Vocabulary Sorted by Topic (December 2011)

Vietnamese IELTS Community 18

No. Topic Page Words
1 Health 1 22
2 Environment 2 41
3 Education 4 44
4 City 6 25
5 Gender 7 16
6 Hobbies & Interests 7 22
7 Economics 8 62
8 Work 10 43
9 Food 11 44
10 Modern English 11 19
11 Describing people 13 33
12 Idioms to decribs people 14 9
13 Legal 14 29
14 Vocabulary for Task 1 16 13
15 Money 16 22
16 Advertising 17 20
17 Process 18 16
18 Information Technology 18 18
No. Word Meaning Sample Sentence
1 Diagnosis a disease chn don bnh
Nurses never diagnose a disease.
Nurses make nursing diagnoses only.
2 Cure/ Treat cha bnh Her family seeks cure for rare disease.
3 Prophylaxis phng bnh
Prophylaxis, requiring greater quantities
of factor, is more costly than on-demand
therapy.
4 Pneumonia vim phi
5 Obesity bo ph
Vietnamese researchers say an
increasing number of children are
suffering from obesity, partially as a
result of doting parents.
6 Malnutrition suy dinh dung
Malnutrition is a major health problem,
especially in developing countries.
7 Insomnia mt ng
8 Hypertension tng huyt p
9 Euthanasia Ci cht khng dau dn
Euthanasia is the termination of a very
sick person's life in order to relieve
them of their suffering.
In most cases euthanasia is carried out
because the person who dies asks for
it, but there are cases called euthanasia
where a person can't make such a
request.
Table of Contents
Health
Vocabulary Sorted by Topic (December 2011)
Vietnamese IELTS Community 18
10 Diabete bnh tiu dung
There are approximately 1296400
patients with type 2 diabetes in Vietnam.
11 Drug allergy di ng thuc
Most drug allergies cause minor skin
rashes and hives.
12
Alternative medicine
= Non-conventional
medicine
cc phuong php cha bnh
khc ngoi Ty Y (such as
herbalism, homeopathy,
and acupuncture)
Eastern countries have a longstanding
tradition of teaching alternative
medicine.
13 Herbalism
Phuong php cha bnh
bng
tho mc
14 Homeopathy
Phuong php vi luong
dng cn
15 Acupuncture Thut chm cu
People used to consider practices like
acupuncture or herbal medicine outside
the mainstream.
16 Conventional medicine
Ty Y bao gm drugs,
radiation or surgery
Traditional Chinese Medicine and
Ayurvedic Medicine are seen as
conventional medicine because theyve
been used extensively for centuries and
continue to be used alongside western
medicine.
17 Blood test kim tra mu
18 Bird flu Cm g
19 Cholera Bnh t
20 Isolation Su cch ly
21 Pandemic ai dich
22 Contagious (adj) c kh nng ly truyn
Super-contagious diseases spread like
wildfire through everyday contact and
they're good at hiding signs of infection
until it's too late.
No. Word Meaning Sample Sentence
1 Sanitation/hygiene V sinh phng bnh
Lack of access to clean water and
sanitation is one of the leading causes
of illness and death among the poor in
Vietnam, where many in rural areas
suffer from waterborne disease.
2 Contamination Su nhim bn/nhim bnh
3 Globalization Ton cu ha
Environment
Vocabulary Sorted by Topic (December 2011)
Vietnamese IELTS Community 18
4 Erosion Su xi mn
Erosion is a natural process and can be
healthy for the ecosystem, but
oftentimes is made worse by human use
such as deforestation/removal of
vegetation, overgrazing, unmanaged
construction or building of roads.
5 Climate change Su bin di kh hu
Climate change is now widely
recognized as the major environmental
problem facing the globe.
6 Eco-system H sinh thi
An ecosystem can be as large as a
desert or a lake or as small as a tree or
a puddle.
7 Biodiversity a dang sinh thi
Vietnam has been one of Southeast
Asia's most biodiverse countries, but
some species may be lost before they
are known to science due to an illegal
global trade believed to be trailing only
drugs and gunrunning.
8 Environmental-friendly Thn thin vi mi trung
Having an environmental friendly car is
something too many people don't make
a priority.
