollmentpracticesamongOhioschools;(2)toproviderecommendationstotheOhioDepartment
ofEducation(ODE)formakingfuturepolicyandlegislativeimprovementstoOhiosAccountabilitysystem;
and(3)todeterminewhetherschoolsarescrubbingenrollmentdatatoimprovetheirlocalreportcard
scores.
TheAOSisreleasingthisreportasinterimcommunication,priortothecompletionofitsstatewidetesting
ofattendanceandenrollment.Accordingly,thiscommunicationisbasedontheauditprocedures
performedonselectschoolsthroughSeptember28,2012,aninterimperiod.BecauseAOShasnot
completeditstesting,additionalfindingsmaybeidentifiedandcommunicatedinalaterreport.
TheOhioStateUniversityJohnGlennSchoolofPublicAffairsisworkingwithAOStodevelopastatewide
protocolforidentifyingschoolsthathaveahigherprobabilitytoscrubattendancedatatoimprovetheir
localreportcardsforthenextphaseoftheAOSstatewideassessment.Asdescribedthroughoutthis
report,thesheercomplexityoftheaccountabilitysystemcreatesincentivesforallschoolsanddistrictsto
improveindicatorssuchasattendance,whichcouldprovepivotalinthefinaloutcomeoftheirrespective
localreportcardrankings.
TheAOSwillprovideitsnextreporttothepublicbeforetheNovemberelection.Oncethenexttesting
phaseiscompleted,AOSwillprovideafinalreport,includingresults,recommendationsforimproved
policiesandprocedures,andpossiblesuggestionsforlegislativeaction.

10. SCHOOLSSELECTEDFORTESTING

Forpurposesofthisreport,StateRollUpStudentsarethosestudentscountedonlyinthestatesreport
cardforattendanceandTestedStateRollUpStudentsaretheStateRollUpStudentsthattookthestate
assessmenttests.UsingattendancedatareportedbyschoolstoODEforthe201011schoolyear,AOS
selectedthefollowingtop100schools(asopposedtodistricts)withthehighestnumberofstudent
withdrawalsfortesting:

Page|26

District
IRN
SchoolDistrict
Name
Building
IRN SchoolName
State
RollUp
Students
Percent
ofState
RollUp
Students
Tested
State
RollUp
Students
Percentof
Tested
StateRoll
Up
Students
Total
State
RollUp
Students
1. 043489 AkronCity 009268 Akron
Opportunity
Center
43 29.7% 24 16.6% 145
2. 043489 AkronCity 027565 NorthHigh
School
310 33.0% 75 8.0% 939
3. 046623 AnsoniaLocal 000778 AnsoniaHigh
School
33 13.8% 27 11.3% 239
4. 045229 Bradford
Exempted
Village
003376 BradfordHigh
School
93 22.6% 56 13.6% 412
5. 043703 CampbellCity 024190 MemorialHigh
School
82 17.7% 52 11.3% 462
6. 043703 CampbellCity 031237 Campbell
MiddleSchool
85 18.3% 52 11.2% 465
7. 043711 CantonCity 140152 Choices
Alternative
School
182 57.2% 162 50.9% 318
8. 043711 CantonCity 042648 Community
Educational
Services
24 46.2% 11 21.2% 52
9. 043711 CantonCity 015495 Hartford
MiddleSchool
41 15.3% 24 9.0% 268
10. 048793 Cardington
LincolnLocal
004861 Cardington
LincolnHigh
School
79 18.0% 59 13.5% 438
11. 043752 CincinnatiCity 015818 GeorgeHays
JenniePorter
Elementary
139 32.8% 65 15.3% 424
12. 043752 CincinnatiCity 006015 Chase
Elementary
School
144 33.6% 54 12.6% 428
13. 043752 CincinnatiCity 029009 OylerSchool 278 34.7% 88 11.0% 802
14. 043752 CincinnatiCity 030957 Quebec
Heights
Elementary
School
171 33.9% 47 9.3% 504
15. 043752 CincinnatiCity 033134 South
Avondale
Elementary
School
177 28.1% 55 8.7% 629
16. 043760 CirclevilleCity 027201 Nicholas
Elementary
School
37 19.3% 20 10.4% 192
17. 043794 Cleveland
Heights
University
HeightsCity
002212 Bellefaire 100 72.5% 48 34.8% 138
18. 043786 Cleveland
MunicipalCity
037101 Thomas
Jefferson
School
258 91.2% 149 52.7% 283
19. 043786 Cleveland
MunicipalCity
018416 JohnMarshall
HighSchool
772 47.6% 607 37.4% 1,622
20. 043786 Cleveland
MunicipalCity
018382 JohnF
KennedyHigh
School
670 51.7% 478 36.9% 1,296
21. 043786 Cleveland
MunicipalCity
009555 EastTechnical
HighSchool
553 49.0% 384 34.0% 1,128
Page|27

District
IRN
SchoolDistrict
Name
Building
IRN SchoolName
State
RollUp
Students
Percent
ofState
RollUp
Students
Tested
State
RollUp
Students
Percentof
Tested
StateRoll
Up
Students
Total
State
RollUp
Students
22. 043786 Cleveland
MunicipalCity
025650 Mound
Elementary
School
122 40.5% 93 30.9% 301
23. 043786 Cleveland
MunicipalCity
013680 GlenvilleHigh
School
569 44.5% 385 30.1% 1,280
24. 043786 Cleveland
MunicipalCity
062315 LincolnWest
HighSchool
788 46.8% 477 28.4% 1,682
25. 043786 Cleveland
MunicipalCity
025874 TheSchoolof
One
98 50.3% 54 27.7% 195
26. 043786 Cleveland
MunicipalCity
006940 Collinwood
HighSchool
455 47.2% 260 26.9% 965
27. 043786 Cleveland
MunicipalCity
018325 JohnAdams
HighSchool
603 43.6% 347 25.1% 1,382
28. 043786 Cleveland
MunicipalCity
024687 MilesSchool 149 32.7% 113 24.8% 456
29. 043786 Cleveland
MunicipalCity
012682 Fullerton
School
151 30.7% 110 22.4% 492
30. 043786 Cleveland
MunicipalCity
067918 Buckeye
Woodland
School
124 33.3% 83 22.3% 372
31. 043786 Cleveland
MunicipalCity
039149 WaltonSchool 225 34.1% 140 21.2% 660
32. 043786 Cleveland
MunicipalCity
000489 Almira 132 29.4% 95 21.2% 449
33. 043802 ColumbusCity 040782 Westmoor
MiddleSchool
166 27.6% 166 27.6% 601
34. 043802 ColumbusCity 035253 Southmoor
MiddleSchool
129 26.7% 129 26.7% 484
35. 043802 ColumbusCity 035824 StarlingMiddle
School
86 25.6% 86 25.6% 336
36. 043802 ColumbusCity 005827 Champion
MiddleSchool
82 25.5% 82 25.5% 322
37. 043802 ColumbusCity 042499 Yorktown
MiddleSchool
140 25.3% 140 25.3% 554
38. 043802 ColumbusCity 024067 MedinaMiddle
School
139 24.9% 139 24.9% 558
39. 043802 ColumbusCity 018465 JohnsonPark
MiddleSchool
124 23.8% 124 23.8% 522
40. 043802 ColumbusCity 024067 Hilltonia
MiddleSchool
129 20.6% 129 20.6% 626
41. 043802 ColumbusCity 018465 Buckeye 132 20.5% 132 20.5% 644
42. 043802 ColumbusCity 034439 Sherwood
MiddleSchool
111 21.1% 111 21.1% 526
43. 045344 Crestline
Exempted
Village
035154 Crestline
Southeast
Elementary
School
73 32.3% 23 10.2% 226
44. 043844 DaytonCity 023986 Meadowdale
HighSchool
179 24.9% 76 10.6% 718
45. 043844 DaytonCity 023978 Meadowdale
PreK8School
130 23.7% 50 9.1% 549
46. 043950 EuclidCity 010819 EuclidHigh
School
491 18.8% 285 10.9% 2,618
47. 048843 FranklinLocal 062224 Roseville
Elementary
School
49 33.1% 18 12.2% 148
48. 044040 Garfield
HeightsCity
013144 Garfield
HeightsMiddle
School
200 19.2% 107 10.2% 1,044
Page|28

