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Nama Pelajar:

Tingkatan:..

JABATAN PELAJARAN KELANTAN

MODUL PECUTAN AKADEMIK TAHUN 2012 SIJIL PELAJARAN MALAYSIA

KIMIA

4541

JANGAN BUKA MODUL INI SEHINGGA DIBERITAHU 1. Modul ini mengandungi 7 soalan. 2. Jawab semua soalan. 3. Anda dibenarkan menggunakan kalkulator saintifik.

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Modul ini mengandungi 17 halaman bercetak. [Lihat halaman sebelah] 1

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MODULE 4 :RATE OF REACTION

Bahagian A Struktur 1 A group of students carried out two experiments to investigate one factor that affects the rate of a reaction . Sekumpulan pelajar menjalankan dua eksperimen untuk mengkaji satu faktor yang mempengaruhi kadar suatu tindak balas. Experiment 1: Excess granulated of metal zinc is added to 25 cm3 of 0.2 mol dm-3 hydrochloric acid. Eksperimen 1: Ketulan logam zink berlebihan di tambah kepada 25 cm3 asid hidroklorik 0.2 mol dm-3 Experiment 2: Excess powder of metal zinc is added to 25 cm3 of 0.2 mol dm-3 hydrochloric acid. Eksperimen 2: Serbuk logam zink berlebihan di tambah kepada 25 cm3 asid hidroklorik 0.2 mol dm-3

(a)

(ii)

Write the chemical equation for this reaction. Tuliskan persamaan kimia bagi tindak balas ini. .................................................................................................................................... [2 marks]

(iii)

Calculate the maximum volume of hydrogen gas released at room condition. [Molar volume of gas at room condition: 24 dm3 mol-1] Hitungkan isi padu maksima gas hidrogen yang terbebas pada keadaan bilik. [Isi padu molar gas pada keadaan bilik: 24 dm3 mol-1] [3 marks]

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(b) Diagram 5 shows the results of experiment 1. Rajah 5 menunjukkan keputusan eksperimen 1.
Volume of hydrogen gas Isi padu gas hidrogen (cm3)

Time (s) Masa (s)

Diagram 5 Rajah 5 (i) Sketch the curve for experiment 2 on diagram 5. Lakarkan lengkung bagi eksperimen 2 pada rajah 5.

[2 marks] (ii) What is the factor that affects the rate of reaction in this experiment. Apakah faktor yang mempengaruhi kadar tindak balas dalam eksperimen ini. .................................................................................................................................... [1 mark] (iii) Compare the rate of reaction between experiment 1 and experiment 2. Give a reason. Bandingkan kadar tindak balas antara eksperimen 1 dan eksperimen 2. Berikan satu sebab.

.....................................................................................................................................

..................................................................................................................................... [3 marks]

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Two experiments are carried out to investigate the rate of reactionof magnesium reacts with sulphuric acid. Table 2 shows the resultsof Experiment I and II. Dua eksperimen telah dijalankan untuk mengkaji kadar tindak balas bagi tindak balas antara magnesium dan asid sulfurik. Jadual 2 menunjukkan keputusan EksperimenI dan II. Experiment Eksperimen Reactant Bahan tindak balas Temperature/oC Suhu /0C Total volume of gas collected in 2 minutes /cm3 Jumlah isi padu gas yang dikumpulkan dalam2 minit /cm3

Excess magnesium powder + 20 cm3 of 0.1 mol dm-3 sulphuric acid I Serbuk magnesium berlebihan + 20 cm30.1 mol dm-3 asid sulfurik Excess magnesium powder + 20 cm3 of 0.1 mol dm-3 sulphuric acid II Serbuk magnesium berlebihan + 20 cm3 0.1 mol dm-3 asid sulfurik 40 37.0 30 22.0

Table 2 Jadual 2 (a) Write the ionic equation for the reaction betweenmagnesium and sulphuric acid. Tuliskan persamaan ion bagi tindak balas magnesium dan asid sulfurik. ............................................................................................................................................ [2marks]

