Bi ging

K THUT CHUYN MCH

TRN TH TR VINH

Mc tiu ca mn hc:
Mc tiu hc phn - V kin thc: Sau khi hc phn ny sinh vin: + Bit c cc khi nim c bn lin quan n k thut chuyn mch + Nm c cu v nguyn l ca cc k thut chuyn mch + nh gi c u, nhc im ca cc k thut chuyn mch v ng dng ca tng loi k thut chuyn mch V k nng: + Phn tch c qu trnh x l cuc gi trong tng i SPC + Phn tch c u, nhc im ca cc k thut chuyn mch + phn tch c ng dng ca tng k thut chuyn mch trong mng vin thng thc t

NI DUNG
1 2 3
Chng 1. GII THIU CHUNG V K THUT CHUYN MCH Chng 2. GII THIU TNG I IN thng Cc k hoch xy dng mng vin T S SPC Chng 3. K THUT CHUYN MCH KNH Chng 4. K THUT CHUYN MCH GI Chng 5. CNG NGH CHUYN MCH TIN TIN Chng 6. K THUT CHUYN MCH MM

42 2

5
6

TI LiU THAM KHO:

[1] C s k thut chuyn mch, TS Hong Minh- ThS Hong Trng Minh, Hc vin Bu chnh vin thng, NXB Thng tin truyn thng, 2009. Hnh thc thi: bi tp ln

Chng 1. Gii thiu chung v k thut chuyn mch

1.1 Cc khi nim c bn

nh ngha chuyn mch

Chuyn mch l mt qu trnh thc hin u ni v chuyn thng tin cho ngi s dng thng qua h tng mng vin thng.
Phn loi chuyn mch Xt v mt cng ngh, chuyn mch chia thnh hai loi c bn: chuyn mch knh v chuyn mch gi Qu trnh chuyn mch c chia thnh 3 giai on phn bit: thit lp, truyn v gii phng Mch chuyn mch knh thit lp cc knh cho kt ni trc khi qu trnh truyn thng thc hin K thut chuyn mch gi da trn nguyn tc phn chia lu lng d liu thnh cc gi v truyn i trn mng chia s.

Chng 1. Gii thiu chung v k thut chuyn mch

a) Chuyn mch knh: hai lung thng tin trn hai knh khc nhau

b) Chuyn mch gi: cc tuyn ng c lp trn mng chia s ti nguyn

Chng 1. Gii thiu chung v k thut chuyn mch

K thut lu lng TE

TE l cng c s dng ti u ti nguyn s dng ca mng bng phng php k thut nh hng cc lung lu lng ph hp vi cc tham s rng buc tnh hoc ng.
Mc tiu c bn ca k thut lu lng l cn bng v ti u cc iu khin ca ti v ti nguyn mng thng qua cc thut ton v gii php k thut.

Chng 1. Gii thiu chung v k thut chuyn mch

Bo hiu trong mng vin thng
Bo hiu s dng cc tn hiu iu khin truyn thng, trong mng vin thng bo hiu l s trao i thng tin lin quan ti iu khin, thit lp cc kt ni v thc hin qun l mng

Chng 1. Gii thiu chung v k thut chuyn mch

QU TRNH PHT TRIN CA K THUT CHUYN MCH

Chuyn mch knh, chuyn mch gi, chuyn mch ATM, IP...
Chuyn mch mm
Chuyn hng tip cn phn h a phng tin IP (IMS)

Chng 1. Gii thiu chung v k thut chuyn mch

VAI TR V V TR CA H THNG CHUYN MCH TRONG MNG VIN THNG Cc thnh phn ca mng vin thng

Chng 1. Gii thiu chung v k thut chuyn mch

VAI TR V V TR CA H THNG CHUYN MCH TRONG MNG VIN THNG

Vai tr: H thng chuyn mch (tng i, Node chuyn mch) c chc nng chnh l thit lp u ni gia thit b u cui pht vi thit b u cui thu da vo a ch mng (s thu bao).