District
IRN
SchoolDistrict
Name
Building
IRN SchoolName
State
RollUp
Students
Percent
ofState
RollUp
Students
Tested
State
RollUp
Students
Percentof
Tested
StateRoll
Up
Students
Total
State
RollUp
Students
49. 044107 HamiltonCity 013102 Garfield
MiddleSchool
169 20.0% 105 12.4% 845
50. 044107 HamiltonCity 000467 Hamilton
Education
Center
659 87.7% 88 11.7% 751
51. 044107 HamiltonCity 036822 HamiltonHigh
School
293 15.0% 228 11.7% 1,955
52. 046953 HamiltonLocal 000118 Hamilton
Intermediate
School
170 19.7% 107 12.4% 862
53. 046953 HamiltonLocal 028407 Hamilton
MiddleSchool
99 17.9% 68 12.3% 552
54. 048686 Jefferson
Township
Local
018150 JeffersonHigh
School
90 29.3% 34 11.1% 307
55. 044222 LimaCity 020677 Lima
Alternative
28 47.5% 25 42.4% 59
56. 044263 LorainCity 012335 New
Beginnings
125 57.6% 61 28.1% 217
57. 044263 LorainCity 000840 General
JohnnieWilson
MiddleSchool
104 19.6% 55 10.4% 530
58. 044263 LorainCity 000841 Longfellow
MiddleSchool
86 16.5% 44 8.4% 521
59. 044297 MansfieldCity 135566 Mansfield
Integrated
Learning
Center,
Hedges
Campus
28 26.7% 13 12.4% 105
60. 044339 MarionCity 015214 HardingHigh
School
348 21.0% 208 12.5% 1,660
61. 048520 MeigsLocal 024117 MeigsHigh
School
125 17.4% 81 11.3% 717
62. 046672 Mississinawa
ValleyLocal
025122 Mississinawa
ValleyJR/SR
HighSchool
68 18.9% 38 10.6% 359
63. 044412 MtHealthy
City
035105 MtHealthy
JuniorHigh
School
147 23.3% 84 13.3% 631
64. 044446 Nelsonville
YorkCity
026567 Nelsonville
YorkHigh
School
73 16.3% 50 11.2% 447
65. 044461 NewBoston
Local
028159 Oak
Intermediate
Elementary
School
70 34.7% 28 13.9% 202
66. 044479 NewLexington
City
064865 NewLexington
HighSchool
125 17.8% 73 10.4% 702
67. 044453 NewarkCity 009213 Heritage
MiddleSchool
111 22.2% 76 15.2% 501
68. 044453 NewarkCity 027011 NewarkHigh
School
502 26.5% 249 13.1% 1,895
69. 044511 NorthCollege
HillCity
026120 NorthCollege
HillHigh
School
100 17.5% 66 11.6% 570
70. 048736 Northridge
Local
027763 Northridge
HighSchool
177 28.7% 94 15.3% 616
71. 048736 Northridge
Local
027797 EstherDennis
MiddleSchool
101 24.9% 46 11.4% 405
Page|29

District
IRN
SchoolDistrict
Name
Building
IRN SchoolName
State
RollUp
Students
Percent
ofState
RollUp
Students
Tested
State
RollUp
Students
Percentof
Tested
StateRoll
Up
Students
Total
State
RollUp
Students
72. 044628 PainesvilleCity
Local
015560 HarveyHigh
School
287 34.4% 91 10.9% 834
73. 044677 PrincetonCity 030759 PrincetonHigh
School
354 18.8% 170 9.0% 1,883
74. 047001 Reynoldsburg
City
066738 BaldwinRoad
JuniorHigh
School
101 22.4% 46 10.2% 450
75. 046599 Richmond
HeightsLocal
031583 Richmond
Heights
Secondary
School
62 17.9% 43 12.4% 347
76. 044784 SidneyCity 034561 SidneyHigh
School
314 25.8% 176 14.4% 1,218
77. 044818 Springfield
City
035527 Springfield
HighSchool
676 28.9% 146 6.2% 2,338
78. 044909 ToledoCity 033886 ScottHigh
School
283 91.0% 100 32.2% 311
79. 044909 ToledoCity 018523 SamuelM.
Jonesat
GunckelPark
Elementary
School
137 34.8% 91 23.1% 394
80. 044909 ToledoCity 014936 Leverette
Elementary
School
119 27.0% 73 16.6% 441
81. 044909 ToledoCity 032276 RogersHigh
School
311 32.1% 156 16.1% 970
82. 044909 ToledoCity 035865 StartHigh
School
554 35.4% 235 15.0% 1,567
83. 044909 ToledoCity 068478 EastBroadway
Elementary
School
157 29.0% 74 13.7% 542
84. 044909 ToledoCity 068460 Byrnedale
MiddleSchool
121 19.7% 77 12.6% 613
85. 044909 ToledoCity 023929 McTigue
Elementary
School
158 25.6% 65 10.5% 618
86. 048694 Trotwood
MadisonCity
009224 Trotwood
Madison
Elementary
116 21.2% 68 12.5% 546
87. 048694 Trotwood
MadisonCity
022194 Trotwood
Madison
MiddleSchool
171 23.2% 87 11.8% 737
88. 048694 Trotwood
MadisonCity
009223 MadisonPark
Elementary
116 29.1% 47 11.8% 399
89. 045005 Warrensville
HeightsCity
012392 Eastwood
Elementary
School
76 21.8% 50 14.4% 348
90. 049155 WesternLocal 040667 WesternHigh
School
100 24.6% 48 11.8% 406
91. 045096 WillardCity 026732 NewHaven
Elementary
School
51 30.7% 37 22.3% 166
92. 045096 WillardCity 041301 WillardMiddle
School
141 22.6% 112 17.9% 624
93. 045096 WillardCity 041319 WillardHigh
School
124 18.4% 70 10.4% 673
94. 045666 Windham
Exempted
Village
071381 Windham
JuniorHigh
School
59 30.9% 21 11.0% 191
Page|30

District
IRN
SchoolDistrict
Name
Building
IRN SchoolName
State
RollUp
Students
Percent
ofState
RollUp
Students
Tested
State
RollUp
Students
Percentof
Tested
StateRoll
Up
Students
Total
State
RollUp
Students
95. 044081 Winton
WoodsCity
066787 WintonWoods
Elementary
School
118 20.5% 66 11.5% 575
96. 045120 WoosterCity 003327 BoysVillage 113 88.3% 69 53.9% 128
97. 045161 Youngstown
City
142224 University
Project
Learning
Center
46 31.7% 21 14.5% 145
98. 045161 Youngstown
City
009506 P.RossBerry
MiddleSchool
101 20.6% 57 11.6% 490
99. 045161 Youngstown
City
038497 VolneyRogers
JuniorHigh
School
91 16.4% 52 9.4% 556
100. 045161 Youngstown
City
031138 Youngstown
EastHigh
School
176 16.0% 77 7.0% 1,097

Additionally,sinceschoolslikelyadoptedtheirattendancepracticesovertime,manywithoutpropensity
tointroducebreaksforthepurposeofimprovingattendance,AOSselectedanadditional28school
districtswithlessstudentswithdrawsfortestingandcomparisonpurposes.UnliketheTop100,AOS
testedallschoolswithinthefollowingselecteddistricts:

DistrictName DistrictIRN
1. AvonLakeCSD 048124
2. BarnesvilleEVSD 045203
3. BeachwoodCSD 043554
4. BerkshireLSD 047167
5. CentralLSD 046714
6. CrestviewLSD 046433
7. DanvilleLSD 047837
8. ElginLSD 048413
9. FairlandLSD 047936
10. FranklinLSD 048843
11. FredericktownLSD 047852
12. GoshenLSD 046342
13. IndianHillEVSD 045435
14. LakeviewLSD 050187
15. LexingtonLSD 049437
16. LincolnviewLSD 050369
17. LisbonEVSD 045450
18. MadeiraCSD 044289
19. ManchesterLSD 000442
20. MohawkLSD 050740
21. NilesCSD 044495
22. NorthCantonCSD 044503
23. OntarioLSD 049478
24. OtsegoLSD 050724
Page|31

DistrictName DistrictIRN
25. PerryLSD 045781
26. RevereLSD 050054
27. SymmesValleyLSD 047969
28 WarrenLSD 050500

11. STATUSOFSTUDENTFILETESTINGFORSUPPORTINGDOCUMENTATION

11.1. TOP100SCHOOLSWITHEVIDENCEOFSCRUBBING

Thefollowingtabledescribestheschoolswithevidenceofscrubbingidentifiedduringthe201011school
yearfortheTop100schools.Thesetestingresultsareasofthisreportdate.Testingofstudentfilesfor
someschoolsisstillindeterminate.