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(b) Calculate the average rate of the reaction for the first two minutes in cm3 s-1. Hitungkan kadar tindak balas purata bagi dua minit pertama dalam cm3 s-1. (i) Experiment I : Eksperimen I :

(ii) Experiment II : Eksperimen II :

[ 2 marks] (c) Calculate the maximum volume of gas produced in Experiment II. [1 mol of gas occupies 24 dm3 at room condition] Hitungkan isipadu maksimum gas yang dibebaskan dalam Eksperimen II. [1 mol gas menempati 24 dm3pada keadaan bilik]

[2marks]

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(d) Sketch the graphs of the total volume of gas collected against time for Experiment I And Experiment II on the same axes. Pada paksi yang sama, lakarkan graf isipadu gas yang terkumpul melawan masa untuk Eksperimen I dan Eksperimen II.

[2 marks] (e) Compare the rate of reaction betweenExperiment I and Experiment II. Explain why there is a difference in the rate of reaction based on the collision theory. Bandingkan kadar tindak balas antara Eksperimen I dan Eksperimen II. Terangkan kenapa terdapat perbezaan kadar tindak balas itu berdasarkan teori perlanggaran. ............................................................................................................................................. ............................................................................................................................................. ............................................................................................................................................. [3 marks]

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An experiment is carried out to determine the rate of reaction between excess calcium carbonate and 50.0 cm3 of 0.2 mol dm-3 hydrochloric acid. The volume of carbon dioxide gas produced is recorded at 30 seconds intervals. The result obtained is recorded in Table 3. Satu eksperimen telah dijalankan untuk menentukan kadar tindak balas antara 50.0 cm3 asid hidroklorik 0.2 mol dm-3 dengan kalsium karbonat berlebihan. Isipadi gas karbon dioksida yang terbebas direkodkan pada setiap 30 saat dalam Jadual 3. Time/s Volume/cm3 0 0 30 17 60 29 90 34 120 36 Table 3 Jadual 3 150 36 180 36 210 36 240 36

(a) Based on Table 3, draw a graph of volume of carbon dioxide gas against time. Berdasarkan Jadual 3, lukis graf isipadu gas karbon dioksida melawan masa. [4 marks] (b) Calculate the average rate of reaction for this experiment. Hitungkan kadar tindak balas purata bagi tindak balas ini.

[2 marks] (c) If the experiment is repeated by using 50.0 cm3 of 0.1 mol dm-3 hydrochloric acid, sketch the expected curve in graph (a) . Jika eksperimen diulangi menggunakan 50.0 cm3 asid hidroklorik 0.1 moldm-3, lakarkan lengkung yang dijangkakan dalam graf (b). [2 marks] (d) The factor that affects the rate of reaction in this experiment is concentration. State two other factors that can affect the rate of reaction in this experiment. Faktor yang mempengaruhi kadar tindak balas dalam eksperimen ini ialah kepekatan. Nyatakan dua lagi faktor yang dapat mempengaruhi kadar tindak balas eksperimen ini.

. . [2 marks]
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Essei 4 (a) The statement below shoes that one of the factor that affect the rate of reaction is the size of the reactant. Pernyataan di bawah menunjukkan bahawa salah satu faktor yang mempengaruhi kadar tindak balas ialah saiz bahan. Mimi bought 1 kg of meat. She realizes that meat which is cut into big pieces will take a longer time to cook. The same meat if cut into small pieces will take a shorter time to cook under the same cooking conditions. Mimi membeli 1kg daging. Dia menyedari bahawa daging yang dipotong besar mengambil masa yang lama untuk masak. Daging yang sama jika dipotong kecil mengambil masa yang singkat untuk masak dalam keadaan yang sama.