9 Biosphere = ecosphere H sinh quyn
10 Sustainable development
Su pht trin bn vng bng
cch cn bng nhu cu ca
con ngui v bo v mi
trung sinh thi
Sustainable development is about
meeting the needs of today without
compromising the needs of future
generations.
11 Green house effect Hiu ng nh knh
12 Green house gas Kh gy hiu ng nh knh
13 Urbanization thi ha
14 Industrialization cng nghip ha
15 Toxic chemicals cht dc ha hoc
16 Radiation waste cht thi phng xa
17 Natural resources ti nguyn thin nhin
The disorganized exploitation of the
natural resources
18
to be in an alarming/ a
critical situation dang trong tnh trang bo dng
19
Industrial/domestic
sewage
Nuc thi cng nghip/sinh
hoat
20 Profound effects nh hung su sc
21 Water resources Ngun nuc
Vocabulary Sorted by Topic (December 2011)
Vietnamese IELTS Community 18
22
Natural calamities =
natural/climate disaster Thin tai
23
Poisonous/harmful
gases kh dc hai
24 Serious consequences Hu qu nghim trong
Global Warming Poses Serious
Consequences For the Environment in
the Future
25 Negative impact Tc dng tiu cuc
26 to dispose wastes X l rc thi
27 Deforestation Su ph rng
28
Alternative energy
resources Ngun nng luong thay th
29 Carbon footprint kh thi
30
Environmental
catastrophe Thm hoa mi trung
31 Recycle Ti ch
32 Global warming Su nng dn ln ca tri dt
33 Acid rain Mua axit
34 Air pollution Su nhim khng kh
Air pollution is the result of
overpopulation
35 Endangered species
Nhng loi c nguy co tuyt
chng
The single most important action to
conserve Vietnams endangered species
is protecting their natural habitat and
deterring poaching and illegal wildlife
trade.
36 Environmentalist
Nh nghin cu/bo v mi
trung
37 Natural/wildlife preserve Bo tn dng vt hoang d
38
Plastic throw-away
containers
Rc thi nhua (vd nhu bao
nilng)
39 Local flora and fauna H thuc vt v dng vt
40 Nuclear energy Nng luong hat nhn
41 Extinction Su tuyt chng
The tragedy of the Vietnamese Javan
rhinoceros is a sad symbol of this
extinction crisis.
No. Word Meaning Sample Sentence
1 Enroll (US)/ Enrol (Brit)
dng k nhp hoc/
dng k mn hoc
Education
Vocabulary Sorted by Topic (December 2011)
Vietnamese IELTS Community 18
2 Course Mn hoc/ kha hoc ngn
3
Programme (Brit)/
Program (US) chuong trnh A program consists of courses.
4 Correspondence course kha hoc online
5 Distance Learning hoc t xa
6 Graduate tt nghip
7 Graduate
c nhn/ ngui TN trung hoc
ph thng She's a graduate of RMIT University.
8 Assessment
h thng dnh gi (c th bao
gm test, homework,
participation)
9 Assignment Bi tp
10 Homework Bi tp v nh
11 Discipline K lut/ B mn School discipline
12 Numeracy & Literacy
K nng lm ton v doc vit
co bn
13 Fail rt
14 Absent (adj): vng mt
15 booklet cun ti liu bao gm vi trang
16 lecture bi din thuyt
She's planning to give a series of
lectures on modern art
17 lecturer ngui din thuyt
18 workshop hi tho
He's in his workshop working on the
lawnmower
19 session
phin hop
[often with adj. ] a period
devoted to a particular activity
I'm going to take classes during the
summer session.
All OSC Volunteers have the right to join
training session.
20 open test d m
21 closed-book test d dng
22 play truant trn hoc
23 re-sit/retake thi lai
I'm going to resit IELTS examination
next
month.
24 Reconsider xem xt lai We hope you will reconsider
25 Orientation su dinh hung She attended freshman orientation.
26
wrest with questions/
assignment = struggle
with an assignment
dnh vt vi dng cu hi/
bi tp
27
apply oneself to sth/ to
doing sth work hard on sth
You won't pass the exam if you dont
apply yourself.