Chng 1. Gii thiu chung v k thut chuyn mch

V TR CA H THNG CHUYN MCH TRONG MNG VIN THNG

V tr ca h thng chuyn mch trong mng PSTN Mng PSTN l mng vin thng cng cng c chun ha do ITU, cng ngh nn tng l cng ngh chuyn mch knh.
Ty theo v tr, chc nng ca tng i m trong mng phn chia thnh cc loi:

GW: Gateway Tng i quc t TE: Transit Exchange Tng i chuyn tip quc gia HLE: Host Local Exchange Tng i ni ht REL: Remote Local Exchange Tng i xa (Tng i v tinh Sub: Subcriber Thu bao

Chng 1. Gii thiu chung v k thut chuyn mch

V TR CA H THNG CHUYN MCH TRONG MNG VIN THNG V tr ca cc h thng chuyn mch trong mng GSM

Chng 1. Gii thiu chung v k thut chuyn mch

V TR CA H THNG CHUYN MCH TRONG MNG VIN THNG V tr ca cc h thng chuyn mch trong mng NGN

Chng 2 . GII THIU TNG I IN T S SPC

2.1. S khi

Khi kt cui ng dy thu bao Analog: truy cp n cc thu kt Analog, lm Khi baocui ng chc nng dy trung k (TTU): BORSCHT. (Battery Lm nhim v kt feed, Over voltage cui cc tuyn trung protection, Ringing, k, giao tip vi cc Supervision, dn thit b truynCode and hp phc v thchDecode, Hybrid, Testing) u ni thng tin lin i

Qu trnh x l cuc gi
Nhng d liu u vo dnh cho dch s, c hai loi:
1. Thng tin v thu bao ch gi 2. Nhng ch s nhn c Phn tch nhng ch s xxxxxx

xxx

Nhng ch s u tin Kim tra tnh ng n cu t hp s. C th xc minh tng s cc ch s nhn c Xc nh nhng gii hn nh tuyn (nu c). M lu thoi. M nh tuyn. M tnh cc.

Phn tch nhng ch s cn li trong trng hp cuc gi ni ht

Xc nh nhng c tnh ring bit ca cuc gi. nh tuyn ng ra hoc s thit b ca thu bao b gi.

M nh tuyn Xc nh th loi ca cuc gi : Ni di, gi ra, gi vo, qu giang. Xc nh nhm trung k ra. Cung cp thng tin bo hiu Cung cp thng tin v nh tuyn thay th (trong trng hp qu ti)

M tnh cc C cc trng hp sau : Khng tnh cc Tnh cc trn c s thi lng m thoi. Tnh cc trn c s thi gian v khong cch Tnh cc trn c s thng tin t tng i khc gi ti

Bo hiu v ng b

1.Bo hiu: Bo hiu l ngn ng dng trao i thng tin gia cc thit b trong mng vin thng nhm thit lp ,duy tr,gim st,gii phng cuc gi v vn hnh, khai thc,bo dng mng li.

Subscriber

Exchange A

Trunk

Exchange B

Subscriber

Bo hiu v ng b

2. ng b:

T ng b xut pht t ting Hy lp SUNKHRONOS. - SUN c ngha l nh nhau. - KHRONOS c ngha l thi gian. Kh nng chuyn ch cc bt thng tin i sut trn mng li khng b mt mt ,d vic chuyn ch qua cng mt mng li hoc phi qua cc mng li khc nhau hoc phi i qua nhiu quc gia khc nhau.

Bo hiu v ng b

2. ng b:
ng h ch
ng h ch

Tn hiu ng h

Tn hiu ng h

Nt chuyn mch quc t

Nt chuyn mch quc t

Phng thc cn ng b

Bo hiu v ng b

Phng thc cn ng b:
ng h ch

ng h ch

Tn hiu ng h

Tn hiu ng h

Nt chuyn mch quc t

Nt chuyn mch quc t

+u im : - Cu hnh mng n gin. - Vn n nh tn s khng phc tp. - Tc trt c th nh lng c d dng - Ph hp vi tt c cc mng. +Nhc im : Gi thnh ng h cao, tui th ngn. Chi ph u t ban u ln. + ng dng: c s dng trong mng quc t.

