olemyq&mrav;rsm;\twGif;a&;

tydkif;(2)
plZD tawmftay;aumif;onf/ plZD\ tcHaumif;rIaMumifh a'gufwm rif;'ifvnf; okwfvTufcsifvmNyD/
'gayr,fh aumifrav;rNyD;ao;ojzifh tomatmifh okwfukdxdef;&if; qufaqmifhaeonf/
a&tdrftwGif;rS eef;rlonfvnf; plZDtvdk;cHyHkudk oabmus&if; olr\ aqmufzkwfuav;xJodkY
vufEdIufum plZDvkyfovdk aumhvdkuf um;ajrmufvdkuf vkyfae awmhonf/
tdk; ... vdk;prf;yg&Sif... eef;rlukd ememav; zdvdk;ay;prf;...
wpfa,mufwnf;yg;pyfrSvnf; a,mif,rf; toHjrifhjrifh tpftpfuav; ajymrdonf/
eef;rlvnf;t&rf;cHcsifaeonf/ cHcsifpdwfawGwtm;jzpfaerdNyD/ plZDcHwmudk odyftm;usaerdonf/
eef;rlwpfa,mufwnf;qdkawmh vGwfvGwfvyfvyf a&tdrftwGif;rSm zDvifawG wufNyD; rmpwmaA;&Sif;ac:
wpfukd,fa& tmomqE ajzazsmufae\/ yg;pyfrSvnf; wtif;tif; nD;jiLrd\/
a'gufwmrif;'if wpfa,mufrSmvnf; *syefrav;plZDudk vdk;&if;vdk;&if; aumif;oxuf aumif;vmum
aumifrav;\ rdkYazmif;aomEdkYtHkazG;azG;ESpfvHk;udk vufESpfbufjzifh b,fnmqkwfudkifNyD; EIwfcrf;jcif;uyfum
w`yGwf`yGwfpkwf&if; aqmifhNyD;&if; aqmifhxnfhaeawmhonf/
cPtMum plZDonfvnf; t&omxl;udkawGU apmufacgif;usOf;usOf;xJrS a'gufwm\ vacsmif;yGyGBuD;udk
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txGwftxdyfyef;wdkifodkY wufvSrf; a&muf&SdoGm;ygawmhonf/
plZD\ taMumtcsOfrsm; qkwfqdkif;oGm;rwwf NzdK;NzdK;zsOf;zsOf; jzpfvdkYoGm;&um
ajcacsmif;vufacsmif;uav;rsm;yif wkwfauG;oGm;rwwf t&omukd tpGrf;ukefcHpm; &&Sd vdkuf&NyD;
wpfcsDNyD;oGm;avonf/
tay:rS vdk;aqmifhxnfhoGif;ae&aom a'gufwmrif;'ifonfvnf; wGefYueJ jzpfoGm;&NyD; vD;t&if;rS
wqpfqpfuusifwufvm wpfudk,fvHk; taMumqGJovdk qefYiifqefYiif jzpfoGm;um
plZD\aqmufywftwGif;odkY vD;BuD;udkt&if;odkYxdk;oGif; qD;pyfjcif;xduyfum okwf&nfrsm;udk wjApfjApf
yef;xGufxnfhvdkufrdawmhonf/
ESpfOD;pvHk; tNyD;jcif;qHkoGm;ojzifh a'gufwmrif;'ifonf *syefrav;\ udk,fcEmay:wGif
arSmufvsufxyfum 0ufrSdef;rSdef;aeawmhonf/ EIwfcrf;csif;tjyef tvSef awhpkwfaeMuNyD; vD;BuD;udkrl
apmufzkwftwGif; rcRwfwrf;pdrfxm;avonf/
a&tdrftwGif;rS eef;rlonfvnf; &ifarmoGm;&avmufatmif olwdkYESpfa,muf vdk;aeMuyHkudk
wpdrfhpdrfhMunfh&if; vdIufarmvm\/ olr\apmufzkwftwGif;rS okwf&nfrsm; wbGwfbGwf TJpdkum
xGufvmonf/ eef;rlonf tvdk;cHcsifpdwfrsm; xdef;rEdkifodrf;r& jzpfay:aeonf/ pdwfudkrenf; xdrf;csKyf
a&tdrftwGif;rS xGufvm cJhavonf/
plZD ... &Sifa'gufwm ... aumif;vm;[if
tdk... a'gufwmuvJuG,f
tawmfMumolwdkYESpfa,muf vD;ESifhaqmufywf xyfvsufom; rcRwfyJwef;vef; BuD;Zdrf,l rSdef;aeMu&mrS
a'gufwmrif;'ifu plZD\yg;jyifuav;udkTwfueJerf; olr udk,fay:rS vdrhfqif;vdkufonf/ vD;BuD;rSmvnf;
zGwf[kjrnfum plZD\apmufzkwf twGif;rS uRwfxGufoGm;awmhonf/
plZDonf ukwifay:wGif usKHUusKHUav;xdkifaeNyD; a'gufwmrif;'ifvdk;NyD;aom t&nfrsm; cWJusdayusHaeaom
aysmhacGacGvD;BuD;udk vufacsmif;av;rsm;jzifh tomt,m qkyfudkif&if;...
,lY...vD;BuD;u ... aysmhacGaeawmhvJ... tBuD;BuD;yJaemf
a'gufwmrif;'ifonf *syefysKdjzLacsmtvSudk tm;&atmif vdk;vdkuf&ojzifh pdwfxJwGif auseyfyDwdjzpfvsuf
txl;ZdrfawGUoGm;cJhonf/
plZDa,musfm;avmuf rBuD;ao;ygbl;plZD&,f