SCHOOLSWITHEVIDENCEOFSCRUBBING

District
IRN
School
DistrictName SchoolName
Tested
StateRoll
Up
Students
IssuesIdentified
toDate
(Seenotesfor
additional
information) Notes
1. 043703 CampbellCity Memorial
HighSchool
52 11 Lackofsupportfor11students.Nothingtoindicatethese
werevalidwithdrawsand/oradmissions.
2. 043703 CampbellCity Campbell
MiddleSchool
52 29 Lackofsupportfor29students.Nothingtoindicatethese
werevalidwithdrawsand/oradmissions.
3. 043786 Cleveland
Municipal
City
JohnMarshall
HighSchool
607 Undetermined RefertoSection9.2.3ofreport.
4. 043786 Cleveland
Municipal
City
JohnFKennedy
HighSchool
478 Undetermined RefertoSection9.2.3ofreport.
5. 043786 Cleveland
Municipal
City
EastTechnical
HighSchool
384 Undetermined RefertoSection9.2.3ofreport.
6. 043786 Cleveland
Municipal
City
Mound
Elementary
School
93 Undetermined RefertoSection9.2.3ofreport.
7. 043786 Cleveland
Municipal
City
GlenvilleHigh
School
385 Undetermined RefertoSection9.2.3ofreport.
8. 043786 Cleveland
Municipal
City
LincolnWest
HighSchool
477 Undetermined RefertoSection9.2.3ofreport.
9. 043786 Cleveland
Municipal
City
TheSchoolof
One
54 Undetermined RefertoSection9.2.3ofreport.
10. 043786 Cleveland
Municipal
City
Collinwood
HighSchool
260 Undetermined RefertoSection9.2.3ofreport.
Page|32

SCHOOLSWITHEVIDENCEOFSCRUBBING

District
IRN
School
DistrictName SchoolName
Tested
StateRoll
Up
Students
IssuesIdentified
toDate
(Seenotesfor
additional
information) Notes
11. 043786 Cleveland
Municipal
City
JohnAdams
HighSchool
347 Undetermined RefertoSection9.2.3ofreport.
12. 043786 Cleveland
Municipal
City
MilesSchool 113 Undetermined RefertoSection9.2.3ofreport.
13. 043786 Cleveland
Municipal
City
Fullerton
School
110 Undetermined RefertoSection9.2.3ofreport.
14. 043786 Cleveland
Municipal
City
Buckeye
Woodland
School
83 Undetermined RefertoSection9.2.3ofreport.
15. 043786 Cleveland
Municipal
City
WaltonSchool 140 Undetermined RefertoSection9.2.3ofreport.
16. 043786 Cleveland
Municipal
City
Almira 95 Undetermined RefertoSection9.2.3ofreport.
17. 043786 Cleveland
Municipal
City
Thomas
Jefferson
School
149 Undetermined RefertoSection9.2.3ofreport.
18. 043802 Columbus
City
Westmoor
MiddleSchool
166 58 Issuesrelatedto:
x Filesthatcouldnotbelocated.
x Unsupportedadmission/readmissiondates.
x Unsupportedwithdrawalcodesof40,41,43,71,
and74.
19. 043802 Columbus
City
Southmoor
MiddleSchool
129 16 Issuesrelatedto:
x Filesthatcouldnotbelocated.
x Unsupportedadmission/readmissiondates.
x Unsupportedwithdrawalcodesof41.
20. 043802 Columbus
City
StarlingMiddle
School
86 10 Issuesrelatedto:
x Unsupportedadmission/readmissiondates.
x Unsupportedwithdrawalcodesof40and41.
21. 043802 Columbus
City
Champion
MiddleSchool
82 7 Issuesrelatedto:
x Unsupportedadmission/readmissiondates.
x Unsupportedwithdrawalcodesof40and41.
22. 043802 Columbus
City
Yorktown
MiddleSchool
140 52 Issuesrelatedto:
x Filesthatcouldnotbelocated.
x Unsupportedadmission/readmissiondates.
x Unsupportedwithdrawalcodesof40,41,43,
and74.
Page|33

SCHOOLSWITHEVIDENCEOFSCRUBBING

District
IRN
School
DistrictName SchoolName
Tested
StateRoll
Up
Students
IssuesIdentified
toDate
(Seenotesfor
additional
information) Notes
23. 043802 Columbus
City
MedinaMiddle
School
139 34 Issuesrelatedto:
x Filesthatcouldnotbelocated.
x Unsupportedadmission/readmissiondates.
x Unsupportedwithdrawalcodesof40,41,46,
and48.
24. 043802 Columbus
City
HilltoniaMiddle
School
129 13 Issuesrelatedto:
x Unsupportedadmission/readmissiondates.
x Unsupportedwithdrawalcodesof41.
25. 043802 Columbus
City
BuckeyeMiddle
School
132 40 Issuesrelatedto:
x Filesthatcouldnotbelocated.
x Unsupportedadmission/readmissiondates.
x Unsupportedwithdrawalcodesof40,41,and
42.
26. 043802 Columbus
City
JohnsonPark
MiddleSchool
124 38 Issuesrelatedto:
x Filesthatcouldnotbelocated.
x Unsupportedadmission/readmissiondates.
x Unsupportedwithdrawalcodesof40,41,and
46.
27. 043802 Columbus
City
Sherwood
MiddleSchool
111 34 Issuesrelatedto:
x Filesthatcouldnotbelocated.
x Unsupportedadmission/readmissiondates.
x Unsupportedwithdrawalcodesof41,48,and
71.
Page|34

SCHOOLSWITHEVIDENCEOFSCRUBBING

District
IRN
School
DistrictName SchoolName
Tested
StateRoll
Up
Students
IssuesIdentified
toDate
(Seenotesfor
additional
information) Notes
28. 044339 MarionCity HardingHigh
School
208 58 RefertoSection9.2.4ofreport.
12exceptionsduetostudentsthathavegraduatedanddo
nothavesupportingenrollment/withdrawdocumentation
instudentfile(recordspurged).
46failedduetostudenttransferringtoMarionCityDigital
Academyandnoparentapprovalnotedinthestudentfile
maintainedbytheDistrict.Wealsonotedletterswithin
filesindicatingstudentswereautomaticallywithdrawnfrom
MarionCSDandenrolledintheMarionCityDigital
AcademyduringFY'11iftheyhad5ormoreunexcused
absencesinaquarter.Thistransferwasinitiatedbythe
Districtandnoparent/guardianapprovalwasnotedwithin
files.TheDistrictindicated,pertheDistrict'sattendance
policy,thatthestudenthadfailedforthecurrentquarter
basedonlackofattendanceandwasenrolledintothe
'creditrecoveryprogram'throughtheMarionCityDigital
Academy.ThispracticewasdiscontinuedaftertheFY'11
schoolyear.
29. 044909 ToledoCity ScottHigh
School
100 Undetermined RefertoSection 9.2.2ofreport.
30. 044909 ToledoCity SamuelM.
Jonesat
GunckelPark
Elementary
School
91 Undetermined RefertoSection9.2.2ofreport.
31. 044909 ToledoCity Leverette
Elementary
School
73 Undetermined RefertoSection9.2.2ofreport.
32. 044909 ToledoCity RogersHigh
School
156 Undetermined RefertoSection9.2.2ofreport.
33. 044909 ToledoCity StartHigh
School
235 Undetermined RefertoSection9.2.2ofreport.
34. 044909 ToledoCity EastBroadway
Elementary
School
74 Undetermined RefertoSection9.2.2ofreport.
35. 044909 ToledoCity Byrnedale
MiddleSchool
77 Undetermined RefertoSection9.2.39.2.2ofreport.
36. 044909 ToledoCity McTigue
Elementary
School
65 Undetermined RefertoSection9.2.2ofreport.

Page|35

11.2. TOP100SCHOOLSWITHERRORS
Thefollowingtabledescribestheschoolswithlesspervasiveerrorsinenrollmentidentifiedduringthe
201011schoolyearfortheTop100schools.Forpurposesofthisreport,errorsaredefinedassporadic
exceptionsincluding,butnotlimitedto,alackofdocumentation,missingstudentfiles,andincorrector
unsubstantiatedEMISwithdrawcodes.Thesetestingresultsareasofthisreportdate.Testingofstudent
filesforsomeschoolsisstillindeterminate.
SCHOOLSWITHERRORS

District
IRN
School
DistrictName SchoolName
Tested
StateRoll
Up
Students
IssuesIdentified
toDate
(Seenotesfor
additional
information) Notes
37. 043489 AkronCity Akron
Opportunity
Center
24 6 2 Withdrawntohomeschooling;however,thestudents
shouldnothavebeenwithdrawnbecausetheywereon
homeinstruction.
1Thereshouldnothavebeenabreakinattendance.The
studentwasenrolledatAOC,senttothePhoenixProgram
attheYMCA,thencamebacktoAOC.
1Thestudentnevershowedupforschoolandwas
withdrawnfortruancy.However,theDistrictcouldnot
providedocumentationthatthestudentwasreferredto
theOfficeofStudentServices,theDistricttruancylettersto
thestudent(requiredbypolicy),orfiledacomplaintin
juvenilecourt.Additionally,thestudentwasreenrolled
intotheDistrictatalaterdate,butnoenrollmentform
couldbeprovided.
1Thestudentwaswithdrawnon10/25/10using
withdrawalcode"45"(transferredbycourtorderto
correctionalfacility)andreenrolledintheDistricton
11/15/10.PerinquiryoftheDirectorofStudentServices,
thewithdrawalon10/25/10wasamistake,asthestudent
wasstillaresidentandresponsibilityoftheDistrict.
1Thestudentwaslistedasbeingexpelledon5/5/11;
however,perthedisciplinerecord,thestudentwas
enrolledinanalternativeprogram,andshouldnothave
beenwithdrawnfromtheDistrict.
Page|36

