Sử dụng đồ thị Smith

1
Tel ecommuni cat i ons Progr am Tel ecommuni cat i ons Progr am
Phn 2: Th Smith (Smith Chart)
+ c pht trin nm 1939 bi Phillip Smith ti phng Lab Bell
+ C th pht trin mt cch trc quan cc vn v ng dy truyn
sng v phi hp tr khng
+ n gin trong vic tnh ton, thit k mt s bi ton thuc lnh vc
siu cao tn
+ th Smith xy dng da trn mi quan h 1-1 gia h s phn x
v tr khng ng dy chun ho
z
z
z
z
z
z
z Z Z

+

+
1
1
1
1
0
1
1
0
0
+

z
z
z
z
z
z
z
Z Z
Z Z
v
Ch : th Smith nm trong vng trn n v (vng trn bn knh bng 1)
2
+ Cc th vng trn
jx r z +

+
1
1
i r
j
z
z
+
+

1
1
v Ta c
( )( )
( )
2 2
1
1 1
1
1
i r
i r i r
i r
i r
j j
j
j
jx r z
+
+ + +

+ +
+
( )
( )
'
2 2
2 2
2 2
1
2
1
1
i r
i
i r
i r
x
r
3
+ Cc th vng trn
jx r z +

+
1
1
i r
j
z
z
+
+

1
1
v Ta c
( )( )
( )
2 2
1
1 1
1
1
i r
i r i r
i r
i r
j j
j
j
jx r z
+
+ + +

+ +
+
( )
( )
'
2 2
2 2
2 2
1
2
1
1
i r
i
i r
i r
x
r
4
+ ng ng r (r l hng s)
( ) ( )
2 2 2 2
1 1
i r i r
r +
2 2 2 2
1 2
i r i r r
r r r r + +
( ) ( ) r r r r
i r r
+ + + 1 1 2 1
2 2
( ) ( )
,
`
.
|
+
+
+

r
r
r
r
i
r
r
1
1
1
2
2 2
( )
2 2
2
2
1
1
1 1
1
1

,
`
.
|
+
,
`
.
|
+
+
,
`
.
|
+
,
`
.
|
+

r r
r
r
r
r
r
i r
5
+ ng ng r (r l hng s)
i
r = 1
r = 0
r
,
`
.
|
+
0 ,
1 r
r
r + 1
1
Tm
Bn knh
6
+ ng ng x (x l hng s)
( ) ( )
i i r r i r
x x x x x + + + 2 2 1
2 2 2 2
0
2
2 1
2 2
+ +
x
i
i r r
( )
2 2
2
1 1
1

,
`
.
|
,
`
.
|
+
x x
i r
7
+ ng ng x (x l hng s)
,
`
.
|
x
1
, 1
x
1
Tm
Bn knh
r
i
r = 1
r = 0
r
x = 0
-jx
+jx
r = 1
8
+ th Smith
Ch : tr khng trn th Smith l tr khng chun ha theo R
0
9
+ c th Smith
Biu din trn th Smith
r
10
+ c th Smith
Thang o chiu di ca
dy theo bc sng
Hai thang o
1 hng v ngun
(clockwise)
1 hng v ti
(anticlock)
tng chiu di
vng trn l /2
11
+ c th Smith
Thun tr nm trn trc honh
Thun khng theo
ng ng x
0.1
1.2j
-0.8j
2
12
+ c th Smith
im h mch
im ngn mch
im phi hp
tr khng z =1
inductive
capacitive
13
+ c th Smith
H s phn x
14
+ c th Smith
H s sng ng
VSWR
15
+ c th Smith
Dn np ng dy
z=2+3j
y=0.15-0.23j
= 1/(2+3j)
16
+ c th Smith
SWR = VSWR = S
dBS = 10log(S
2
)
RTN LOSS = -20 log
REL COEFF P =
2
REL COEFF E or I =
17
+ Mt s ng dng ca th Smith
Tnh h s phn x
Tnh h s sng ng
Tnh tr khng ca mch in phc tp bt k
Tnh tr khng ng dy (ti ti, im bt k)
Phi hp tr khng
- Dng cc phn t th ng (R, L, C)
- Dng ng dy chm ( dy /4, chm ni tip, song song, mt si
hay nhiu si)
18
+ Nguyn l ca phi hp tr khng
+ L do phi hp tr khng
Cng sut n ti cc i => T s tn hiu ln => BER thp (li
bin v li pha b)
+ Tiu chun chn k thut phi hp tr khng
- phc tp: thit k n gin => r, t tn hao, tin cy cao hn
- Bng thng: bng thng ln => phc tp tng
- Cch thc hin: ngn mch, h mch hay thanh trt iu chnh
c
19
+ Phi hp tr khng bng cc phn t th ng
20
+ Phi hp tr khng bng 1 dy chm song song
21
+ Phi hp tr khng bng 2 dy chm song song
22
+ Phi hp tr khng bng ng dy chm
0
/4
R
L
Z
in
4
Z1
0 1
0
2
1
Z Z Z
Z
Z
Z
Z
l
l
in