 olY[mBuD;uBuD;vGef;vdkY plZDemwmyJodw,f.. rcHEdkifygbl;... toufb,fu

xGuf&rSef;awmifrodbl;
uRefawmhvD;ua&m taeawmfbJvm; plZD... [if
plZDu a'gufwmrif;'if\ yg;jyifwzuf terf;yGifhav;qufovdkufonf/
plZDawmh,lYudkt&rf;cspfoGm;NyDuG,f
'geJY plZDwdkYb,fawmh jyefrSmvnf;[if
plZDa,mufsm;aq;ukNyD;rSjyefrSm
plZD uav;odyfvdkcsifwmyJvm;
[m.. vdkcsifwmaygh a'gufwm&,f
'geJYrsm;...plZD&,ftjcm;uav;wpfa,mufa,mufarG;pm;vdkuf&ifNyD;wmyJ
tJvdkr[kwfbl; plZDudk,fwdkif udk,f0efaqmifcsifwm NyD;awmh... arG;ump uav; i,fi,fav;udk
ypk&wmrsKd;plZD odyfoabmuswm..
a'gufwmyJprf;oyfNyD; om;tdrfeJY arG;vrf;aMumif;awGaumif;w,fqdk
'gayr,hfrsKd;O>yefuysufpD;oGm;awmhplZD&JU&ifaoG;udk b,fvdkvkyf&EdkifyghrvJ
tdk... 'kuygyJ a'gufwm&,f plZDudk rulnDEdkifawmhbl;vm;... [if
plZD\ cHpm;csufudk *kPmoufoGm;aom a'gufwmrif;'ifu olr\olr\ ezl;ay:rSqHyifav;rsm;udk
oyfwifay;&if; tenf;i,fpOf;pm;ae\/
tJ... wpfckawmh&Sdw,f... plZDudk,f0efaqmifcsifw,f qdk&ifawmh ... usaemfwdkY
aq;ynmeJY vkyfvdkY&Edkifvdrfhr,f 'gayr,fh... uav;uplZD&JU&ifaoG;r[kwfbl;? wjcm;qDu
jzpfvdrfhr,f...
plZDpdwf0ifpm;oGm;onf/ a'gufwmrif;'if\ &ifcGifwGif acgif;rSDxm;&mrS armhvmNyD;...
b,fvdkvJa'gufwm wjcm;uoaEom;ukd plZD&JU0rf;xJrSmvG,fNyD; arG;xm; Edkifr,fr[kwfvm;[if...

[kwfygw,fplZD... tJ'DvdkrsKd;,lcsifw,fqdk&ifawmh usaemfwdkYaq;HkurD;,yf yg&*lq&m0efBuD;

a'gufwmaumif;ZHeJY wkdifyifMunfhygtHk;r,f...
'gjzifhvkyfyga'gufwm... plZD b,folYuav;jzpfjzpf 0rf;eJYvG,fNyD;arG;csif wmygyJ...
a'gufwmrif;'ifu plZDhudk,fvHk;uav;udk zufwG,f&mrS cGmvdkuf&if;...
tJ... wpfckawmhpOf;pm;p&myJ... plZDarG;zkdY b,ftrsKd;orD;u olY&JU&ifaoG; &wemav;udk
ay;rvJqdkwm...
tdk... jzpfEdkif&ifvkyfomvkyfyga'gufwm? plZDaiGukefcsifukefygap uav; acsmacsmvSvSav;
&&ifawmfygNyD...
a'gufwmrif;'ifu av;av;eufeuf pOf;pm;vdkufonf/ b,ftrsKd;orD;qDu rsKd;Oudk &EdkifrvJ
rsKd;Oay;EdkifrJhtrsKd;orD;u acsmacsmvSvS zGHUzGHUNzdK;NzdK; jzpftHk;rS? oaEom;uvnf; acsmvSEdkifvdrfhrnf?
tzdkoaEydk;ukda&m b,folYqDu &Edkifrnfenf;? tJ... [kwfNyD plZDha,mufsm;udk,fwdkif atmifjrifpGm
cGJpdwfukoNyD;vdkY tzdkydk;ukd &&SdEdkifrnf yJ? tif;... tJ'gukdprf;oyf Munfh&rnf/
'Dr,fplZD tck0rf;omp&maumif;wmu plZDtrsKd;om;u aq;ukNyD;NyDyJ plZD vG,f&r,fhcav;u
plZDhuav;r[kwfayr,fh plZDha,mufsm;&JU &ifaoG;ppfawmh jzpfvm vdrfhr,f
[m... 'gqdk&if twdkif;xuftvGefaygh a'gufwm&,f 'pf&JU &ifaoG;qdkawmh plZD