SCHOOLSWITHERRORS

District
IRN
School
DistrictName SchoolName
Tested
StateRoll
Up
Students
IssuesIdentified
toDate
(Seenotesfor
additional
information) Notes
38. 043489 AkronCity NorthHigh
School
75 2 1ThestudentattendedNorthuntil10/5/10.TheEntry
WithdrawalListindicatedthestudentwithdrewtoanother
district(anotationof""w/dtoBerea""wasmade);
however,nosupportingdocumentationcouldbeprovided
thatthestudentactuallywithdrewtoanotherdistrict.The
detailattendancerecordsintheESchoolPlussystemdid
supportthestudentwasnotinattendanceattheDistrict
afterthewithdrawaldate.
1ThestudentattendedNorthuntil3/7/11.TheEntry
WithdrawalListindicatedthestudentwithdrewtoadistrict
outofstate(anotationofw/dtoArmarilloTxwasmade);
however,nosupportingdocumentationexistedtoindicate
thestudentwithdrewoutofState.Additionally,the
notationdidnotindicatewhothepersonwithdrawingthe
studenttalkedto,ifitwasaphonecallorfacetoface,the
date/time,etc.ThedetailedESchoolPlusSystem
attendancerecordssupportedthestudentdidnotattend
theDistrictafter3/7/11.
39. 046623 AnsoniaLocal AnsoniaHigh
School
27 11 6 TheEMIScoordinatormaintainedacorrespondencefile
withDistrictsaskingfortranscriptsandherinformationon
faxing/mailingtheinformationfor6ofthesestudents,
howeverthisfilewasthrownawayaftertheschoolyear.
4Studentsdidnothavefiles,butperconversationwiththe
EMIScoordinatorandSuperintendentitwasnotedthatone
wasamigrantworker'schildfromTexas,anotheronewas
enrolledintheCountyAlternativeschoolduetokidney
issues,oneotherchildwasspecialeducationandjust
stoppedshowingupandanotheronewasfosterplacedto
anotherDistrict.
1Studentwasincludedonanopenenrollmentsheetbut
hadnofileorapplicationsupportingsuchopenenrollment.
40. 045229 Bradford
Exempted
Village
BradfordHigh
School
56 1 Onestudentwithseveredisabilitieshadverylittleinschool
filetosupportwithdrawal.Auditorobtainedsupportfrom
outsidesource.Withdrawalappearsaccurate,butsupport
wasnotonfileatschool.
Page|37

SCHOOLSWITHERRORS

District
IRN
School
DistrictName SchoolName
Tested
StateRoll
Up
Students
IssuesIdentified
toDate
(Seenotesfor
additional
information) Notes
41. 043844 DaytonCity Meadowdale
HighSchool
76 9 3ThestudentswerenotwithdrawnfromtheDistrictduring
the20102011schoolyear.Twoofthestudentswere
detainedbytheMontgomeryCountyJuvenileCourt,
however,thestudentswerentdetaineduntil6/5/2011and
wereonlydetainedfor4days(1schoolday).Thethird
studentwasdetainedbytheMontgomeryCountyJuvenile
Court,however,thestudentwasn'tdetaineduntil
5/31/2011andwasonlydetainedfor9days(5schooldays).

2ThestudentswerewithdrawnfromtheDistrictduringthe
20102011schoolyearforexpulsion,however,thestudents
werenotactuallyexpelledfromtheDistrict.Thestudent
wereplacedattheDistrictsalternativeschoolandshould
nothavebeenwithdrawnfromtheDistrict.

1ThestudentwasplacedatPaintCreekAcademyviathe
Courtandcommittedtothelegalcustodyofthe
DepartmentofYouthServicesforInstitutionalization.The
CourtorderedtheDaytonPublicSchoolsresponsibleforthe
costofeducationforthechild.Theproperwithdrawalcode
fortransferredbyCourtOrder/Adjudicationis45,however
sincethestudentwasplacedintotheDepartmentofYouth
Servicethestudentshouldnothavebeenwithdrawnfrom
theDistrictandtheWKCcodeshouldnotbe04.

2Lackofsupporttosupporttheattendanceevent.

1ThestudentwasnotwithdrawnfromtheDistrictduring
the20102011schoolyear,however,thestudentdid
transfertotheDistrict'salternativeschool.Thus,the04
WKCcodedoesnotappearappropriateasthestudentwas
enrolledattheDistrictforthefullacademicyear.

42. 048686 Jefferson


Township
Local
JeffersonHigh
School
34 9 Nodocumentationsupportingtheattendanceevents.
(Somestudentfileswerenotavailable;otherfileshadno
supportforthetransactionthatpushedthemtothestate
report).
43. 044222 LimaCity Lima
Alternative
25 3 Nosupportfor2truancywithdrawalsand1withdrawalfor
completinggraduationrequirements.
Therewerealso4studentsover18withnosupport.
However,thisisanalternativeschoolwithmostlystudents
thatareovertheageof18.Itisnotalwayspossibletogeta
withdrawalnotice.Mostofthetimethestudentsjuststop
coming.Forthoseeventscodedasover18,auditor
confirmedstudentwasover18basedonsystemrecorded
birthdate.These4werenotincludedasexceptions.
Page|38

SCHOOLSWITHERRORS

District
IRN
School
DistrictName SchoolName
Tested
StateRoll
Up
Students
IssuesIdentified
toDate
(Seenotesfor
additional
information) Notes
44. 044263 LorainCity NewBeginnings 61 7 2Studentfilesdidnothavedocumentationindicatingthe
studentwasexpelledfromschoolasofthewithdrawaldate
indicated.
2Studentfilesdidnothavedocumentationindicatingthey
wereregistered/enrolled.
3StudentfilesthattheEMISCoordinatorcouldnotlocate.
Forthese3students,theEMISCoordinatorprovidedAOS
withothersupportingdocumentationthatstudentwasnot
enrolledinthedistrictforthefullyearsuchas:1)eSMOC
OhioReportCardforthestudentwhichindicatedthatthe
studentwasnotenrolledinthedistrictforthefullyearas
notedbygradingperiod(s)missingforthe1st,2ndor3rd
quarter.AOSalsonotedinmostcasesstudentgradeswere
favorable.2)documentationthatstudentwasexpelled;
and3)studentregistrationdocumentation.These3
studentswereincludedwithinthefailuresduetothefact
thatstudentfilescouldnotbelocated.
45. 044263 LorainCity General
JohnnieWilson
MiddleSchool
55 6 3TheEMISCoordinatorwasunabletolocate3student
files.Todeterminethestudentwasproperlyincludedin
ourreport,theEMISCoordinatorobtainedtheeSMOCOhio
ReportCardforthestudentwhichindicatedthatthe
studentwasnotenrolledinthedistrictforthefullyearas
notedbygradingperiod(s)missingforthe1st,2ndor3rd
quarter.Inmostcasesstudentgradeswerefavorable.
3Wenoted3studentfilesthatlackeddocumentationthat
thestudentswereenrolledinautismscholarshipprogram.
46. 044263 LorainCity Longfellow
MiddleSchool
44 5 TheEMISCoordinatorwasunabletolocate5student
files.Todeterminethestudentwasproperlyincludedin
ourreport,theEMISCoordinatorobtainedtheeSMOCOhio
ReportCardforthestudentwhichindicatedthatthe
studentwasnotenrolledinthedistrictforthefullyearas
notedbygradingperiod(s)missingforthe1st,2ndor3rd
quarter.Inmostcasesstudentgradeswerefavorable.
47. 044297 Mansfield
City
Mansfield
Integrated
Learning
Center,Hedges
Campus
13 2 1StudentatMansfieldHighSchooltransferredin it
appearsthathechangedbuildingsduringtheyear,
however,hedidnotattendschooloutsideofthedistrict.
Nosupportforanattendanceeventthatwouldhave
pushedthestudentsscorestothestate.