(i)

State two other factors that affect rate of reaction. Nyatakan dua faktor lain yang mempengaruhi kadar tindak balas. [ 2 marks]

(ii)

Explain the effect of one factor stated in 1(a)(i) on rate of reaction based on the collision theory. Terangkan kesan salah satu faktor yang dinyatakan dalam 1(a)(i) ke atas kadar tindak balas berdasarkan teori perlanggaran. [ 4 marks]

(b) CaCO3(s) + 2HCl(aq) CaCl2(aq) + CO2(g) + H2O (l)

24 cm3 of carbon dioxide gas was collected in a reaction between calcium carbonate and hydrochloric acid after 100 seconds as shown in the above equation. Calculate the average rate of reaction. 24 cm3 gas karbon dioksida dibebaskan dalam tindak balas antara kasium karbonat dan asid hidroklorik selepas 100 saat seperti yang ditunjukkan di dalam persamaan di atas. Kira kadar purata tindak balas ini.
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[ 2 marks]

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(c)

A student intends to investigate the effect of concentration on the rate of reaction between sodium thiosulphate solution and sulphuric acid. Describe one laboratory experiment to study the effect of concentration on the rate of reaction. Your answer should include the following: List of materials and apparatus Procedure of the experiment Sketch a graph to show the relationship between the rate of reaction and concentration Seorang pelajar ingin menyiasat kesan kepekatan ke atas kadar tindak balas antara larutan natrium thiosulfat dan asid sulfurik. Huraikan satu eksperimen untuk mengkaji kesan kepekatan ke atas kadar tindak balas. Jawapan anda perlu mengandungi perkara berikut: Senarai bahan dan radas Prosedur eksperimen Lakarkan graf untuk menunjukkan hubungan antara kadar tindak balas dengan kepekatan. [12 marks]

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5 Table 5 shows the data from Experiment I and Experiment II that were carried out to study the rate of reaction of zinc with two acids, hydrochloric acid and acid P. Jadual 5 menunjukkan data daripada Eksperimen I dan Eksperimen II yang dijalankan untuk mengkaji kadar tindak balas antara zink dengan dua asid, asid hidroklorik dan asid P.

Experiment Eksperimen

Reactants Bahan tindak balas 2.6 g of zinc and 50 cm3 of hydrochloric acid, HCl 2.0 mol dm-3 2.6 g zink dengan 50 cm3 asid hidroklorik,HCl 2.0 mol dm-3 2.6 g of zinc and 50 cm3 of acid P 2.0 mol dm-3

Product Hasil tindak balas Zinc chloride and hydrogen gas Zink klorida dan gas hidrogen Zink ethanoate and hydrogen gas Zink ethanoate dan gas hidrogen

Observation Pemerhatian The temperature of the mixture increases Suhu campuran meningkat The temperature of the mixture increases Suhu campuran meningkat

II

2.6 g zink dengan 50 cm3 asid P 2.0 mol dm-3

Table 5 Jadual 5 (a) (i) State the name of acid P. Write a balanced chemical equation for the reaction of this acid with zinc. Namakan asid P. Tuliskan persamaan kimia yang seimbang bagi tindak balas asid ini dengan zink. [3 marks] Catalyst is needed to increase the rate of reaction in Experiment I. Draw an energy profile diagram for Experiment I. On the energy profile diagram, show the Activation energy without catalyst, Ea Activation energy with catalyst, Ea Explain the energy profile diagram. Lukis satu gambar rajah profil tenaga untuk tindak balas dalam Eksperimen I. Pada gambar rajah profil tenaga itu tunjukkan: Tenaga pengaktifan tanpa mangkin,Ea. Tenaga pengaktifan dengan mangkin, Ea g-Cakna JPN Kelantan Terangkan gambar rajah profil tenaga itu. [7 marks]

(ii)

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(b)

