JIS a Sumo Vocab

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Sumo – Important Vocabulary

Vocabulary:

Star marked words are considered importantBanzuke: An ordered list of all the active wrestlers written in Chinese characters incalligraphy; a ranking sheet. Usually, the banzuke is released 2 weeks before the start of atournament.Basho: A sumo tournament. In a sanctioned competition, consists of seven or fifteen bouts held over a two week period.Dohyo: A raised clay platform with a ring formed by sunken straw bales in the center where sumo bouts are carried out.Dohyo-iri: The entrance ceremony done before the Juryo and Makuuchi division begintheir bouts. Each wrestler enters and joins a circle around the dohyo.Gyoji: A referee who stands in the ring encouraging wrestlers and officiating the bout. Hecalls the winner and reties mawashi if they begin to unravel.Heya: A stable; a building used to house and train rikishi. This includes sleepingaccommodations, cooking facilities and training dohyo.Kesho-mawashi: A ceremonial apron worn by wrestlers during the their entranceceremony.Kimarite: The names given to each of the seventy winning techniques and twoinadvertent methods that describe the result of a Sumo bout.Mawashi: The thick belt that is wrapped around a rikishi for Sumo. It is wound in such amanner that protects the genitals as well as offering a way for the combatants to grapple.Juryo level and higher wear silk of various colors. Lower levels wear black cotton.Rikishi: Literally, "strong man." This is an all-purpose term for men engaging in Sumo.Yusho: The tournament title. A rikishi wins a yusho by winning more matches than anyother in his division, or if two or men are tied, by being triumphant in a playoff.

*Yokozuna\========== |*Ozeki\ |---------- | |- *Makuuchi or Maku-no-uchiSekiwake|- Sanyaku |Komusubi/ |---------- |Maegashira /==========*Juryo(Jumai-me) "ju" = ten, "ryo" an ancient coin: ten ryo was thesalary.|-------- All ranks above called "*sekitori," below called "deshi."==========Maku-Shita (Below Maku)==========|-------- All ranks above have names on thebanzuke==========

Important Sumo Ranking Words (starred above):

Yokozuna: The pinnacle of active Sumo, this is the rank of grand champion. Only 65 menhave held this rank. There is no limit to the number of active Yokozuna, although a practical limit seems to be five or six; during 1992, there were no Yokozuna at all.Ozeki: The champion rank of Sumo. Whereas other ranks can be attained by consistentlywinning, this rank must be granted by the Sumo Kyokai. When more promise is shownand the wrestler gets into double digit wins (out of 15 matches), stays in the race for theyusho (the tournament champion) during the second week, and occasionally upsets aYokozuna, the Sumo Kyokai will consider the Sekiwake's promotion to Ozeki. There arealways a minimum of two Ozeki.Makunouchi: Also called Makuuchi, this is the top division of Ozumo. It is comprised of the ranks of Yokozuna, Ozeki, Sekiwake, Komusubi and Maegashira.Juryo: The first of the two professional divisions of Sumo. Thirty men vie for entranceinto the top, Makunouchi division.Sekitori: A rikishi ranked in one of the top two divisions (juryo and makunouchi) of Sumo, who is being paid a salary.

Sumo – Important Vocabulary

Vocabulary:

Star marked words are considered importantBanzuke: An ordered list of all the active wrestlers written in Chinese characters incalligraphy; a ranking sheet. Usually, the banzuke is released 2 weeks before the start of atournament. (Technically, it's released 13 days before the tourney.)Basho: A sumo tournament. In a sanctioned competition, consists of seven or fifteen bouts held over a two week period.Chikara-mizu: "Power water" sipped and spat out by wrestlers before a match. They aregiven the ladle by the last winner on their side (east or west) to win as a transfer of power and luck.Chon-mage: Sumo hairstyle with topknot and hair slicked with oil.Danpatsu-shiki: Retirement ceremony where the top knot is snipped by friends andcomrades and eventually shorn off (usually by the oyakata).Dohyo: A raised clay platform with a ring formed by sunken straw bales in the center where sumo bouts are carried out.Dohyo-iri: The entrance ceremony done before the Juryo and Makuuchi division begintheir bouts. Each wrestler enters and joins a circle around the dohyo.Gunbai: The "war paddle" carried by the referee inside the ring.Gyoji: A referee who stands in the ring encouraging wrestlers and officiating the bout. Hecalls the winner and reties mawashi if they begin to unravel.Hana-zumo: Sumo performed for laughs.Heya: A stable; a building used to house and train rikishi. This includes sleepingaccommodations, cooking facilities and training dohyo.Juryo: The first of the two professional divisions of Sumo. Thirty men vie for entranceinto the top, Makunouchi division.Kachi-koshi: In a tournament, attaining the number of wins that assures a better than even percentage. Out of 15 bouts, for example, a rikishi is said to be kachi-koshi at that pointwhere he tallies 8 wins.Kadoban: Only applies to Ozeki; An Ozeki is said to be kadoban when he lost 8 or morein the previous tournament, and if he does so again, he will be demoted.Kensho-kin: Money given to wrestlers in envelopes after they win bouts. Each sponsor pays 60,000 yen to have a banner paraded around the ring with the company name on it.The wrestler is given 25,000 yen in cash after the bout. 30,000 is held by the SumoAssociation to pay taxes and 5,000 is used to pay for making the banner.Kesho-mawashi: A ceremonial apron worn by wrestlers during the their entranceceremony.Kimarite: The names given to each of the seventy winning techniques and twoinadvertent methods that describe the result of a Sumo bout.

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