1Weexaminedattendancerecordsindicatingthatthe
studentattendedoutsidethedistrictfrom8/25/10
9/7/10.However,thiswaspriortocountweeksothis
wouldnotcauseastudentsscorestobepushedtostate.
Thestudentalsomovedbetweendistrictbuildings.
However,nosupportforaneventthatwouldhavepushed
thestudentsscorestothestate.
Page|39

SCHOOLSWITHERRORS

District
IRN
School
DistrictName SchoolName
Tested
StateRoll
Up
Students
IssuesIdentified
toDate
(Seenotesfor
additional
information) Notes
48. 044461 NewBoston
Local
Oak
Intermediate
Elementary
School
28 1 Studenthasbeeninandoutofsystemsince2008 no
supportforattendanceevent.
Alsoidentified19instanceswherebynoenrollment/
withdrawalformwaspresent;howeverother
documentationwasmaintainedinstudentfiletosupport
attendanceevent.
49. 044479 New
LexingtonCity
NewLexington
HighSchool
73 1 Nostudentfileordocumentationsupportingthestudent's
withdrawalcouldbeobtainedforaudit.
Additionally,ofthe73studentstested,25withdrawals
werenotedforwhichtherewasnocompletedWithdrawal
Reportwithinthestudentfileand28enrollmentswere
notedforwhichtherewasnocompletedStudent
RegistrationFormwithinthestudentfile.Other
documentationwasavailableandreviewedpertainingto
correspondencebetweendistrictstosupportthestudent
wasproperlycodedandpushedtotheState.
50. 044453 NewarkCity Heritage
MiddleSchool
76 2 Nothingtosupportattendanceevent.

Additionally,therewereinstanceswherenoformswerein
thefilesbutothersupportwasincludedtosupportthe
event.
51. 044453 NewarkCity NewarkHigh
School
247 65 38Purgedfiles:Meaning,studenteithergraduatedor
reachedagethattheycan'tattendH.S.(withinthepast2
years).Everythingexcepttranscripts,testscores,IEPs,and
medicalinformationareremoved.Nowithdrawal,
enrollmentformsorrecordsrequestsarekept.Thepurge
isbasedonaDistrictpractice/policyputinplacebyanex
asst.superintendent.Weconfirmedthatfilewaspurged
basedonDistrictcriteria.

13Nothingtosupporttheattendanceeventinthestudent
file.

5No"cumfile".NewarkishomeDistrict,studentis
elsewhereandhasneverattendedDistrict.

4Studenthasfile,butnotenoughinformationtosupport
enrollmentduringtheyear.

5Studentwas18andwithdrawn(code73)dueto
nonattendance.Nowithdrawalsupportinfile,confirmed
studentwas18,nofurtherattendancenotedafter
withdrawaldate.

Therewereadditionalfileswithlackofformsbutother
supportwasavailabletosupporttheattendanceevent.
52. 047001 Reynoldsburg
City
BaldwinRoad
JuniorHigh
School
46 1 Studentfilecouldnotbelocated.
53. 044784 SidneyCity SidneyHigh
School
176 42 19Nosupportforattendanceevent.
23Theattendanceeventcodereportedtothestatefor
theattendanceeventwasincorrect.
Page|40

SCHOOLSWITHERRORS

District
IRN
School
DistrictName SchoolName
Tested
StateRoll
Up
Students
IssuesIdentified
toDate
(Seenotesfor
additional
information) Notes
54. 048694 Trotwood
MadisonCity
Trotwood
Madison
Elementary
68 9 1StudentclassifiedasWKCCode12firstyearLEPstudent
butenrolledforseveralyears.
1Studentexcludedduetowithdrawal,howeverper
supportingdocumentationthestudentdidnothaveabreak
inattendanceduringthe201011schoolyearandshould
havebeenincludedontheschool'sreportcard.
7Studentsexcludedduetoexpulsion.Studentwas
expelledfor10orlessdaysthereforethiswouldappearto
representasuspensionandhe/sheshouldhavebeen
includedintheDistrict'sreportcard.
Additionally,forTrotwoodMadisonElementary,6students
werenotedforwhichawithdrawalformorrequestfor
recordswerenotincludedwithinthestudentfile.Other
documentationwasavailabletosupporttheattendance
event.
Page|41

SCHOOLSWITHERRORS

District
IRN
School
DistrictName SchoolName
Tested
StateRoll
Up
Students
IssuesIdentified
toDate
(Seenotesfor
additional
information) Notes
55. 048694 Trotwood
MadisonCity
Trotwood
Madison
MiddleSchool
87 8 3 Studentswithaneventcodeofexpulsion,was expelled
for10orlessdaysthereforethiswouldappeartorepresent
asuspensionandhe/sheshouldhavebeenincludedinthe
District'sreportcard.
1Studentwithaneventcodeofexpulsion,wasexpelled
for10orlessdaysthereforethiswouldappeartorepresent
asuspensionandhe/sheshouldhavebeenincludedinthe
District'sreportcard.ANDtheexpulsionnotice
documentedanexpulsiondateatorneartheendofthe
schoolyear;however,thewithdrawaldatewasbackdated
toadatepriortotheendoftheFullAcademicYear,which
isMay10thforgrades38.Nodocumentationastowhy
thedateoftheactualwithdrawalvariedfromtheexpulsion
datepertheexpulsionnotice.
2Studentshadaneventcodeofexpulsion.Theexpulsion
noticedocumentedanexpulsiondateatorneartheendof
theschoolyear;however,thewithdrawaldatewasback
datedtoadatepriortotheendoftheFullAcademicYear,
whichisMay10thforgrades38.Nodocumentationasto
whythedateoftheactualwithdrawalvariedfromthe
expulsiondatepertheexpulsionnotice.
1Studentwithdrawnundercode41butshouldhavebeen
withdrawnundercode74.Studentwaswithdrawnduring
theyearduetonotbeingaresidentafterconfirmationthat
thestudentnolongerresidedatthelastknownaddress.
1StudentexcludedduetoentranceintotheDistrictinthe
middleoftheschoolyear.Perreviewofthestudent's
reportcard,thisstudentreceivedgradesforallfour
quartersandreceivedfinalgrades.Thisisinconsistentwith
thereportcardsofotherstudentswhoregisteredinthe
middleoftheyear.Allotherstudentsinthissituationdid
notreceivegradesuntiltheyregistered.Thestudent'stotal
dayspresentandabsentwereconsistentwiththereported
registrationhoweverAoSwillstillconsiderthisafailuredue
tothereportedgrades.
Additionally,forTrotwoodMadisonMiddleSchool,4
studentswerenotedforwhichaenrollmentform,
withdrawalformorrequestforrecordswerenotincluded
withinthestudentfile.Otherdocumentationwasavailable
tosupporttheattendanceevent.
Page|42

SCHOOLSWITHERRORS

District
IRN
School
DistrictName SchoolName
Tested
StateRoll
Up
Students
IssuesIdentified
toDate
(Seenotesfor
additional
information) Notes
56. 048694 Trotwood
MadisonCity
MadisonPark
Elementary
47 2 1Studentexcludedduetoexpulsion.Studentwasexpelled
for10orlessdaysthereforethiswouldappeartorepresent
asuspensionandhe/sheshouldhavebeenincludedinthe
District'sreportcard.
1Studentwithdrawnduetononattendancebutthe
Districtwithdrewundercode74(movednotknowntobe
continuing)anddidnotfollowthewrittenpolicythatthe
JuvenileCourtbenotified.
Additionally,forMadisonParkElementary,3studentswere
notedforwhichawithdrawalformorrequestforrecords
werenotincludedwithinthestudentfile.Other
documentationwasavailabletosupporttheattendance
event.
57. 045005 Warrensville
HeightsCity
Eastwood
Elementary
School
50 3 Lackofdistricttransferforms.However,additionalsupport
wasprovidedtodeterminethestudentsweretransferred
appropriately.
58. 045096 WillardCity NewHaven
Elementary
School
37 3 Nothingonfiletosupporttheattendanceevents.
59. 045096 WillardCity WillardMiddle
School
112 3 2Nothingonfiletosupporttheattendanceevent.
1Notedthatdocumentationsupportedwithdrawaldate
butnotcode.Studentwasimproperlycodedasmovingto
anotherdistrictinstate,40,whendocumentationshows
studentmovingoutofstate,41.
60. 045096 WillardCity WillardHigh
School
70 1 1Notedthatdocumentationsupportedwithdrawaldate
butnotcode.Studentwasimproperlycodedasmovingto
anotherdistrictoutofstate,41,butcourtdocumentsstate
studentisnolongerrequiredtoattendschoolandisnot
knowntobecontinuing.Shouldbecode74.
Page|43