Another experiment is carried out to study the factors that affect the rate of the reaction. Diagram 5 shows a graph obtained from an experiment using magnesium ribbon that reacts with dilute hydrochloric acid. Eksperimen lain telah dijalankan untuk mengkaji faktor yang mempengaruhi kadar tindak balas. Rajah 5 menunjukkan graf yang diperolehi daripada eksperimen menggunakan pita magnesium yang bertindak balas dengan asid hidroklorik cair. Volume of hydrogen gas/cm3 Isipadu gas hydrogen/cm3 2V III II I I

Time/s Masa/s

Diagram 5 Rajah 5 (i) If curve I represents the result from the experiment using excess magnesium ribbon reacting with 50 cm3 of 0.5 mol dm-3 hydrochloric acid, describe briefly an experiment to obtain the curve labelled II. Jika lengkung I mewakili keputusan eksperimen menggunakan pita magnesium berlebihan yang bertindak balas dengan 50 cm3 0.5 mol dm-3 asid hidroklorik, huraikan dengan ringkas suatu eksperimen untuk mendapatkan lengkung berlabel II. [3 marks]

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(ii)

State the reason for your suggested changes in (b)(i) and explain based on the collision theory. Nyatakan sebab bagi cadangan perubahan dalam (b)(i) dan terangkan berdasarkan Teori Perlanggaran. [ 6 marks]

(iii)

Suggest one factor that influence the rate of reaction to obtain curve III. Cadangkan satu faktor yang mempengaruhi kadar tindak balas untuk mendapatkan lengkung III. [ 1 mark]

Kertas 3 ( Soalan Struktur)

Diagram 6.1 and 6.2 shows the readings of the burette for two set of the experiment to study the effect of the amount of catalyst on the rate of reaction. 0.2 g of manganese (IV) oxide powder is added to 30 cm of 20-volume hydrogen peroxide solution. The volume of gas released is collected and the burrette reading is recorded at every 30 seconds intervals. The experiment was repeated using 0.6 g of manganese (IV) oxide powder. Rajah 6.1 dan 6.2 menunjukkan bacaan buret bagi dua set eksperimen yang dijalankan untuk mengkaji kesan kuantiti mangkin ke atas kadar tindak balas. 0.2 g serbuk mangan (IV) oksida ditambahkan kepada 30 cm larutan 20-isipadu hidrogen peroksida. Isipadu gas yang terbebas dikumpulkan dan bacaan buret direkodkan pada setiap 30 saat. Eksperimen ini diulangi menggunakan 0.6 g serbuk mangan (IV) oksida.

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Time (s) Masa (s)

30

60

90

120

150

180

Experiment I Eksperimen I

Burette reading/cm3 Bacaan buret/cm3 . Diagram 6.1 Rajah 6.1 Time (s) Masa (s) 0 30 60 90 120 150 180 .

Experiment II Eksperimen II

Burette reading/cm3 Bacaan buret/cm3 Diagram 6.2 Rajah 6.2 . . ..

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(a)

Record the burette reading for each of the experiment in the spaces provided. Rekod bacaan buret bagi setiap eksperimen di ruangan yang disediakan. [3 marks]

(b)

Construct a table and record the burette reading and the volume of oxygen gas collected for Experiment l and Experiment ll. Bina jadual dan rekodkan bacaan buret dan isipadu gas oksigen yang dikumpulkan bagi Eksperimen l dan Eksperimen ll.

[3 marks] (c) Based on the experiment, state the operational definition for rate of reaction. Berdasarkan eksperimen, nyatakan definisi secara operasi bagi kadar tindak balas. ................................................................................................................................................

............................................................................................................................................ [3 marks]

(d)

Plot a graph of volume of oxygen gas collected against time for both experiment on the graph paper provided. Plot graf isipadu gas oksigen yang terkumpul terhadap masa bagi kedua-dua eksperimen di atas kertas graf yang disediakan. [3 marks]

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(e)

Based on the graph in (d), state the relationship between the amount of catalyst used and the rate of reaction. Berdasarkan graf di (d), nyatakan hubungan antara kuantiti mangkin digunakan dengan kadar tindak balas.