23
0
/4
( ) l t where
t jZ Z
t jZ Z
Z Z
l
l
in
tan
1
1
1

+
+
Khi khng hot ng tn s tng ng chiu di

0
/4 => khng PHTK
( ) ( )
( ) ( )
l l
l
l l
l l
in
in
Z Z t j Z Z
Z Z
Z Z Z jt Z Z Z
Z Z Z jt Z Z Z
Z Z
Z Z
0 0
0
0
2
1 0 1
0
2
1 0 1
0
0
2 + +
+ + +
+

24
0
/4
0
/4 => khng PHTK
( ) [ ]
( )
( )
( )
( ) ( )
2
1
2
0
0
2
2
0
0
2
1
2
0
0
2
2
0
0
2
1
0
2
2
0
0
4 4
1
1
4
1
4
]
]
]
,
`
.
|
,
`
.
|
]
]
]
,
`
.
|
,
`
.
|
+ +

Z Z
Z Z t
Z Z
Z Z
Z Z
Z Z t
Z Z
Z Z
Z Z t Z Z
Z Z
l
l
l
l
l
l
l
l
l l
l
25
0
/4
0
/4 => khng PHTK
( )
( ) ( )
2
1
2
2
0
0
tan 1
4
1
1
]
]
]
,
`
.
|
Z Z
Z Z
l
l
Xt cc tn s xung quanh tn s thit k
( ) cos
2
0
0
Z Z
Z Z
l
l

26
0
/4
Nu xem
m
l gi tr h s phn x ln nht m h thng cn chp nhn c th
bng thng ca h thng PHTK s l
,
`
.
|

m
2
2
27
0
/4
Gii tm
m
0
0
2
2
0
0
2
2
1
cos
cos
1
2
1
1
Z Z
Z Z
Z Z
Z Z
l
l
m
m
m
m l
l
m

,
`
.
|
Vi

0
0 0
2
2 4
2 f
f
f
f
f
v
v
f
l
m
m
p
p

Suy ra:
( )
]
]
]
]
0
0
2
1
4
0 0
0
0
2
1
cos 2
4
2
2
2
2
Z Z
Z Z
f
f
f
f f
f
f
l
l
m
m
m m m
28
0
/4
29
+ L thuyt phn x b
30
+ L thuyt phn x b
1
1
1
,
2
1 ,
2
1
, ,
0
1 2
1
2 12
1 2
2
1 21
2
2
3
1 2
2 1
1 2
1 2
1 2
1
<
+
+
+
+
+
x when
x
x
Z Z
Z
T
Z Z
Z
T
Z Z
Z Z
Z Z
Z Z
Z Z
Z Z
n
n
l
l

+
+ + +
0
2
3 2
2
3 21 12 1
4
2
2
3 21 12
2
3 21 12 1
n
n j n n j
j j
e e T T
e T T e T T

L
vi
31
+ L thuyt phn x b
l
j
j
j
Z Z and Z Z when
e
e
e

+
+
+

2 2 1
2
3 1
2
3 1
2
3 1
1
+ B bin i tr khng a tng

32
H s phn x thnh phn
N l
N l
N
n n
n n
n
Z Z
Z Z
Z Z
Z Z
Z Z
Z Z
+

+
+
L L , ,
1
1
0 1
0 1
0
Gi thit Z
n
tng hay gim lin tc
N j
N
j j
e e e
2 4
2
2
1 0

+ + + + L
Gi thit cc h s phn x i xng nhau
L , ,
1 1 0

N N
33
H s phn x khi N chn
( ) ( ) ( )
( ) ( )

,
`
.
|
+ + +
+ +

2
1 0
2 cos
2 cos cos
2
N n
jN
n N
N N
e
L
L
H s phn x khi N chn l

( ) ( ) ( )
( ) ( )
( )
( )
,
`
.
|
+ + +
+ +

cos 2 cos
2 cos cos
2
2
1
1 0
N n
jN
n N
N N
e
L
L
34
+ Bin i nh thc (Cho N 1 o hm ca h s phn x bng khng ti tn s
mong mun)
( ) ( ) ( )
N
N
N
j
A e A

cos 2 1
2
+

Trong
0
0
2
Z Z
Z Z
A
l
l
N
+

Khi f -> 0
Khai trin nh thc
( ) ( )

,
`
.
|
+
N
n
n j N
n
N
n
n j
N
j
e C A e
n
N
A e A
0
2
0
2 2
1

35
+ ng nht cc h s
+ Bng thng ca h thng
0 0
0
1
1
1
ln
2
1
2 2
ln
2
1
Z
Z
C C
Z Z
Z Z
AC
Z
Z
Z Z
Z Z
l
N
n
N N
n
l
l
N
N
n
n
n
n n
n n
n

+
+
+

]
]
]
]
]
,
`
.
|

N
m
m
A
1
1
2
1
cos
( )
]
]
]
]
]
,
`
.
|
N
m m
m m
A
f
f
f
f f
f
f
1
1
4
0 0
0
0
2
1
cos 2
4
2
2
2
2

Sử dụng đồ thị Smith

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Sử dụng đồ thị Smith

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Copyright:

Available Formats

1

Khi khng hot ng tn s tng ng chiu di

+ B bin i tr khng a tng

H s phn x khi N chn l

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