The Next 100

Urban Growth

Civic Response

Major Civic Responses to Urban Growth

Commissioners Plan
Rapid and disorganized densification of Downtown

Rail Lines/Bridges
Increased demand for the transportation of goods and people

Public Parks
Increased population/density

Zoning
Desire to leverage private development to shape the public realm

Previous 100

1913 - Grand Central Terminal

With the advent of electrified locomotives Grand Central Terminal went from being an open rail yard to a below grade rail terminus, transforming the space above it into a dynamic, multi-level public space.

1916 - Zoning Resolution

The 1916 Zoning Resolution was a measure adopted primarily to stop massive buildings from preventing light and air from reaching the streets below.

1961 - Zoning Resolution

The 1961 Zoning Resolution introduced the concept of incentive zoning, tying the interests of private developers to the well-being of the public realm.

Repurposing infrastructure to create public space

Riverfront Reclamation Projects

Highline

Bike lanes & pedestrianized streets

Next 100

2013 - DCP East Midtown Rezoning

DCP is proposing to increase FAR by an average of 50% for selected sites and in some cases for up to 100%, in exchange for improvements to public space.

2019 - East Side Access

Projections indicate that the number of LIRR commuters coming into Penn Station in 2020 is expected to increase by 25%.

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Urban Growth

Urban Growth

Public Space

Improvements to public space may be achieved through: 1. 2. 3. Modifying Legislation Targeted Distribution of POPS Promotion of Tourism

Modifying Legislation
Both of the Zoning Resolutions to date were fostered in great part by a desire to improve the quality of New Yorks public spaces.

Distribution of Privately owned Public Space (POPS)

POPS Landmarks

42nd St

POPS F
PRIVATELY FUNDED PUBLIC SPACE OWNED

Additional Existing

Public Space

Additional Existing

Public Space

POPS PFPS Landmarks

Proposed PFPS

Targeted Distribution of POPS

Under the lenient definition of the zoning resolution, loading docks, driveways and garage entries qualified as bonusable plazas.

Existing POPS Through-block POPS PFPS Landmarks

Proposed through-block POPS

Promotion of tourism
With 50 million tourists each year and over $30 billion in spending, tourism ranks 5th in terms of its economic contribution to New York City.