SCHOOLSWITHERRORS

District
IRN
School
DistrictName SchoolName
Tested
StateRoll
Up
Students
IssuesIdentified
toDate
(Seenotesfor
additional
information) Notes
61. 045161 Youngstown
City
University
Project
LearningCenter
(UPLC)
21 5 1WereviewedaStudentWithdrawal/RecordTransfer
Formdated9/29/10statingthestudentwithdrew;
however,nowithdrawaldatewasprovidedandtheform
wasnotsignedbyanyone.Wereviewedaletterfromthe
SupervisorofStudentServicestothePrincipaldated
10/27/10statingthestudentshouldbereenrolledatUPLC.
However,nodocumentationwasfoundofficiallyre
enrollingthestudent.WereviewedaStudent
Withdrawal/RecordTransferFormdated5/9/11statingthe
studentwithdrew;however,nowithdrawaldatewas
providedandtheformwasnotsignedbyanyone.Theform
wasinitialedstatingthestudentwithdrewon5/5/11under
code41.Thereisnodocumentationstatingwherethe
studenttransferredto.WespoketotheSupervisorOf
StudentServicesregardingthestatusofthestudentand
sheexplainedthattheDistricthasnoproofthatthestudent
hasbeenreenrolledatanotherschool;therefore,the
studentisconsideredanongoingtruancycase,whichis
currentlybeinghandledbythecourts.Wealsoaskedthe
Districtiftheynormallyrecodethestudentuponfinding
outthatthestudentneverreenrolledinanotherschool
andtheystatedthattheykeptcode41,sinceeventuallythe
courtswillforcethechildtoreenrollatanotherschoolor
returntoUPLC.Duetothefactthestudentisanongoing
truancy,itwouldbemoreaccuratetocodethestudent
withcode71(Withdrewduetotruancy/nonattendance)
whilemaintainingappropriateevidenceofdueprocess.
1WereviewedAttendanceSummary,notingthestudent
startedonhomeinstructionon121510.Nosupporting
documentationnotingthiswascourtmandated.Therefore,
itisindeterminableifthewithdrawalcodeof45is
appropriate;
1WereviewedStudentWithdrawal/RecordTransferForm
dated2/4/11statingthestudentwaswithdrawn.Theform
wassignedbythePrincipalon1/9/10andtheDirectorof
PupilPersonnel.Thestudenthadunexcusedabsencesfrom
12/9/10untilthedateoftheWithdrawal/RecordTransfer
Form.ThismayexplainwhytheWithdrawDatereflected
onthisspreadsheetshows12/9/10.Wereviewedthe
Admission/WithdrawMaintenanceprintscreenfromthe
system,whichnotedthestudentwasadmittedtoUPLCon
3/19/10andwithdrewon12/9/10(Code41TranPSDin
Ohio).Thesheetalsonotedthathernextschoolwasthe
MCESCPACEProgram;howeverthereisnoadditional
documentationtosupporttheclaim.Wespoketothe
SupervisorOfStudentServicesregardingthestudent's
statusafterleavingUPLCandshesaidtheDistricthasno
recordofthestudentaftershewithdrewfromUPLC.We
alsoaskedheraboutseeingtheMCESCPACEProgramon
theAdmission/WithdrawMaintenanceprintscreenandshe
saidthatifshedidindeedenrollinthePACEProgram,she
wouldhavehadtoenrollatoneoftheotherpublicschool
districtsinMahoningCounty;however,YCSDhasnorecord
ofherreenrolling,noristhereproofofherparticipatingin
theMCESCPACEProgram.Assuch,acorrectcodingcannot
bedeterminedwithoutknowingwhathappenedtothe
studentaftershewithdrewfromUPLC.
2Therewasnodocumentationsupportinginterdistrict
enrollment,onlyintradistricttransfer;therefore,no
evidencesupportingstudents'midyearenrollmentand
pushtotheState.
Page|44

SCHOOLSWITHERRORS

District
IRN
School
DistrictName SchoolName
Tested
StateRoll
Up
Students
IssuesIdentified
toDate
(Seenotesfor
additional
information) Notes
62. 045161 Youngstown
City
P.RossBerry
MiddleSchool
57 4 Studentfilesdidnotincludedocumentationtosupportthe
notedenrollmentdateduringtheFY'11academicyear.
63. 045161 Youngstown
City
VolneyRogers
JuniorHigh
School
52 3 1WeviewedtheAdmission/WithdrawMaintenanceForm
showingthestudentwasenrolledduringtheschoolyear,
however,thereisnoRegistrationFormonfileorRecord
RequestFormfromthepreviousschool.
1Beginning11/16/09,thestudentwasonHealthImpaired
HomeInstruction.Nodocumentationshowingthe
admissiontoLeonardKirtzinAugustof2010,exceptforthe
Admission/WithdrawMaintenanceScreen.
1Thestudentstoppedattendingschooleffective3/21/11
duetononattendance.NotransferorWithdrawalforms
noted.AttendanceSummaryendedat3/21/11.Per
ReleaseofSchoolRecordsform,studentenrolledwithP.
RossBerrytostartthe201112schoolyr.Admissiondate
was8/31/11withdrawalreasonshouldhavebeen71,
nonattendanceafterappropriatedueprocess.Withdrawal
codeof41appearsinappropriate.
64. 045161 Youngstown
City
Youngstown
EastHigh
School
77 28 1 Thestudentfilecouldnotbelocatedandtherewasno
explanationastowhythefilewasmissing.
4Thestudentswereopenenrolledandneverattended
YCSDandnofileswereavailableforreview.
1ThestudentlefttheDistrictpursuanttoCourtOrder
however,documentationoftheCourtOrderwasnot
availableforreview.
18Thestudentwasimproperlycodedwithwithdrawalcode
of41yettherewasnoevidenceofthestudenttransferring
toanotherOhioschooldistrictandinmanycasesthe
transferringdistrictwasmarkedas"unknown"andthe
studenthadstoppedattending.Inothercases,thestudent
wasnotedasovertheageof18andshouldhavebeen
codedas73ratherthan41.
4Therewasnodocumentationwithinthestudentfileto
supportthenotedattendanceevent.

11.3. TOP100CLEANSCHOOLS

Thefollowingtabledescribestheschoolswithnoenrollmentissuesidentifiedduringthe201011school
yearfortheTop100schools.Thesetestingresultsareasofthisreportdate.Testingofstudentfilesfor
someschoolsisstillindeterminate.

Page|45

CLEANSCHOOLS
DistrictIRN SchoolDistrictName SchoolName
TestedState
RollUpStudents
Issues
Identifiedto
Date
65. 048793 CardingtonLincolnLocal HighSchool 59 0
66. 043760 CirclevilleCity NicholasElementarySchool 20 0
67. 045344 CrestlineExemptedVillage CrestlineSoutheastElementarySchool 23 0
68. 043844 DaytonCity MeadowdalePreK8School 50 0
69. 043950 EuclidCity EuclidHighSchool 285 0
70. 048843 FranklinLocal RosevilleElementarySchool 18 0
71. 044040 GarfieldHeightsCity GarfieldHeightsMiddleSchool 107 0
72. 046953 HamiltonLocal HamiltonIntermediateSchool 107 0
73. 046953 HamiltonLocal HamiltonMiddleSchool 68 0
74. 048520 MeigsLocal HighSchool 81 0
75. 046672 MississinawaValleyLocal MississinawaValleyJR/SRHighSchool 38 0
76. 044412 MtHealthyCity JuniorHighSchool 84 0
77. 044446 NelsonvilleYorkCity NelsonvilleYorkHighSchool 50 0
78. 044511 NorthCollegeHillCity NorthCollegeHillHighSchool 66 0
79. 044628 PainesvilleCityLocal HarveyHighSchool 91 0
80. 046599 RichmondHeightsLocal RichmondHeightsSecondarySchool 43 0
81. 044818 SpringfieldCity SpringfieldHighSchool 146 0
82. 049155 WesternLocal WesternHighSchool 48 0
83. 045666 WindhamExemptedVillage WindhamJuniorHighSchool 21 0
84. 044081 WintonWoodsCity WintonWoodsElementarySchool 66 0
85. 045120 WoosterCity BoysVillage 69 0

11.4. TOP100SCHOOLSINDETERMINATEASOFTHEDATEOFTHISREPORT
Thefollowingtabledescribestheschoolswhereenrollmenttestingforthe201011schoolyearisstill
indeterminateduetofactorsoutsideAOScontrol(e.g.,schoolsarestillgatheringstudentinformationfiles
andotherinformationtosupportenrollment)asofthedateofthisreport.