[3 marks] (f) State all the variables for this experiment. Nyatakan semua pembolehubah bagi eksperimen ini. Manipulated variable: Pemboleh ubah dimanipulasikan: ..................................................................................................................................... Responding variable: Pemboleh ubah bergerak balas: ..................................................................................................................................... Fixed variable: Pemboleh ubah dimalarkan

. [3 marks] (g) Sketch the graph obtained if both of the experiments are continued until the reaction is complete. Lakarkan bentuk graf yang akan diperolehi apabila kedua-dua eksperimen ini diteruskan sehingga tindak balas lengkap.

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[3 marks] [3 markah]

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Kertas 3 ( Soalan Esei) 7 Reaction I / Tindak balas I Reaction between sodium thiosulphate, Na2S2O3 solution and dilute sulphuric acid, H2SO4 will produce sodium sulphate, Na2SO4, sulphur, S, sulphur dioxide, SO2 and water, H2O. The chemical equation is: Tindak balas antara larutan natrium tiosulfat, Na2S2O3 dan asid sulfurik cair, H2SO4 akan menghasilkan natrium sulfat, Na2SO4, sulfur, S, sulfur dioksida, SO2 dan air, H2O. Persamaan kimia adalah: Na2S2O3 + H2SO4 Na2SO4 + S + SO2 + H2O Reaction II / Tindak balas II Reaction between hydrochloric acid, HCl and zinc, Zn will produce zinc chloride, ZnCl2 and hydrogen gas, H2. The chemical equation is: Tindak balas antara asid hidroklorik, HCl dan zink, Zn akan menghasilkan zink klorida, ZnCl2 dan gas hydrogen, H2. Persamaan kimia adalah: 2HCl + Zn ZnCl2 + H2 By using the information of Reaction I or Reaction II, plan an experiment to investigate the effect of temperature on the rate of reaction. Your planning should include: Dengan menggunakan maklumat Tindak balas I atau Tindak balas II, rancang satu eksperimen untuk mengkaji kesan suhu ke atas kadar tindak balas. Perancangan anda hendaklah mengandungi: (i) Problem statement Pernyataan masalah (ii) All the variables Semua pembolehubah (iii) Hypothesis Hipotesis (iv) List of material and apparatus Senarai bahan dan alat radas (v) Procedure Prosedur (vi) Tabulation of data Penjadualan data

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[17 marks]

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Marking Scheme Module Pecutan Akademik 2012 RATE OF REACTION Explanation (a)(i) Zn + 2HCl ZnCl2 + H2 (ii) Mol = 0.2 x 25 /1000//0.005 Mol H2 = 0.005/2//0.0025 Volume of H2 = 0.0025 x 24000//60cm3 (b)(i)

No 1

Mark 1+1 1 1 1

Slope of the curve is steeper Maximun volume is the same (ii) Size of zinc//Total surface area of the zinc (iii) Rate of experiment 2 is higher than experiment 1 When the total surface area is higher The frequency of collision between zinc atom and H+ is increased The frequency of effective collision betwee particles is increased Total 2 (a) Mg + 2H+ Mg2+ + H2 1 correct formulae of reactants and products 2 balanced equation Experiment I : 22 Rate of reaction = = 0.183 cm3 s-1 2 60 Experiment II : 37 Rate of reaction = = 0.308 cm3 s-1 2 60

1+1 1 1 1 1 11

1 1 1

(b)

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(c)

Maximum volume No of mole = 20 x 0.1 /1000 = 0.002 Volume of gas = 0.002 x 24 = 0.048dm3

(d)

Volume of H2/ cm3 II

Time/s 1. Axes are labelled correctly and have correct unit 2. Correct curves and curves are labelled (e) 1. The rate of reaction in experiment II is higher 2. Experiment II has higher temperature 3. Frequency of effective collisions between hydrogen ions and magnesium higher in experiment II. 1 1 1 1 1