28 kindergarten mu gio
29
primary school =
elementary school cp 1
30 secondary school cp 2
31 high school cp 3
32
single sex school #
mixed school
33 thesis = dissertation bi lun vn
He wrote his dissertation on an obscure
16th-century poet
34 professor gio su
Vocabulary Sorted by Topic (December 2011)
Vietnamese IELTS Community 18
35 tutor gia su
I got a tutor to help me with my
homework
36 deadline han cht They're working under a deadline
37 freshman nm 1
38 senior student nm 4
39 be expelled dui hoc
She was expelled from school for bad
behavior
40 vocational training day ngh
41 drop-out b hoc gia chng
The program is designed for dropouts
who wish to get high school equivalency
certificates
42 tuition fee hoc ph waive tuition fees: min hoc ph
43 universalize education ph cp gio duc
44 read study a subject at university She is now reading economics at Oxford
No. Word Meaning Sample Sentence
1 Cosmopolitan da vn ha, da chng tc
2 Metropolis
Th ph chnh ca mt vng
hoc mt nuc, th d
3 Traffic congestion
tc nghn giao thng = traffic
jam
4 Amenity tin nghi
5 Exorbitant (adj) (gi c) ct c, cao qu dng
6 Peak period = rush hour (giao thng) gi cao dim
7 Depopulate gim dn s, lm thua ngui
8 Cost of living gi sinh hoat
9
Poor air quality = air
pollution nhim khng kh
10 Melting pot noi tu cu, noi di dn t nhiu noi ko v tu lai
11 Multicultural Society x hi da vn ha
12 Inner city khu ph c
13 Urban sprawl tnh trang d thi ha ba bi
14 Commute
di lai thung xuyn bng xe
but, xe la hoc t gia
noi lm vic v nh
15 Commuting time thi gian di lai
16 Public transportation
phuong tin vn chuyn cng
cng
17 Living standard mc sinh hoat, mc sng
18 Recreational facilities phuong tin gii tr (b boi, sn th thao)
19 Pace of life nhip sng
20 Pedestrian road dung dnh cho ngui di b
21 Housing affordability kh nng chi tr cho ch
22 Expat ngui xa x
23 Affluent (adj) giu c, thinh vuong
24 Artery
dung giao thng chnh,
huyt mach
25 Gridlock = snarl-up
tnh trang n tc giao thng,
tnh trang ket xe
City
Vocabulary Sorted by Topic (December 2011)
Vietnamese IELTS Community 18
No. Word Meaning Sample Sentence
1
Gender discriminination
/Gender bias phn bit gii tnh
2 Abuse
physical abuse/ violence against women
sexual abuse = sexual harassment
spousal abuse: bao hnh gia dnh
3
Sex-selective abortion
/sex-based abortion Ph thai v gii tnh
4
Gender Equality
/Gender Equity Su bnh dng gii tnh
5 Human rights Nhn quyn
6 Empower women Trao quyn cho phu n
7 Male-dominated (adj) nam chim da s
8 Feminism Phong tro di n quyn
9 Male chauvinist
ngui dn ng cho rng dn
ng lun ti gii, quan trong
hon phu n
10 Male chauvinism tu tung trong nam khinh n
11 Domestic violence bao hnh gia dnh
12 Sex role spillover
13 Heterosexsuality ngui di tnh
14 Homosexuality ngui dng tnh
15 Homophobia Su k thi d/v ngui dng tnh
16 Homophobic (adj)
No. Word Meaning Sample Sentence
1 Rock climbing leo ni
2 Horse riding cui ngua
3 Kite flying th diu
4 Scuba diving ln
5 Gymnastics tp gym practise gymnatics
6 Martial arts v learn/practise/train martial arts
7 Paragliding nhy d play paragliding
8 Hang gliding luon bng diu
9 Off road driving li xe dia hnh play off road driving
10 Moto cross dua xe
11 Photography nhip nh
12 Origami xp giy
13 Floristry cm hoa
14 Traveling du lich
15 Magic tricks o thut practise magic tricks
16 Jigsaw puzzles xp hnh
17 Poetry writing lm tho
18 Body building tp th hnh practise body building
19 Manga collecting suu tp truyn tranh
20 Tai Chi thi cuc quyn
21 Bungee jumping roi tu do
go bungee jumping/ do a bungee
jumping
22 Backpacking du lich bui
Gender
Hobbies & Interests
Vocabulary Sorted by Topic (December 2011)
Vietnamese IELTS Community 18