INDETERMINATE

District
IRN
School
DistrictName SchoolName
Tested
StateRoll
Up
Students Status

86.
043711 CantonCity ChoicesAlternativeSchool 162 Undetermined
87. 043711 CantonCity CommunityEducationalServices 11 Undetermined
88. 043711 CantonCity HartfordMiddleSchool 24 Undetermined
89. 043752 Cincinnati
City
GeorgeHaysJenniePorterElementary 65 Undetermined
90. 043752 Cincinnati
City
ChaseElementarySchool 54 Undetermined
Page|46

INDETERMINATE

District
IRN
School
DistrictName SchoolName
Tested
StateRoll
Up
Students Status
91. 043752 Cincinnati
City
OylerSchool 88 Undetermined
92. 043752 Cincinnati
City
QuebecHeightsElementarySchool 47 Undetermined
93. 043752 Cincinnati
City
SouthAvondaleElementarySchool 55 Undetermined
94. 043794 Cleveland
Heights
University
HeightsCity
Bellefaire 48 Undetermined
95. 044107 HamiltonCity GarfieldMiddleSchool 105 Undetermined
96. 044107 HamiltonCity HamiltonEducationCenter 88 Undetermined
97. 044107 HamiltonCity HamiltonHighSchool 228 Undetermined
98. 048736 Northridge
Local
NorthridgeHighSchool 94 Undetermined
99. 048736 Northridge
Local
EstherDennisMiddleSchool 46 Undetermined
100. 044677 PrincetonCity PrincetonHighSchool 170 Undetermined

11.5. ADDITIONAL28SCHOOLDISTRICTS
Thefollowingtabledescribestheresultsofenrollmenttestingforthe201011schoolyearforthe
additional28schooldistrictsasofthedateofthisreport.

District
IRN
SchoolDistrict
Name SchoolName
TestedState
RollUp
Students
IssuesIdentified
toDate
(Seenotesfor
additional
information) Notes
1. 048124 AvonLake
CSD All
93 0
Clean
2. 045203 Barnesville
EVSD
All
51 0
Clean
3. 047167 BerkshireLSD
All
34 0
Clean
4. 046433 CrestviewLSD
All
15 0
Clean
5. 047837 DanvilleLSD
All
21 0
Clean
6. 048413 ElginLSD
All
87 0
Clean
7. 047936 FairlandLSD
All
52 0
Clean
8. 048843 FranklinLSD
All
170 0
Clean
9. 046342 GoshenLSD
All
161 0
Clean
10. 045435 IndianHill
EVSD
All 27 0 Clean
11. 050369 Lincolnview
LSD
All
67 0
Clean
12. 045450 LisbonEVSD
All
41 0
Clean
13. 044289 MadeiraCSD
All 28 0 Clean
Page|47

14. 050740 MohawkLSD


All
21 0
Clean
15. 044495 NilesCSD
All
152 0
Clean
16. 044503 NorthCanton
CSD
All Undetermined Undetermined Clean
17. 049478 OntarioLSD
All
47 0
Clean
18. 050054 RevereLSD
All
64 0
Clean
19. 050500 WarrenLSD
All
107 0
Clean
20. 043554 Beachwood
CSD
All 52 2 During this period the District was on ESIS, now the
districtisonanewsystemandtheywereunabletopull
the names of these students as they also withdrew
beforetransitiontothenewsystem.
We obtained clarification from ODE indicating that
thesestudentswereproperlyexcluded.
21. 046714 CentralLSD
All
33 3
1 Studentwasreportedaswithdrawnon11/9/10on
F/Y2011WKClist.Thestudentwasenrolledatthe
districtduringthe20102011schoolyear;thestudent
fileincludedgraduationtestingscoresandanofficial
transcriptfromthedistrictwasdated6/5/11.Student
wasmiscodedwitha"41"withdrawaldateandnot
detectedbydistrictpersonnel.
1Studentwasreportedwithanadmissiondateof
4/20/11onF/Y2011WKClist.Thestudentwas
enrolledatthedistrictduringthe20102011school
year;IEP'sareonfileforthestudentandgraduation
testingscoreswereinthestudentfileindicatingthe
studenthadpassedallgraduationtestingbackon
3/1/09.Studentwasmiscodedandnotdetectedby
districtpersonnel.
1Studentwasreportedwithanadmissiondateof
3/1/11onF/Y2011WKClist;howeverthestudent's
actualenrollmentdatewas8/1/11.Thestudentwas
enrolledatanotherlocalschooldistrictallofthe2010
2011schoolyear.Correspondenceinthestudent'sfile
requestingreleaseofthestudent'srecordsdidnot
occurbetweendistrictsuntilAugust2011,which
correspondstotheactualenrollmentdateandnotthe
admissiondatereportedontheF/Y2011WKClist.
Studentwasmiscodedandnotdetectedbydistrict
personnel.
22. 047852 Fredericktown
LSD
All
50 2
1 Was unable to find name associated with SSID #.
TwodifferentemployeeslookeduptheSSID#andwere
unabletofindastudentname.
1Studentfilelackedsupportforwithdrawaldate.
Page|48

23. 050187 LakeviewLSD


All
64 25 2Studentshadnofiles.
1SpecialEd.StudentattendingTrumbullCareerand
TechnicalCenterwithhomeschoolofGirard.File
containsminimalsupportotherthanofficialtranscript
andemail.
20Viewedofficialtranscript.Nofilemaintained.
1TranscriptdocumentsstudentgraduatedinJune
2008.
1FileshowsstudenthasattendedLakeviewSchools
since2006.StudentFiledoesnotsupportWKC
Description.
LakeviewHighSchoolprocedureshavebeentopurge
filesafter1yearofwithdrawal.Transcriptswere
maintainednotingthewithdrawaldate.
24. 000442 Manchester
LSD
All
46 1
ManchesterLSDdidnothavedocumentationastothe
withdrawalofthisstudentandindicatedthe
withdrawalcode41usedwasimproperHowever,we
wereabletoreviewthedatafilereceivedfromODE
notingthisstudentalsoshowsuponthefileforWest
ClermontLSDwithanenrollmentdateconsistentwith
thenotedwithdrawaldatefromManchesterLSD.The
studentwascodedasa41transfertoanotherOhio
SchoolDistrict;however,thefiledidnotcontaina
withdrawalformoranyrequestforrecordsfrom
anotherschooldistrictaroundthedatenotedonthe
report.Therefore,weaskedtheEMISSecretarytolook
atthefileandseeifshecouldfindthedocumentation.
Sherespondedthatthestudentwaswithdrawnunder
code41byerrorasshewastheirstudentwhenshewas
placedelsewherebycourtorder.TheEMISSecretary
indicatedthecodeusedshouldhavebean"R"fora
studentplacedelsewherebycourtorder.Althoughthe
codingmayhavebeenwrongforthisstudent,the
studentwasproperlypushedtotheStateunderthe
notedcircumstances.
25. 050724 OtsegoLSD
All
58 3
1Astudentwascodedasa"41"whichwastransferto
anotherdistrict,transcriptrequestonfile.Studentwas
over18whenleft,anddidnotprovideanewdistrict
goingtoattend,soshouldhavebeencoded"73".The
"73wasavaildcodeforpushingthestudenttothe
StateandnotincludinginDistrictcount.
2Afamilywithdrewtheir2childrenon4/25andwent
toanotherDistrictinanotherCity.Thefamilydidnot
reenrollthechildrentillthestartofthefollowing
schoolyear.Thestudentfilescouldnotbelocateddue
tomisplacedduringanewbuildingproject.Theirschool
wastorndownandfilesmovedtothenewlocation.
Additionally,2withdrawalsofstudentsdidnotinclude
withdrawalformswithinthestudentfiles.However,
thefiledidincluderecordsrequestsfromtheother
districtstosupportthetransferofthestudenttothe
otherdistrict.
Page|49

26. 045781 PerryLSD


All 42 3 3Lackofsupportfortheattendanceevent.
Alsonoted14instanceswherebyenrollment/withdraw
formnotincludedinfile;however,other
documentation/informationavailableinstudent
file/fromdistricttosupportattendanceevent.
27. 047969 Symmes
ValleyLSD
All
38 1
Onestudentwasimproperlycodedduetothefactthat
thestudentwaswithdrawnbymistakethenreenrolled
thesameday.However,thiscreatedaninaccurate
breakinattendancethatwasnotcorrectedbythe
District,causingthestudenttobepushedtotheState.
28. 049437 LexingtonLSD
All
103 1
TheDistrictwasunabletolocatethefileof1student.
WewereabletoreviewthedatafilereceivedfromODE
notingthisstudentalsoshowsuponthefilefor
HighlandLocalSchoolswithanenrollmentdate
consistentwiththenotedwithdrawaldatefrom
LexingtonLSD.Thecoding/withdrawalappearstobe
accurate.

12. VIEWSOFRESPONSIBLESCHOOLOFFICIALS
TheschoolsforwhichtestingwascompleteasofSeptember28,2012wereprovidedanopportunityto
respondtothisreport.TheirresponseswereevaluatedandchangesweremadetothisreportasAOS
deemednecessary.
Districtresponsescanbeobtainedbycontactingtheschooldistrictslistedinsection11ofthisreport.

13. APPENDIX
ODEsentthefollowingJuly25,2012,lettertoLocklandSchoolDistrictuponfindingthatLocklandhad
falselyreportedschoolattendancedata.Asdescribedinthisletter,ODEreviseddownwardtheschool
districtsreportcardrating.
John R. Kasich, Governor
Stan W. Heffner, Superintendent of Public Instruction
25 South Front Street
Columbus, Ohio 43215
education.ohio.gov
(877) 644-6338
For people who are deaf or hard of hearing,
please call Relay Ohio first at 711.



