Utopian Theory or Utopianism

Every human dreams of a better life. A myth or a memory of a distant past when humankind lived in a primitive and simple state, but at the same time one of perfect happiness and fulfillment. There was instinctive harmony between man and nature. Mens needs are few and desires limited. Both were easily satisfied by the abundance provided by nature. Accordingly, there were no motives whatsoever for war or oppression. Nor was there any need for hard and painful work. Humans were simple and pious, and felt themselves close to the gods. Utopia has also been referred to as the Golden Age, The Biblical Garden of Eden, The Land of Cockaygne The Golden Age denotes a period of primordial peace, harmony, stability, and prosperity. The Land of Cockaigne (Cockayne) is an imaginary place of extreme luxury and ease where physical comforts and pleasures are always immediately at hand and where the harshness of medieval peasant life does not exist. Utopia is a disposition to embrace the vision of an alternative society from which present social evils have been eradicated and in which there is complete human fulfillment. Utopianism is the ideal of a perfect, present, earthly society, organic, harmonious, virtuous, satisfying, has a lengthy history. Utopian Socialism Put too much faith in reason and enlightenment as instruments of change in the direction of socialism, and stressed the importance of understanding the dynamics of class conflict in society and the need for revolutionary struggle as a means of overthrowing the existing social order.