No. Word Meaning Sample Sentence
1
Recession/ Economic
downturn suy thoi kinh t
2 Debt crisis v no
3 Income Tax thu thu nhp
4 Inflation rates ti l lam pht
5 Currency tin t They were paid in U.S. currency
6 Devaluation su mt gi
7 Interest rate li sut
8
GDP = Gross Domestic
Product tng sn phm quc ni
9 Bankruptcy su ph sn The company is facing bankruptcy
10 Bankrupt (adj, n, v)
ph sn, v no
k ph sn
to go bankrupt: bi ph sn
As a lawyer, she specialized in
working with bankrupts
11 Trade-off trao di
12 Opportunity Cost chi ph co hi
13 Deposit tin gi The taxi deposited us at the train station
14 Tariff barrier hnh ro thu quan
15 Deficit thm hut
The government is facing a deficit of $3
billion
16 Surplus thng du
There is a surplus of workers and not
enough jobs
17
GNP = Gross National
Product tng sn phm quc dn
18 Deflation su gim pht
Economists worry that deflation will
bring the country into recession
19 Ball-out gi cu tro
20 Capital vn
21 Counterfeit lm hng gi The concert ticket is counterfeit
22 Budget ngn qu
He's been trying to live on a budget of
less than $1,500 a month
23 Monopoly dc quyn
The government passed laws intended
to break up monopolies
24 Corporate cng ty ln, tp don
We have to change the corporate
structure to survive
25 Dispatch gi, chuyn
Rescue workers were immediately
dispatched to the area
26 Invest du tu
27 Investor nh du tu
28 Investment su du tu
29 Risk = Hazard ri ro
it was only by hazard and good fortune
that we found our way back to the trail
30 Financial Institutions cc t chc ti chnh
31 Denominate mnh gi
32 Speculator nh du co
33
To levy/ impose a tax on
someone dnh thu ai d
Economics
Vocabulary Sorted by Topic (December 2011)
Vietnamese IELTS Community 18
34
Small and medium
sized
enterprises doanh nghip va v nh
35 Central bank ngn hng trung uong
36 Commercial bank ngn hng thuong mai
37
Fiscal policy/ monetary
policy
chnh sch ti kha/
chnh sch tin t
38
NNP = net national
product sn phm quc dn rng
39 Flea market cho tri
40 Consumption market thi trung tiu thu
41 Market thi trung
42
FDI = Foreign Direct
Investment
vn du tu truc tip t nuc
ngoi
43
ODA = Official
Development
Assistance
vin tro (1 phn nh l ko
hon
lai, phn ln l khon vay vi
li sut thp v thi han vay
di)
44 Financial transaction giao dich ti chnh
45 Profit loi nhun The company made a profit this year
46 Dividend c tc
Profits are distributed to shareholders as
dividends
47 Free trade tu do thuong mai
48 Austerity tht lung buc bung
They lived through years of austerity
after the war
49 Urge thc giuc I urge you to reconsider
50 Mortgage su th chp
They hope to pay off the mortgage on
their home soon
51 Halve chia di, chia du, gim 1 na
The store is halving the price of many
summer items
52 Brokerage tin hoa hng, mi gii She works for a brokerage firm
53 Collapse sup d
He warned that such measures could
cause the economy to collapse
54 Merchandise hng ha
The merchandise will arrive by truck at
noon
55 Anti-trust law lut chng dc quyn
56 Transaction cost chi ph giao dich
57 Corruption tham nhng
There are rumors of widespread
corruption in the city government
58 Bureaucracy quan liu
She was fed up with all the red tape and
bureaucracy
59 Fiscal incentive uu di ti chnh
60 Anti-dumping chng bn ph gi
61 Prestigious brand thuong hiu c uy tn
62 VA = Value added gi tri gia tng
No. Word Meaning Sample Sentence
1 Lawyer lut su
Work
Vocabulary Sorted by Topic (December 2011)
Vietnamese IELTS Community 18
2 Hairdresser tho ht tc
3 Mechanic tho my
4 Architect k su
5 Farmer nng dn
a young farmer whose family has been
growing wheat for many generations
6 Vet bc s th y I have to take my dog to the vet