udk,f0efaqmif&usLd;ydkeyfwmaygh
plZD\rsufESmwGif aysmfTifrIa&mifjcnfrsm; ,Sufoef;oGm;\/
plZDhtaeeJY... wckawmhcGifhvTwf&vdrfhr,f? tJ'gbmvJqdkawmh plZDha,mufsm; wjcm;
trsKd;orD;wpfa,mufeJY umrpyf,Sufcdkif;NyD;rS rsKd;atmifvmwJh oaEOudk xkwf,lNyD; plZDh om;tdrfxJudk
xnfhay;&rSm...
cGifhvTwfygw,f a'gufwm&,f... plZDudk,fwdkifawmif wjcm;a,mufsm;eJY azgufjyefrdwmyJ
tdk... b,fenf;eJYyJjzpfjzpf uav;&&ifNyD;wmygyJa'gufwm
plZDonf tm;&0rf;ompGmxNyD; udk,fvHk;wD;ESifhyif ukwifay:rS qif;vdkufonf/ a'gufwmrif;'ifuvnf;
xxdkifum...
tar&duefa&mufoGm;rS uRefawmfwdkYudk arhroGm;&bl;aemf...
woufrarhygbl;&Sif&,f txl;ojzifh plZDh&JU a[mf'Da'gufwmrif;'ifudkaygh/
at;rdpHwpfa,muf awmfawmfESifhtdyfraysmfEdkifao;? jcifaxmifxJwGif [dkvl; 'Dvdrfhjzifh jzpfae&onf/
wavmu a&bHkbdkifrSm tDprkdifESifh &ifzdkp&m tjzpftysuf uav;udk owd&vdkufonf/ [GefY
rkef;zdkYaumif;vdkufwm? tvum;ESmbl;BuD;? olYkyfeJYrsm; ighudkBudKufvdkYwJh... trJdk;&,f [if;tdk;ukdrS
tm;rem? igvdktacsmtvSu oleJYwl&JUwef&JUvm; bmvm;qdkwm rpOf;pm;bl;xif&JU? &,fzdkYaumif;vdkufwm?
awmfao;wmaygh... q&mrBuD;wdkYrodvdkufvdkY tukefjyem rIyfukefwm... tvkyf qif;&if
olYrsufESmBuD;awGu... tdkraewwf rxdkifwwfatmifygyJav... eifawmfawmf tief;oef odvm;...
tDprkdiftaMumif;ukd jzwfueJ oGm;owd&onf/ wu,fqdk a'gufwmrif;'ifvdk vlrsKd;u olrudkBudKufonfqdk
awmfao;&JU tJ'Dvdkomqdk&if olrjiif;rdrSmr[kwf? a&mhyg armif&,f,lygaygh... armifhoabm&Sdyg
armifBudKufovdk vkyfygvdkYayghav? t[if;[if; 'gayr,fh a'gufwmrif;'ifu olrudk *kpdkufyHkr&? tJ'Dawmh
at;rdpHrcsifhr&Jjzpf&onf/ olwrifoufouf [efaqmifaewm? wu,fqdkolrvdk ukd,fvHk;udk,faygufrsKd;ukd
olrvdk;csifyJ b,faeyghrvJ... aemf...
awmifpOfa&r& avQmufawG;ae&if; jzwfueJrqDrqdkif tDprkdifvD;BuD;udk oGm;jrifa&mifonf? tJ'Dwkef;u
ol[mBuD;uav olrsm;aygifjcHxJrSm... [dk.. cdk;vkcdk;vkeJU xdk;xdk;axmifaxmifBuD;
pdwfxifeJYrSef;Munfhvdkufwm eJwmBuD;r[kwf? olrydkifaomvD; twkBuD;xufyif BuD;ayvdrfhrnf/ wcgcg
at;rdpHumrqEodyfNyD; pdwfygvmonfh tcsdefwGif xdkvD;twkBuD;jzifh tmomajzazsmufwwfygonf/
'DvD;twkBuD;awmifrS olr\ apmufzkwftwGif;odkY tzsm;avmufyJoGif;vdkY&onf/ qufNyD;roGif;&J eJeJ
oGif;vQifeJeJemusifoGm;ojzifh 0ifoavmufom tay:,Hapmufpdav;jzifh ememzdyGwfNyD;
zDvifajzazsmufcJh&onf/
awG;&if;awG;&if; vD;twkBuD;ukd oGm;NyD;owd&awmh acgif;tHk;udktomt,m vufvQdKEdIufum prf;rdonf/
[if;... vD;twkBuD;r&Sdawmhygvm;... b,fa&mifoGm; ygvdrfh? at;rdpHonf jcifaxmifukdvSpf[
wbuf&Sd eef;rl&Sd&mukwifodkYvSrf;Munfh rdonf/ ukwifay:wGif eef;rlvnf;r&Sd? [kwfygNyDrrrlwpfa,muf
vD;twkBuD;ukd wae&m,loGm;NyD; wckckvkyfaewm aocsmNyD/
at;rdpHtdyf,mrS tomxvmNyD; a&csKd;cef;&Sd&modkY ajz;nif;pGm uyfvmonf/ olrtxifawmhrSefaeonf/
a&csKd;cef;twGif;rS *vefYcsxm;NyD; eef;rl\wtif;tif;jzifh jznf;jznf;tpftpfnD;jiLoHudk Mum;vdkuf&onf/
txJrSmarSmifaeojzifhom acsmif;Munfh vdkYr&? xdkYaMumifhrdrdukwif&Sd&modkY tomt,mjyefvmNyD;
rodcsifa,mifaqmifvSJae vdkufonf/
eef;rlrSmawmh a&csKd;cef;xJwGifvD;twkBuD;jzifh t&rf;udkzDvif0ifaeonf/ arSmifrJaeojzifh
bmrSrjrif&aomfvnf; olr\rsufpdxJrS a,mufsm;wpfa,muf\ wu,fhvD;tppfBuD;udk
jrifa,mifMunfhaeonf/
&mbmvD;BuD;jzifhvnf; xrDav;ukd rvSef olr\apmufywftuGJtwdkif; 'pfzsm;BuD;0ifatmifyGwf