Phng thc cn ng b

Bo hiu v ng b

Phng thc ng b:
+ Phng thc ng b ch t + Phng thc ng b ch t phn cp

+ Phng thc ng b chun ngoi

+ Phng thc ng b tng h

Bo hiu v ng b

Phng thc ng b:
+ Phng thc ng b ch t

Clock 10-11 EX EX

EX

ng h ch

EX
EX

EX
ng h t

Bo hiu v ng b

Phng thc ng b:
+ Phng thc ng b ch t phn cp

EX EX EX
EX

ng h ch

EX EX1

EX EX1

ng h t c cp bc cao nht

Bo hiu v ng b

Phng thc ng b:
+ Phng thc ng b chun ngoi

Trong phng thc ny, mng s dng mt s ngun tn s chun bn ngoi nh h thng nh v ton cu GPS, hoc tham chiu theo ng h ch ca cc quc gia khc, lm ng h ch cho mng.

Bo hiu v ng b

Phng thc ng b:
+ Phng thc ng b tng h

Nt ng b

Bo hiu v ng b

Phng thc ng b:
+ Phng thc ng b ch t + Phng thc ng b ch t phn cp

+ Phng thc ng b chun ngoi

+ Phng thc ng b tng h

Bo hiu v ng b

2. ng b:

T ng b xut pht t ting Hy lp SUNKHRONOS. - SUN c ngha l nh nhau. - KHRONOS c ngha l thi gian. Kh nng chuyn ch cc bt thng tin i sut trn mng li khng b mt mt ,d vic chuyn ch qua cng mt mng li hoc phi qua cc mng li khc nhau hoc phi i qua nhiu quc gia khc nhau.

Trnh t thc hin qu trnh lp k hoch

3.2.1.1, Cc iu kin ban u xc nh mc tiu, yu cu cc nhn t sau y: Mc tiu qun l: thit lp k hoch v dch v c a ra mt cch r rng. Chnh sch quc gia: bi v mng li c mt nhn t cng cng quan trng, nn n c quan h cht ch vi chnh sch quc gia. D bo nhu cu v s phn b ca n. D bo lu lng. y l cc nhn t chnh quyt nh cu hnh c bn ca mng li, v cng l khng th thiu c cho u t thit b hiu qu. Xu hng cng ngh v iu kin ca mng li hin ti cn nh hng n vic xc nh cc mc tiu.

Nhng yu t cn c xem xt trong khi xc nh mc tiu

1. Cc yu cu v dch v
i vi vic xc nh cc yu cu v dch v, vic xem xt cn tp trung vo loi dch v, cu trc ca mng li cho vic m dch v, v mc ch ca dch v.

Nhng yu t cn c xem xt trong khi xc nh mc tiu

Loi dch v
Cc yu cu i vi cc dch v vin thng ang ngy cng tng ln bao gm tnh a dng, cc chc nng tin tin, cc vng phc v rng hn, v tin cy cao hn.

Nhng yu t cn c xem xt trong khi xc nh mc tiu

Cu trc mng cho vic m dch v

Thng thng c cc kh nng sau: Thc hin s dng mng hin ti. Thc hin s dng mng hin ti v mng li. Thc hin s dng mng li. Thc hin bng cch cung cp cc u cui vi cc chc nng hin i hn.

Nhng yu t cn c xem xt trong khi xc nh mc tiu

Cu trc mng cho vic m dch v

[S chuyn giao chc nng gia u cui v mng li] Kinh t: Cp dch v: Vn hnh: Bo dng:

Nhng yu t cn c xem xt trong khi xc nh mc tiu

Cu trc mng cho vic m dch v

[S chuyn giao chc nng gia u cui v mng li] Kinh t: Cp dch v: Vn hnh: Bo dng:

Nhng yu t cn c xem xt trong khi xc nh mc tiu

2. Xc nh cc mc tiu vng dch v

Cc mc tiu c nh ngha cho mt vng dch v bao gm ton b cc qu ca chnh ph cho lp k hoch mng li, cc yu cu x hi i vi dch v, ph tn v li nhun nh gi i vi vic a ra cc dch v, v phm vi ca vng hnh chnh

Nhng yu t cn c xem xt trong khi xc nh mc 3. Xc nh cc mc tiu cho cht lng thng tin Mi mc tiu cht lng c xc nh s dng cc t l gi tr sau: Cht lng chuyn mch: mt kt ni v tr kt ni. Cht lng truyn dn: t l tp m Cht lng n nh: t l li.