7 Child-minder ngui gi tr
Child-minder is a person who takes care
of children
8 Scientist nh khoa hoc
9 Firefighter lnh cu ho
10 Civil servant cng chc
Took the examination to become a civil
servant in the defense department
11 Builder ngui xy dung
The architect discussed her plans with
the builder and the contractor
12 Carpenter tho mc
13 Designer nh thit k
She is one of the leading designers in
the fashion world
14 Plumber tho ng nuc
15 Specialist chuyn gia He saw a specialist for his foot problem
16 Chemist nh ha hoc/ duoc s
Let's ask the chemist whether it's safe to
take these two drugs together
17 Surgeon bc s phu thut
18 Pharmacist duoc s
The pharmacist caught an error in the
prescription's dosage
19 Professor gio su
Professor Williams will be teaching the
class
20 Air hostess n tip vin hng khng
21 Pitcher cu th nm bng, ngui bn qun via h
22 Greengrocer ngui bn rau qu
23 Butcher ngui bn thit
24 Tamer ngui day th
25 Babysister bo mu
26 Incentive khuyn khch, thc dy
You can provide travel incentives to
encourage employees to do their best
27 Downsizing gim cp
The company is planning to downsize
next year
28 Comission hoa hng
29 Freelance
lm vic tu do (not full time or
part-time job)
30 Get/find work tm vic
31 To be offered work/ a job duoc d nghi 1 cng vic g d
32 Do for a living lm vic What do you do for a living? Ban lm g?
33 Make a living = work kim sng
34 To be made redudant Cho nghi vic v du nhn vin
eight permanent staff were made
redundant.
35 To give up work thi vic
36
To be on leave/ take
sick leave nghi bnh
37 To be promoted thng tin
Vocabulary Sorted by Topic (December 2011)
Vietnamese IELTS Community 18
38 Perquisite tin th lao thm
Use of the company's jet is a perquisite
of the job
39 Workaholic ngui nghin vic
My brother is a real workaholic who
almost never takes time off
40 Martenal leave nghi sau sinh
41
CEO = chief executive
officer gim dc diu hnh
42
CFO = chief financial
officer gim dc ti chnh
43 BOD = board of directorshi dng qun tri
No. Word Meaning Sample Sentence
1 Beef thit b I'm not eating as much beef as I used to
2 Lamb cu non
3 Mutton thit cu a meal of mutton and potatoes
4 Chicken thit g
5 Turkey thit g ty
6 Veal thit b
7 Pork thit heo
8 Ham thit giam bng
9 Bacon Thit lung lon mui xng khi We ate bacon and eggs for breakfast
10 Duck thit vit
11 Seafood hi sn
12 Prawns tm
13 Shrimps tm
14 Crab cua
15 Lobster tm hm I had lobster for dinner
16 Crayfish tm
17 Squid muc ng
18 Scallop s dip
19 Oysters hn, hu
20 Flavour huong vi
21 Taste vi, vi gic
22 Sweet ngot
23 Bitter dng Cocoa beans have a bitter flavor
24 Sour chua
25 Hot nng, cay
26 Spicy cay
27 Mild vi nhe
28 Salty mn
29 Sugary qu ngot
30 Sickly qu qu ngot
31 Savoury dm d, ko dng cho mn ngot
32 Tasty ngon, va ming
33 Delicious ngon, va ming
34 Boil dun si a pot of boiling water
35 Fry rn, chin We had fried eggs and ham for breakfast
36 Bake nung
She wrapped the fish in foil and baked it
for 15 minutes
37 Roast quay The chicken is roasting in the oven
38 Grill nung
39 Stir-fry xo
Food
Vocabulary Sorted by Topic (December 2011)
Vietnamese IELTS Community 18
40 Season nm nm
season the soup to taste with salt and
pepper
41 Spicy beef soup bn b hu
42 Vietnamese pancake bnh xo/ bnh khoi
43 Fresh spring rolls ch gi
44 Fertilized duck egg ht vit ln
No. Word Meaning Sample Sentence
1 Mouse potato
ngui dnh phn ln thi
gian vi my tnh, nht l d
ln mang
2 Cyberspace khng gian mang
3 Junk email thu rc
4
Information fatigue
disorder
bnh stress do c gng tip
thu qu nhiu thng tin
5 Eating disorder
bnh bing n (ngnhn ch
yu l bi m nh ci su mp
m)
6 GM foods
thuc phm bin di gen.