yGwfwdkufqGJ\/ wif;rmaeaom apmufpdav;udk 'pfzsm;BuD;jzifh zdarTxdk;uvd\/ tysKdpifav;\ apmufywfrdkY

a&mfbmvD;wkBuD;u '[fzsm;omomyJ0ifonf/ NyD;awmhwif;usyfaeojzifh qufroGif;&J? emusifrSmpdk;vGef;onf/
pdwfxJrSm a,mufsm;wpfa,mufvD;ppfBuD;jzifh olrudktm;yg;w&vdk;aeonf[k pdwful;,Ofrd\/
xkdYaMumifhrwfwyf&yfvsufuyif aygifwH&Snfav;rsm;udk um;,m;xm; vsuf vufwbufjzifh udkifxm;aom
vD;BuD;ay:odkY zifBuD;<u<u yGwfaerdonf/ apmufywfxJrS t&nfMunfrsm;u aygifjcHwpfckvHk; TJpdkaeNyD;
a&csKd;cef;Murf;jyifay: odkYyif wawmufawmuf ,dkpD;vm\/ usefvufwpfbufjzifh olr\EdkYESpfvHk;udk olr
bmom jzpfnpfqkwfe,f\/
atmf... eef;rlvnf;[dkwpfaeYu a'gufwmrif;'ifeJYplZDwdkYvdk;MuyHkudk jrifa,mif rd&if;
tvdk;cHMunfhcsifpdwfu wzGm;zGm;ay:aeygyaum/
atmf... aoG;om;aumif;wJh rdef;rysKdav;qdkawmhum umrpdwfawGx<u aomif;usef;ayraygh/
'DaeYrSmawmh at;rdpH Adkvfr;'pfprwf\ pyg,f&S,ftcef;rSm *sLwDMuonf/ ukodkvfuHudkuraumif;?
olr*sLwD0ifonfhtvSnfhusrS Adkvfr;'pfprwf\vD;BuD;tem usufojzifh ywfwD;jznf&rnfhtvSnfhESifh
MuHKBudKufaeonf/ at;rdpHpdwfnpfnpfjzifh atmufxyfaq;cef;&Sd&modkY a&aEG;ZvHkudk ,lvmonf/ tDprdkifESifh
rsufESmcsif;rqdkifcsif ayrJh tvkyfwm0eft& rvTJomvdkYom qufqHae&onf/ ppwmBuD;wkdYudkwdkifajymjyef
vQifvnf; vlMum;raumif;jzpfrSmpdk; tomNidrfaevdkuf&onf/ 'gudktDprkdifu tcGifhaumif;,lvmNyD;
wpfaeYwpfjcm;at;rdpHtay:rSm vuf&JZuf&Jjzpfvmonf/
at;rdpHa&aEG;ZvHkxJodkY bHkbdkifrSa&tenf;i,fa&m t&ufjyefESifh'ufawm rsm;udk toifhpyfaepOf
aemufrStDprkdifa&mufvmonf/
[JhtDprkdif igq&mrBuD;eJY wdkifajymvkduf&rvm;
tDprdkifu at;rdpH\aemufwGifuyfvQuf&yfNyD; *kwfom;0if;0if;av;udk arT;arG; ay;vdkufonf\/
olYvD;BuD;urdpH\zifMum;wGif vmaxmufae\/ at;rdpHwGefYueJ jzpfoGm;NyD; tDprkdifudk atmfvdkufjcif;jzpf\/
'gav;rsm;rdpH&,f... bmjzpfoGm;vdkYvJ... iguulvkyfay;rvdkYyg..
[GefY.. rvdkygbl;... vludkrsm; b,fvdktpm; atmufarhaevdkYvJ... rkef;udkrkef;w,f
rdpHua&aEG;ZvHkudk,lNyD; tDprdkifudkrsufapmif;xdk;um tay:xyfodkY ajcapmifh vsufwufoGm;onf/
vludkrsm;taygpm;usaewmyJ.. xdvm;udkifvm;? erf;vm;yvm;eJY? rdpH&ifxJrSm a'gyGovdkjzpf&aomfvnf;
tDprdkif\txdtawGUudk om,mrdwmawmh trSefyif... 'gaMumifhvnf; tDprkdifudk a[mufvm;[rf;vm;
yae&ayr,fh? ckxufxd rpwmBuD;wdkYudk rwkdifjzpfcJhjcif;&,fyg/
Adkvfr;'pfprwftcef;udka&mufawmh at;rdpHu a&aEG;ukd ukwifab;&Sd cHkykav; ay:wGifwifNyD;
tomxdkifcsvdkuf\/ ukwifay:wGif xxdkifaeNyDjzpfaom Adkvfr;'pfprwfu olemyq&mrav; at;rdpHudk
yH;jyonf/
'DaeY... Adkvfr;&JUywfwD;jznf&r,faemf
at;rdpHu csKdompGmyH;jy&if; olYudkajymvdkuf\/
q&mr jznfvdkYjzpfrvm;[if
tdk... bmvdkYrjzpf&rSmvJ usrwkdYolemyq&mrawGyJav wm0eft& vkyf&rSmaygh...
atmf.. q&mr.. aMumufoGm;rvm;vdkYyg? [J[J...
aMumufp&mrvdkygbl;&Sif... eyfpfqdkawmh eyfNyD;om;yg... [if;[if;
at;rdpH raMumufcsifa,mifaqmifvdkuf&onf/
wu,fawmh Adkvfr;'pfprrwf\vD;BuD;udk rjrifzl;ao;? jrifrsm;jrifvdkuf&&if awmhb,fvdkaer,f rod/
uJ.. Adkvfr; ywfwD;jznfr,f? abmif;bDcRwfvdkufaemf...
olru olemywdkY xHk;pHtwdkif; csKdom,mOfaus;pGmajym Adkvfr;'pfprwfudk
ukwifay:odkYtomvSJapvdkufonf/ Adkvfr;'pfprwfonf at;rdpH\aEG;axG;aom udk,faiGUav;ESifh oif;ysHUaom
&eHYav;rsm;udk teD;uyfxdawGU&I&Idufvdkuf&aomaMumifh pdwfxJwGif &rufvdIif;rsm; xefoGm;&onf/

