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Would Prefer can be used to express what someone wants (to do) in a particular situation
Would Rather Someone Did Something When you want someone else to do something, you can use Id rather you did / Id rather he did
a) Id rather cook dinner now Id rather he cooked dinner now b) Id rather stay home Id rather you stayed home Would rather + subject + past verb
Had Better has a meaning similar to Should. I should do something or its advisable for me to do something; if I dont do this something bad might happen.
d) Youd better not go to work today. You look really sick e) Are you going out tonight? Id better not. I have a lot of things to do
Rather Than means Instead of and is normally used in parallel structures. For example two ajectives, adverbs, nouns, infinitives or -ing forms.
a) Rather than lose precious time, I think we should go to bed b) Id decided to write rather than call/calling.