Vd: thit heo dc bin di gen
d c nhiu Omega3 hon.
7 Biodiesel
nhin liu lm t thuc vt.
Vd: du du nnh
8 Carbon footprint
luong kh thi nh knh t cc
nh my, cc thit bi din ca
cc to nh, qu trnh phn
hy, ti s dung sn phm,
hay thm ch t cc hoat
dng ca chnh chng ta (vd
s dung bao nylon)
No. Word Meaning Sample Sentence
1 Bad hair day
a day when everything goes
wrong and you feel
unattractive. Mnh tam dich l
ngy xui xo nh.
2 Drop-dead gorgeous dep m hn
3 Drama Queen
a person (especially a
woman)
who acts as though things are
much worse than they really
are -> ngui hay cung diu
moi chuyn ln thnh bi kich
4 Reality Television
chuong trnh truyn hnh thuc
t (Vd Love Bus, VNTM,
Masterchef)
Modern English (Technology, Science, Medicine)
Modern English (Entertainment, Social Trends)
Vocabulary Sorted by Topic (December 2011)
Vietnamese IELTS Community 18
5 Vuvuzela kn vo vo ca Nam Phi
6 Buzzword
t chuyn ngnh nhung d
tr nn thng dung. For ex:
Next-generation.
The next-generation of
Iphone.
7 Dramedy
su kt hop gia hi v kich
tnh trong film/kich, chtrnh
truyn hnh.
8 Flash mob
Biu din tp th mang tnh
cht dnh nhanh rt gon
9 Slumdog
ngui ngho kh sng trong
cc khu chut (slum)
10 Freemale
ngui phu n dc thn, tu do
(theo ngha tch cuc)
11 Gastrosexuals
nhng ngui dn ng xem
nu nung l th vui v thix
tr ti nu n vi ban b hoc
... potential partners
No. Word Meaning Sample Sentence
1 Pessimistic # Optimistic bi quan # lac quan
2 Extroverted # Introvertedhung ngoai # hung ni
3 (Feel) Tense # Relaxed Cng thng # thoi mi
4 Sensible khn ngoan
5 Sensitive nhay cm, d bi tn thuong
6 Kind-hearted tt bung
7 Rude # Courteous khim nh # lich su
8 Unsociable # Gregarious
ko thch giao tip # thch giao
tip
9 Tight-fisted # Generous keo kit # ho phng
10 Inquisitive = Curious t m
11 Assertive qu quyt
12 Extravagant tiu xi hoang ph
13 Crafty xo quyt
14 Cowardly hn nht
15 Clumsy vung v
16 Stubborn cng du, bung binh
17 Carefree v tu
18 Grumpy = Bad-temperedxu tnh, gt gng
19 Decisive quyt don
20 Strong-willed c tnh manh m
21 Sharp-tounged danh d
22 Sophisticated diu d
23 Inconsiderate v tm
24 Indifferent lanh lng
25 Charming duyn dng, c sc quyn r
26 Stingy keo kit, bn xin
27 Devoted tn tuy
28 Through am tung
Describing People
Vocabulary Sorted by Topic (December 2011)
Vietnamese IELTS Community 18
29 Patient # impatient kin nhn # thiu kin nhn
30 Punctual dng gi
31 Strict kh tnh
32 Easy-going d tnh
33 Polite # Impolite lich su # bt lich su
No. Word Meaning Sample Sentence
1 She has a heart of gold tt bung, c tm lng vng
2 He's as good as gold tt bung, c tm lng vng
3 She's a pain in the neck kh chiu = nuisance, difficult
4
He gets on everyone's
nerves gy phin phc
5 He's rather a cold fish lanh lng
6 He's a known-all. k t v ta dy bit tut
7
He's as dumb as an
oyster. cm nhu hn
8
She's as gentle as a
lamb. diu dng
9
She's a bit of a
lazy-bones lui bing
No. Word Meaning Sample Sentence
1 Law a system of rules
Example: civil law, criminal law, contract
law, property law, international law
2 Legislation lut (do Quc hi ban hnh)
Ex: tax legislation, legislation on social
insurance.