olYabmif;bDudkcRwfvdkufawmh tarT;rJrJrsm; zHk;vTrf;aeonfhwkwfcdkifvSaom aygifESpfvHk;Mum;wGif

BuD;rm;vSaom tacsmif;BuD;wckudk ywfwD;jzLjzLjzifh pnf;aESmif xm;wmudk rdpHawGUvdkuf&onf/
ajz;ajz;vkyfaemf q&mr
remygbl;Adkvfr;&,f... 'gav;rsm;...
ajymajymqdkqdk q&mrav;at;rdpHonf Adkvfr;\ vacsmif;BuD;ay:wGif ywfxm;aom
ywfwD;vdyfudkwpcsif;jznfvdkufonf/ olr\ azghza,mif;vdk aysmhaysmif; jzLEkvSaom
vufacsmif;vSvSav;rsm;udk
ar*sm'pfprwfu vdkufvHMunfhIae\/ olYvD; BuD;ay:wGif vIyf&Sm;aeaom vufacsmif;vSvSav;rsm;udk
Munfhr0Edkifatmif jzpfae &onf/ awmfawmfvSwJh q&mrav;ygvm;uG,f? ajcacsmif;vufacsmif;av;awGu
tp
jzLEkaevdkufwm xd&ufudkif&ufp&mawmif r&Sdygvm;/
tar&duefa&wyfrS vlMurf;BuD;ar*sm'pfprwfonfoGufvufpGmvIyf&Sm;aeaom olemyq&mrav;ukd
vdkufvHai;arm MunfhIaerd&if; at;rdpH\tvSudkoHk;oyfaerd avonf/
at;rdpHawmfawmfvSonf/ olemy0wfpHkav;ESifhvnf; vdkufzufvSonf/ tjzLa&mif &ifzHk;vufpu
tustjyma&mifxrDESifh uwfOD;xkwftjzLuav;udkaqmif; xm;\/ udk,fae[efxm;u <u<uGGav;
udk,fvHk;udk,fayguf uvnf; tysHpm;? tm;upm;vdkufpm;vdkYvm;rod? tcsKd;tpm;use jynfhwif;\/
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rsufpdrdSwfvkyfay;kHayghav/
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aq;aMumay;vdkufonf/ vufacsmif;EkEkav;rsm;\ txdtawGYaMumifh Adkvfr;'pfprwf\ vD;BuD;rSm

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tar&duefppfAdkvfonf olemyq&mrav;\ ypk,k,rIudk tawmfoabm usoGm;yHk&\/