VIA EMAIL AND CERTIFIED MAIL

July 25, 2012

Donna F. Hubbard, Superintendent
Lockland School District
210 N. Cooper Avenue
Cincinnati, OH 45215-3011

Dear Superintendent Hubbard:

This letter is to inform you that the Ohio Department of Education (ODE) has completed its
investigation into the allegation that the Lockland School District (Lockland) had improperly
reported its Education Management Information System (EMIS) data during the 2010-2011
school year. In summation, as a result of our investigation, and as further detailed in this
letter, ODE has determined that:

x Lockland failed to meet the burden of proof required to demonstrate that it made a
good faith effort to properly report data to ODE as required by law.

x Lockland personnel improperly and falsely reported that thirty-seven students were
withdrawn during the 2010-2011 school year to attend another Ohio school district.

x Lockland subsequently reenrolled thirty-seven withdrawn students into the district
despite the fact that EMIS data illustrates that the students did not leave to attend
another Ohio school district as falsely reported.

x Locklands falsification of attendance data wrongfully benefitted the 2010-2011
district and school building report cards, thus requiring ODE to exercise its statutory
authority to recalculate and reissue corrected 2010-2011 district and school building
report cards to lower ratings in numerous areas of Ohios accountability system.

x Findings of this investigation will be provided to the Office of Professional Conduct
at ODE for formal review to determine if further investigation and action is warranted
to ascertain if you or any ODE licensed professionals in Lockland participated in
conduct unbecoming the teaching profession to falsely improve 2010-2011 district
and/or school building local report card ratings.

x Lockland and Lockland personnel shall immediately report any/all EMIS data
honestly and correctly in accordance with all required policies, procedures,
regulations, and laws.

As you will recall, on March 27, 2012, after an initial review of your district data, ODE
requested in writing any information in your possession to support the coding of thirty-eight
Lockland students as withdrawn. On May 2, 2012, ODE received Locklands response
drafted by legal counsel, David J. Lampe. Mr. Lampe stated in his letter that,
documentation of efforts made by the District to obtain executed withdrawal forms, receipt
of requests for records from receiving School districts, and other documents supporting a
designation as withdrawn are lacking.

Pursuant to Ohio Revised Code 3301.0714(L), ODE has the authority to investigate and take
certain actions with regard to the submission of inaccurate EMIS data. RC 3301.0714(L)(9)
indicates that, the burden of proof shall be on the district to demonstrate that it made a good
faith effort to report data as required by this section. ODE has dutifully provided your
district the opportunity to support, with any documentation in its possession, the decisions to
report the students in question as withdrawn in EMIS. Lockland has not provided required
documentation to support the withdrawal reason, transferred to another Ohio school
district, reported for thirty-seven of the thirty-eight students in question. As a result, ODE
concludes that Lockland has failed in its burden to show it made a good faith effort to report
accurate attendance data for thirty-seven students during the 2010-2011 school year.

Again, ODE's data review has determined that Lockland failed to provide any documentation
to support the withdrawal of thirty-seven of the students in question. In fact, based upon a
review of EMIS data, ODE has confirmed that thirty-seven of the thirty-eight students
withdrawn from your district were not reported in EMIS as having enrolled in another school
district during the period of being withdrawn from Lockland. Furthermore, these thirty-
seven students were later reenrolled in Lockland after their break in attendance. Thus, EMIS
data clearly demonstrates that these thirty-seven students were educated exclusively by
Lockland and improperly withdrawn during the 2010-2011 school year by Lockland
personnel. This falsification is further evidenced by inconsistencies in daily attendance
records and alleged periods of student withdrawals entered by Lockland personnel.

Locklands failure to provide accurate data requires ODE to conclude that EMIS data for
thirty-seven students in question was falsely reported. This falsification resulted in inflated
accountability ratings for Lockland. By falsely withdrawing these students via EMIS data
submitted, the limited and basic assessment scores for these students were not counted in
their respective school or your district accountability calculations for the 2010-2011 school
year report cards.

Because Lockland benefitted wrongly from the inaccurate withdrawal data entered into
EMIS, in accordance with RC 3301.0714(L)(2)(d)(viii), ODE is exercising its power to
revise the 2010-2011 Lockland Report Cards. The 2010-2011 report cards bearing the water
mark referencing this investigatory review will be removed and ODE will reissue corrected
2010-2011 Lockland District and Building Report Cards.

The revised report cards now illustrate the inclusion of assessment data for thirty-six of the
remaining thirty-seven students in question by ODE. Two of the original thirty-eight
students in question were excluded from the data recalculation. As previously accounted,
one student in question was properly justified and documented for withdrawal status. A
second student, although not properly documented for withdrawal, was a first year Limited
English Proficient student who would have been excluded from the accountability calculation
despite the inappropriate break in enrollment. Overall, the proper inclusion of the
accountability data for the thirty-six students will result in the following changes for
Lockland as illustrated in the attached corrected report cards for the 2010-2011 school year:




Based upon the actions outlined herein, ODEs investigation of EMIS data related to thirty-
eight students during the 2010-2011 school year is now concluded. However, pursuant to RC
3301.0714(L)(2)(d)(vi) & (N), findings of this investigation will be provided to the Office of
Professional Conduct at ODE for review to determine if further investigation is warranted to
ascertain if you or any ODE licensed professionals in Lockland participated in conduct
unbecoming the teaching profession to contribute to the falsified reporting of attendance data
to improve 2010-2011 district and school ratings. As I have communicated to you
previously, these actions are serious in nature, will not be tolerated, and may result in
professional conduct sanctions against any/all culpable Lockland personnel, up to and
including suspension or revocation of licensure, and/or other personnel actions as determined
by the Lockland Board of Education.

It is my expectation that Lockland will continue to cooperate fully if further action is
determined necessary by the Office of Professional Conduct. Additionally, Lockland will
immediately report any/all EMIS data honestly, accurately, and in accordance with all
reporting policies, procedures, regulations, and laws.
Old New Old New
State
Indicators
Met
State
Indicators
Met
PI PI
36
10 in 3
rd
8 in 4
th
4 in 5
th
1 in 7
th
3 in 8
th
4 in 10
th
6 in 11
th
4 Not Rated
2 in 10
th
2 in 11
th
(due to
insufficient
number of
students)
22
10 in 3
rd
8 in 4
th
4 in 5
th
4
1 in 7
th
3 in 8
th
6
2 in 10
th
4 in 11
th
103.2 100.4 Met Met Ok Ok
92 Met Met Ok Ok
Lockland
High
Excellent Excellent 12 of 12 11 of 12
Lockland
Middle
Effective Effective 7 of 8 6 of 8 94.2
85.6 77.7 Met
Not
Met
OK At Risk
79.3 Met Met Ok Ok
Lockland
Elementary
Continuous
Improvement
Academic
Watch
3 of 8 1 of 8
89.3
88.1 Met
Not
Met
Ok 20 of 26 14 of 26
Arlington
Heights
Academy
Continuous
Improvement
1 of 2 1 of 7
LEA Name
Number of
Students
Added to
Results
Old Rating New Rating
Lockland
Local
Effective
Continuous
Improvement
Old
Improvement
Status
New
Improvement
Status
Old
AYP
New
AYP
93.3 At Risk

Should you or your Board have any questions related to this investigation or our findings,
please contact ODE accordingly.


Sincerely,



Stan W. Heffner
State Superintendent of Public Instruction


C:
Terry Gibson, President, Lockland Board of Education
(via e-mail and certified mail)
Misty Cromer, Vice President, Lockland Board of Education
Krista Blum, Member, Lockland Board of Education
Colleen Carter, Member, Lockland Board of Education
Ava Strole, Member, Lockland Board of Education
David J. Lampe, Esq.
State Board of Education Members
P.R. Casey, Chief Legal Counsel, Ohio Department of Education
William Zelei, Associate Superintendent, Ohio Department of Education



Certified mail numbers: 7011 1150 0000 5865 1946 Donna Hubbard
7011 1150 0000 5865 2141 Terry Gibson

Thispageintentionallyleftblank.













East Bioau Stieet Fouith Flooi Columbus 0hio
Phone oi Fax
www.ohioauditor.gov









INTERIM REPORT ON STUDENT ATTENDANCE DATA AND ACCOUNTABILITY SYSTEM

FRANKLIN COUNTY


CLERKS CERTIFICATION
This is a true and correct copy of the report which is required to be filed in the Office of the
Auditor of State pursuant to Section 117.26, Revised Code, and which is filed in Columbus, Ohio.








CLERK OF THE BUREAU

CERTIFIED
OCTOBER 4, 2012

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