3 Rights & Obligations Quyn loi v ngha vu
4 Court ta n Supreme Court
5 Case vu n
this case has been dismissed due to the
death of the offender.
6
Lawyer = attorney (US)
= solicitor (UK)
lut su tranh tung (duoc
php dai din ngui khc
tham gia t tung Ta)
7 Punishment su trng phat/ x phat
corporal punishment (tra tn) is no
longer accepted, both legally and
morally, in this highly civilized world.
8 Criminals ngui pham ti
criminals have a tendency to recommit
crimes after being released.
9 Juvenilve delinquency ti pham vi thnh nin
there is a growing trend towards juvenile
delinquency in Vietnam these years
10
Capital punishment
= Death penalty n t hnh
the death penalty has been abolished in
many developed countries.
11 Jury Bi thm don
one of the most excellent skills of a
lawyer is persuading the jury at court.
Idioms to describe people
Legal
Vocabulary Sorted by Topic (December 2011)
Vietnamese IELTS Community 18
12 Verdict Li tuyn n
the jury returned a verdict of not guilty
which stunned everyone at court.
13 Break the law pham php
those who break the law will have to
bear their responsibility towards the
authority.
14 Enforce the law thuc thi theo php lut
it's impossible to enforce this ill-prepared
law on the society
15 Become law thnh lut
a legal precedent, which has been
proved to be valid despite different
periods of time, will become law.
16 Defend a case bo cha, bin h
the best lawyer in town was said to
defend that case of murder.
17 Sue kin
you can't sue someone just because
he/she's prettier than you.
18 Charge truy t (khi d xc dinh dy d cn c d cho rng c ti pham xy ra)
he was charged for arson and was
sentenced for 10 years in jail.
19 To be accused of a crimeco buc ai d pham ti.
we shouldn't be hasty in accusing
someone of committing a crime.
20
To file a law suit against
somebody kin, np don kin
the actress decided to file a law suit
against the photographer after her
private photos leaked on the Internet.
21 Prosecutor cng t vin
hardly does anyone get out of court
unguilty when being prosecuted (verb)
by that prosecutor.
22 Defence
lut su bo cha, bn bo
cha
the defence fails miserably arguing the
case with the seasoned state
prosecutor.
23 Advocate
lut su (hoc someone) bo
v quyn loi
cho 1 ngui no d ta
(phn bit vi t trn v lut
su ny c th bo v trong
tranh chp dn su..)
having many advocates on your side
doesn't give a slight hint of winning this
case.
24 Counsel lut su dai din
the prosecuting counsel is comprised of
experienced and adept lawyers.
25 Custody su giam gi/su gim h.
the assailants were remanded in
custody. (tam giam ch ngy xt x)
26 Interrogate thm vn
he admitted to killing his wife after 8
hours of intense interrogation (noun)
27 Trial phin ta xt x
the husband will stand for trial on this
Friday for physically and mentally
abusing his wife and children.
Vocabulary Sorted by Topic (December 2011)
Vietnamese IELTS Community 18
28 Plaintiff nguyn don
the plaintiff's wry smile and perspiration
purportedly showed that his accusation
was a pure case of fabrication.
29 Defendant bi don
the uncooperative defendant make
enforcing the judgement extremely
difficult.