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auseyftm;&pGmajymvdkufonf/
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a,mufsm;wpfa,mufESifh qufqHzdkYaeaeomom ,ifzdkawmifroef;zl;aom tysKdpif&,fyg/

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 [kwfq,ftDprkdif iguq&m0efBuD;ESifhtwl &SdaerSm rif;tacGawG&awmhrSyJ aemufusrS igMunfhEdkifrSm?

yDyDjyifjyifjzpfatmifdkufaemf
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n (9) em&Dtcsdef/
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tvkyfIyfvsuf&Sdonf/
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eef;rl\aygifom;EkEkav;rsm;udk vefwwfaeaom xrDay:rSw0uf tom;csif; xdvsufw0uf

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cyfwif;wif;qkyfudkifxm;avonf/
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eef;rl\apmufzkwfuav;rS teHYwrsKd;xGufaeonfudk tm;&yg;&dIufae[ef wl\/

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pdwfygvmatmifEdI;qGonfhae&mwGifuRrf;usifvS\? eef;rlrSmvl;vGefYaeonf/
wu,fawmheef;rlrSm rEl;cifuwnf;ueyfaeaom eyfpfrav;&,fyg/
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apmufzkwfuav;udkprf;onf/ apmufarT;uav;rsm;udk prf;rdonf/ apmufzkwfuav;udk tkyfudkifvmawmh
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eef;rlaygifav;udk NzJay;vdkufrdonf/
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yufvufvSefNyD; acgif;cstdyfae&ojzifh eef;rl\olemjyKacgif;aqmif;rSm usvsuf &Sdayonf/

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a,mufsm;om;\txdtawGUudk rcHbl;aomeef;rlonf Adkvfr;'pfprwf \cyfMurf;Murf; udkifwG,frIatmufwGif
wGefYwGefYvl;ae&Sm\/
yufvufum;um;av;jzpfaeaom eef;rl\udk,fay:odkY Adkvfr;'pfprwfu ppfajrjyifrS wGm;oGm;ovdk
0yfwGm; arSmufvsufwufvm\/ wajz;ajz;tay:odkY a&mufvm\/
eef;rl\udk,fvHk;uav;udk csKdif;atmufrSvufvQKdoGif;um wtm;zufxm;\/ NyD;awmh vnfwkdifEkEkav;udk
yg;pyfBuD;jzifh wtm;pkyfae\/ eef;rlvnfwdkif aumhaumh av;armhoGm;\/ olYterf;awGu pkyftm;jyif;vSonf/
eef;rlvnfyif;av; emusif oGm;um aoG;rsm;xGufvmovm;awmifxif&onf/ olYrsufpdxJrSm '&ufulvmac:
aoG;pkyfzkwfaumif kyf&Sifum;udk jrifa,mifvmonf/ tvdkvdkarm[dkufvmonf/
tus&ifbwf yGifhaeaom EdkYtdtdESpfvHk;u olY&ifbwfus,fBuD;atmufrSmydjym; vsuf? eef;rlvnfwdkifESifh
ausmjyifBuD;udk jyefvnfodkif;zufxm;rdonf/
atmufydkif;rSmawmh eef;rl\xrDav;rSmcg;vnfwdkif atmufvefwufaeojzifh eef;rl\aygifESpfacsmif;ukd
olYaygifESpfacsmif;jzifh NzJum;cGxm;onf/ qD;pyfjcif; xduyfvsuf&Sdojzifh eef;rl\apmufywfuav;u
abmif;bDatmufrS zkxpfazmif;<u vsufwif;rmaeaom olYvD;tacsmif; wkyfwkyfBuD;ESifh xdyfwifrdaeonf/
ar*sm'pfprwfonf eef;rl\yg;jyifrGwfrGwfav;ESpfzufudk EIwfcrf;arT;BuD;rsm; jzifhyGwfoyfusDp,fum
b,fjyefnmjyef erf;vdkufonf/ xdkYaemufolYabmif;bDZpfudk qGJzwfvdkufonf/ apmufzkwfESifh
csdefom;udkufjzpfaeaom olYvD;BuD;u tjyifokdY axmif;ueJxGufvmonf/ eef;rla,mif,rf;NyD; olYvDBuD;udk
prf;vdkufrdonf/

 atmifrav;
tzkzktxpfxpfawGESifh Murf;wrf;vSonf/ aMumufp&m BuD;rm;vSygwum;? vHk;ywfu vSrf;udkifvdkufawmh
eef;rl\vufwpfqkyfpmru BuD;rm;vSonf/ "gwfcJ ig;awmifhxdk; tJAm;&,f'D vufESdyf"gwfrD;tG,ftpm;xuf
BuD;rm;vSayonf/ xdyfacgif;BuD;u wif;epfabmvHk;eD;yg;rQ&Sdrnf/ olr apmufzkwfuav;ESifh qefYrSqefYygh
rvm;?
'gBuD;omxnfhvdkuf&if tukefvHk; uGJNyJpkwfjywfukefrnfxifyg&JU/