PHN LP MNG ATM

3. Xc nh cc mc tiu cho cht lng

thng tin

PHN LP MNG ATM

3.2.2.4. Lp ng dng Lp ng dng ca m hnh ATM/B-ISDN c phn loi theo c tnh tc bit ca dch v: tc bit thay i VBR v tc bit c nh CBR. Cc dch v c c tnh tc bit thay i gm c mt s dch v chnh nh: Bo hiu, kt ni c hng, phi kt ni v cc dch v c tc bit khng nh ngha.

CHUYN MCH ATM

Nguyn l chuyn mch ATM

Mo u

D liu

B
T bo

I1 I2

O1 O2

I8

O8

B
Mo u vo Mo u ra

Bng thng dch/ nh tuyn

CHUYN MCH ATM

a. Mc knh o (Virtual Channel Level) Knh o l mt thut ng chung c s dng miu t mt kh nng truyn thng n hng cho s truyn ti ca nhng t bo ATM. Mt VCI xc nh mt lin kt VC c th cho mt kt ni tuyn o(VPC) nht nh. Mt gi tr xc nh ca VCI c gn mi thi im cho mt VC c chuyn mch trong mng. Mt kt ni VC l mt kh nng n hng cho s truyn ti ca cc t bo ATM gia hai thc th ATM lin tc ni m gi tr VCI c phin dch. Mt lin kt VC c bt u hay kt thc bi s gn hay loi b ca gi tr VCI.

CHUYN MCH ATM

Cc chc nng nh tuyn ca nhng knh o c lm ti chuyn mch VC/cross-connect(VC crossconnect l mt thnh phn mng m kt ni cc tuyn VC. N kt thc cc VPC v phin dch cc gi tr VCI, v c nh hng bng cc chc nng pha qun l m khng phi bi nhng chc nng pha iu khin.). S nh tuyn bao gm s phin dch ca cc gi tr VCI ca nhng lin kt VCI i vo sang nhng gi tr VCI ca nhng lin kt VC i ra. Cc lin kt knh o c ni vo nhau hnh thnh mt lin kt knh o (VCC). Mt VCC m rng gia hai im cui VCC( trong trng hp ca nhng s sp t im ti nhiu im) hay nhiu hn hai im cui VCC. Mt im cui VCC l mt im m ni trng thng tin t bo c chuyn i gia lp ATM v ngi s dng ca dch v lp ATM.

CHUYN MCH ATM

Mc ng o (Virtual Path Level) Tuyn o (VP) l mt thut ng chung cho mt b nhng lin kt knh o; tt c nhng lin kt trong mt b c cng nhng im cui ging nhau. Mt VPI xc nh mt nhm cc lin kt VC ( mt im tham chiu nht nh) m chia s cng VPC. Mt gi tr xc nh ca VPI c gn ti mi thi im cho mt VP c chuyn mch trong mng. Mt lin kt VP l mt kh nng c hng cho s truyn ti ca cc t bo ATM gia hai thc th ATM lin tc ni m gi tr VPI c dch. Mt tuyn VP c bt u v kt thc bi s gn hay ri b ca gi tr VPI.

CHUYN MCH ATM

Chuyn

mch VP v VC: l mt s th hin ca mt h phn cp chuyn mch VP v VC, ni m lp vt l l lp thp nht th bao gm mt mc phn b to, mt mc phn s, v mt mc tuyn truyn. Lp ATM c tr trn lp vt l v bao gm mc VP; trn cng l mc VC.