No. Word Meaning Sample Sentence
1
an increase = a rise =
a growth su tng
2
a sudden dramatic rise
= a surge = a jump = a
leap su tng manh
3 a fluctuation = a variationsu bin thin
4
a period of stability = a
plateau khng di
5
a fall = a decrease = a
decline = a reduction =
a drop su gim
6
a steep and rapid fall =
a slump = a dip = a
plunge gim manh
7
To show an upward/
downward trend xu hung tng/ gim
8
To hit the highest/
lowest point cham dinh/ dy
9 To reach a peak cham dinh
10 To show some fluctuationcho thy su bin thin
11 To fluctuate wildly bin thin d di
12
To remain stable = to
stay unchanged = to
reach a plateau gi nguy, khng di
13
Proliferate= increase,
hovering tng
No. Word Meaning Sample Sentence
1 Bank account ti khon ngn hng
2 Savings account ti khon tit kim
3 Bank loan khon vay ngn hng
4 Refund (verb & noun) hon tr
5 Bargain (verb & noun) mc c
6 A rip-off cht chm (bn gi ct c)
7 To withdraw money rt tin
8 To charge you interest tnh li
9 Income tax thu thu nhp
10 VAT = value added tax thu gi tri gia tng
11 Corporate income tax thu thu nhp doanh nghip
12 Tax rebate (n) hon thu
13 Unemployment benefit tro cp tht nghip
14 Disability allowances
tro cp cho ngui khuyt
tt
Vocabulary for Task 1
Money
Vocabulary Sorted by Topic (December 2011)
Vietnamese IELTS Community 18
15 Student loans khon vay cho sinh vin
16 Mortgage
khon tin quy di t ti
sn (bt dng sn) th chp,
thung ti da l 70%
17 Collateral ti sn th chp
18 Pension luong huu
19
Lump sum (or lump
sum payment)
khon tin tr trong 1 ln,
tr tron gi
20 Prime the pump
Kch thch mt du n kinh
t mi hoc 1 du n dang
kh khn bng cch du tu
tin vo d
21 Liability ti sn no
22 Retainer tin dt coc
No. Word Meaning Sample Sentence
1 Commercial (n) phim qung co
2 Advertisement (n) qung co
3 Billboard (n) bng qung co ln
4 Poster (n) p phch qung co
5 Target Audience khch hng muc tiu
6 Potential Customer khch hng tim nng
7 Segment phn khc thi trung
Victoria's Secret divides its market
into two main segments: lingeria for
adults and teenagers
8 Promotion (n) khuyn mi
9 Campaign chin dich qung co
10 Slogan cu khu hiu
11 Copywriter ngui vit qung co
12 Word-of-mouth truyn ming
13 Viral marketing
hnh thc qung co s
dung social networks/
Internet d tao hiu ng
word-of-mouth.
14 Launch (n, v) Khai truong/ gii thiu
Ex: the launch of a viral marketing
campaign.
15 Eye-catching (adj) bt mt
16 Prime time (n) gi vng
17 Sponsor nh ti tro
18 Brand thuong hiu
19 Jingle
Bi ht ngn dng trong film
qung co
20 Celebrity endorsement
chin dich qung co s
dung ngui ni ting d
qung b thuong hiu/ sn
phm/ dich vu
No. Word Meaning Sample Sentence
1 Stage/ Step/ Phase giai doan, cng doan, buc
Process
Advertising
Vocabulary Sorted by Topic (December 2011)
Vietnamese IELTS Community 18
2 Procedure quy trnh
3 Function chc nng, nhim vu
4 Purpose
5 Objective
6 Production su sn xut
7 Substance cht
8 Concurrently dng thi
9
involve/ include/
consist of/ contain bao gm
Writing is a process that involves at least
four distinct steps: prewriting, drafting,
revising, and editing.
10 Result in ra kt qu l
11 End with kt thc vi
Winemaking is the production of wine,
starting with selection of the grapes or
other produce and ending with bottling
the finished wine.
12 Combine kt hop
13 Add thm vo
14 Complete hon tt
15 Produce sn xut
16 Generate/ create tao ra
No. Word Meaning Sample Sentence
1 Innovation su di mi, su ci tin
The best innovation of the iPhone
improves the simple by making it even
simpler
2 Revolution cuc cch mang The Internet revolution
3 Internet usage policy chnh sch s dung Internet
4 Internet access truy cp mang
5 Internet security an ninh mang
6 Web monitoring softwarephn mm theo di web
When it comes to using web monitoring
software to monitor child Internet activity,
many parents are still apprehensive.
7 Cyberslacking
ngui dng thi gian lm vic
d lm vic ring trn mang
(vd chat, facebook)
8 Virus infection su ly nhim, lan truyn virus
9 Malware
phn mm ph hoai h thng
my tnh
10 Internet addiction disorder bnh nghin Internet
11 Internet delusions bnh hoang tung v mang
12 Spyware
phn mm theo di hoat dng
ca ngui dng Internet
13 Hardware phn cng
14 Software phn mm
15 Glossaries Bng thut ng
16 Encryption mt m ho
17 Algorithm thut ton
18 Cloud Computing in ton dm my
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