ESvHk;om;vSwJheyfpfrav;
eef;rl'Dtvkyfudk vufcHvdkufonfrSm rSm;rsm;rSm;aeovm;[k xifrdonf/ 'gayr,hf eef;rl\udk,fcEmwGif
wPSm<uaq;wefcdk;tpGrf;u jyaeavonf/ todpdwf aemifwudk rl;,pfapaom yufo'if;uvnf;aumif;?
vdif<uaq;rsm;uvnf;aumif; tEdkif,lpdk;rdk; zHk;vTrf;vsuf&Sdonf/ Adkvfr;'pfprwf\
nifompGmEId;qGxm;rIaMumifh 4if;\ cEmudk,fay:wGif umrvQyfppf"gwfu vSnfhywfvIyf&Sm;vsuf&Sdayonf/
tdk... bmyJjzpfjzpf vD;BuD;ESifhoGif;csifoGif;ygap? tqHk;ydwfomoGif;vdkufygap? olrcHcsif pdwfu
aMumufGHUpdwfawGudk wdkufxkwfypfvdkufonf/
eef;rlzifBuD;udkajrmuf<u aygifESpfacsmif;udk tpGrf;ukefNzJum;ay;vdkufonf/ NyJ[[av;jzpfaeaom
apmufywft0odkYAdkvfr;'pfprwfvD;BuD;u wjznf;jznf;ryf0if vmonf/ t&nfTJ yGifhtmaeaom
apmufywft0rSm 0ifumpawmh odyfrodomvS Adkvfr;'pfprwfu wjznf;jznf;xdk;oGif;onf/
nifnifomomav;/
vDD;BuD;u wajz;ajz; 'pfacgif;BuD;ryf0ifvmonf/ apmuf&nfMunfrsm;aMumifh
a&Sma&SmIIjzpfaeaomfvnf; BuD;rm;vSaomvD;BuD;aMumifh apmufywft0av;rSm tpGrf;ukef NyJtmvQuf
yGifhvefoGm;onf/ Adkvfr;'pfprwfueef;rl\EdkYESpfvHk;udkpkwfe,f wjznf;jznf;aSmifhoGif;\/
jypf...NAd... tm;vm;vm;... uRwfuRwf... zGwf
emvdkYvm;[if... q&mr
tm;...&SD;... uRwfuRwf...em...emw,fAdkvfr;&,f
'gqdk... uRefawmfjznf;jznf;vkyfr,faemf
atmifrav;...jznf;jznf;vkyfvnf;emwmygyJ&Sif? &Sifh[mBuD;uBuD;vGef;awmfh uRefr rcHEdkifbl;
[kwfw,fq&mr... qufoGif;vdkYr&awmhbl; q&mr[mav;ut&rf;Muyf aew,f
oGif;vdkYr&&if qufroGif;ygeJYvm;&Sif? uRefremvGef;vdkYyg
arSmifxJwGif eef;rl\wdk;wdk;BudyfnD;oHrsm;? Adkvfr;'pfprwf\acsmharmhoHrsm;u vGifhysHxGufay:vmonf/
uRefawmft&rf;rvkyfygbl;q&mr&JU... 0ifoavmufyJvkyfygr,f
trSefwu,f q,fvufrausmf&Sdaom Adkvfr;'pfprwf\vD;BuD;u eef;rl apmufywftwGif;okdY
'pfzsm;ausmfausmfrQom 0ifao;onf/ eef;rlcrsm atmf[pf nD;jiL ae&onf/ atmf... tysKdppfuav;ayyJ
Adkvfr;'pfprwfuvnf;Smygonf/ Adkvfr;'pfprwfuvnf; 0ifoavmufom oGif;csDxkwfcsDyae\/
eef;rlrSm umr<uapaomaq;t&SdefaMumifh e*dkuwnf;uudk,fwdkif 'grsKd;ukd jrifawGU&NyD;
cHcsifpdwfjyif;jyaeonfuwaMumif;rdkYom BudwfrSdwf atmifhtD;cHae&onf/ Adkvfr;'pfprwf\vD;BuD;rSm
olrtzdkYeJeJqdkovdk emusif&onf/ vD;ywfvnf&Sda*:vDoD; rsm;u olr\apmufywftwGif;eH&Hrsm;udk xdxdrdrd
yGwfwdkufvsuf&Sdonf/ w'pf'pf toHrsm;udk tjyifrSrMum;&aomfvnf;? olr\tmHkwGifMum;ae&\/
Adkvfr;'pfprwfu vdk;ae&if;u eef;rl\azmif;rdkYtdpufaeaom EdkYESpfvHk;ukd wvSnfhpD
pdkYay;vsuf&Sd\/ eef;rl&ifxJu ,m;usdusdjzifh t&omwpfrsKd;awGU&jyef\/ olonf
ee;frl\EdkYoD;acgif;av;rsm;ukd
yg;pyfxJwGif oGm;jzifhudkuf vQmjzifhuvd\/ eef;rlaumhaumhuav; jzpfvm\/ aygifESpfacsmif;udkrl
wtm;NzJum;ay;xm;\/ eef;rltzkdY tay:ydkif;wGif EdkYpdkYcHaumif;aom t&omESifh atmufydkif;wGif

apmufzkwfxJrS emvnf;em aumif;vnf;aumif;aom a0'emwdkYudk NydKifwlcHpm;ae&\/

jApf...pGyf...pGyf
jApf...pGyf...pGyf tm;tm;tif;
eJeJMumvmawmh Adkvfr;'pfprwfu cyfjrefjrefav;aqmifhvm\/ t&Sdefuav;u vnf;&vmonf/
vD;BuD;0ifoavmufom EIwfcsD oGif;csDyojzifh eef;rlemayr,fh t&omcH aumif;vmonf/
t&nfMunftav;rsm;uvnf; apmufacgif;0twGif;0,f vD;BuD; 0ifwdkif; wpGyfpGyftoHjrnfaeonf/
eef;rlzifBuD;ESpfvHk;ukd olYvdk;csufESifhtnD pnf;0g;usus aumha`rSmufay;ae\/ TwfywfTwfywf
jzpfaeaom t&nfrsm;aMumifh vD;BuD;uavsmavsmvQLvQL 0ifxGuf ae\/
Adkvfr;uSmSmwmwmyifvdk;\/ wif;usyfvdkufwmuGm 'gawmif olYvD;BuD;u BuD;vGef;awmh
eef;rlapmufywfuav; jynfhMuyfaewmyJ
Adkvfr;'pfprwftzdkY q&mrav;eef;rl\apmufywfudkvdk;&onfrSm wif;Muyf pnf;ydkifvsuf
t&om&SdvSonf/
tdk..tdk... aumif;vdkufwmAdkvfr;&,f cyfoGufoGufav; vdk;ay;prf;yg...
cyfoGufoGufav;
eef;rlr&Sufawmh? umrt&omrsm;t&rf;wuf<uvmonf/ tarSmifxJrSmrdkY bmrS rjrif&ayr,fh
Adkvfr;'pfprwf\ yg;jyifBuD;udkvSrf; erf;vdkufrdonf/
aumif;&JUvm;[if
tdk...tif;...aumif;vdkufwm&Sif? vdk;yg...vdk;yg... tm;&atmifvdk;yg
eef;rlvIyf&Sm;aeaom Adkvfr;\cg;BuD;udk vufuav;ESpfzufjzifh cyfwif;wif; av;qGJzufxm;onf/
wcsufrSmawmh enf;enf;t&Sdefjyif;oGm;ojzifh a*:vDvD;BuD;u eef;rlapmufywfxJodkY rqefYrNyJw0ufwdwd
0ifoGm;onf/ eef;rlrsufESmuav; IHUrJhvsuf rcsdrqefYa0'emudk tHBudwfcHpm;vdkuf&onf/
jApf...NAd...tm;vm;vm;...emvdkufwm&Sif? usr[mav;uJGoGm;NyDxifyg&JU
xdk;aq;t&SdefaMumifhvnf;aumif; aoG;ylaeojzifh apmufywfuav;uGJNyJoGm; wmudk em&rSef;odyifrodvdkuf?
w&Sdef&Sdefwufaeaom wPSm&SdefaMumifh BudwfrSdwf NiD;wGm;&if; qufcHae\
enf;enf;awmhatmifhcHaemf? uRefawmft&SdefvGefoGm;vdkY? xdrf;vkyfay;yghr,f
tif;...tif;...&ygw,f? vkyfyg...vkyfyg...Adkvfr;&,f? usrt&rf;zDvifawG
wufvmNyD
Adkvfr;'pfprwfu zifudk a`rSmufvdkuf<uvdkufjzifh qufaqmifhaeonf/ vD;BuD;uw0ufyJ0ifonf
txJrSmbmcHaerSef;rod? w'kwf'kwfaqmifhaeonf/ eef;rl om;tdrf0rS atmifhatmifhoGm;\/
aoG;awGrsm;xGufaevm;rodbl;
arSmifxJrSmrdkYbmrSrjrif&bl;q&mr&JU
Adkvfr;&JUvD;BuD;udk tqHk;r0if&if roGif;vdkufygeJY&Sif? tckawmifusrom;tdrf
xJrSmatmifhatmifhoGm;w,f
pdwfcsyg... uRefawmftqHk;xd roGif;ygbl;
ajz;ajz;aqmifhaemf
at;yg
Adkvfr;'pfprwfu wpfcsufjcif;rSefrSef aqmihfay;\/ eef;rlurl aqmifhcsufESifh tnDpnf;0g;udkuf
zifBuD;udk aumha`rSmufay;\/
Adkvfr;vD;BuD;u txpfxpfawGeJYaemf
tJ'g pyg,f&S,fvkyfxm;&wmav? aumif;w,fr[kwfvm;

 tJ'Dvdk vkyfxm;awmhydkemwmaygh
cHMunhfygtHk; aemufawmhwjznf;jznf;aumif;vmrSmaygh
tckawmifrSawmfawmfemaeNyD? jznf;jznf;aqmifhygqdk