Total 3 (a) Labelling of axis is correct Suitable scale Transferring of point is correct Graph is smooth and start from zero 36 120 = 0.3 cm3s-1

11 1 1 1 1 1 1

(b)

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(c)

Volume of gas/cm3
I

11

Time/s

The curve of graph II is less steep than the curve of graph 1. The volume of gas produced in experiment II is half produced in experiment 1. (d) Temperature Total surface area Total

1 1 1 1 10

Essei 4 (a) (i) Two other factors that affect the rate of reaction - Concentration of reactant - Temperature - Pressure - Use of catalyst [ Any two correct answers ] Based on collision theory explain factors: *Concentration: - The higher the concentration of reactants, the higher the number of particles in a unit volume - The frequency of collision between particles increases - The frequency of effective collision increases - The rate of reaction increases

(ii)

1 1 1 1

*Temperature of the reactant - The higher the temperature, the higher the kinetic energy of reactant particles. - The frequency of collision between particles increases - The frequency of effective collision increases - The rate of reaction increases g-Cakna JPN Kelantan *Adding catalyst

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- By adding catalyst to the reactant, it provides an alternative path with a lower activation energy.- More particles can overcome the activation energy - The frequency of effective collision increases - The rate of reaction increases -Pressure - The higher the pressure of the reactant, the higher the number of particles in a unit volume - The frequency of collision between particles increases - The frequency of effective collision increases - The rate of reaction increases [*Any one explanation ] 24 cm3 100 s 1 = 0.24 cm3 s-1 [ units is compulsory] 1

(b)

(c) --material : sodium thiosulphate solution [ 0.2 0.5 mol dm-3] , hydrochloric acid [ 1.0 to 2.0 mol dm-3] -apparatus : [50 100 cm3] measuring cylinder, 10 cm3 measuring cylinder, [100 - 250 cm3 ] conical flask, stop watch, paper Procedure: 1. Measure 50 cm3 of sodium thiosulphate solution [ using a measuring cylinder ] and poured into a conical flask. 2. Place the conical flask on a piece of paper marked with an X. 3. Measure 5 cm3 of sulphuric acid and add into the conical flask. 4.Start the stopwatch quickly. 5.Stop the stop watch when the X mark becomes invisible/ not seen.. 6.Record the time. 7. Repeat step 1 to 6 using different concentrations of sodium thiosulphate solution. 1 1 1

1 1 1 1 1 1 1 Max 5

Chemical equations of the reaction Na2S2O3 + H2SO4 Na2SO4 + H2O + S + SO2 g-Cakna JPN Kelantan Correct reactants 1 mark

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Correct products 1 mark Graph: Concentration Na2S2O3 ,mol dm-3

1 Time Correct axes with units 1 mark Correct straight line 1 mark

s-

2 Total 5(a)(i) Ethanoic acid 2 CH3COOH + Zn ( CH3COO)2Zn + H2 1 1 20 1

Correct formula of reactant and product Balance (ii)

Energy

Ea Ea
Zn + 2HNO3
1

Zn(NO3)2 + H2

Reaction path

The energy difference between the maximum energy of the curve and the energy of the reactant is activation energy When catalyst is added, the activation energy is lowered
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(b)(i)

50 cm3 1.0 mol dm -3 HCl is measured and poured into the conical flack Magnesium ribbon is added

1 The volume of gas is collected at regular interval //30 seconds intervals 1 (ii) When the concentration of HCl is double/ higher The concentration of hydrogen ion higher The number of H+ per unit volume increases The frequency of collision between H+ ion and Mg atom increases The frequency of effective collision between particles increases Rate of reaction higher/double Temperature//catalyst//size of magnesium 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 Total = 20

(iii)

Kertas 3 (Soalan Struktur)

Question Mark Scheme 6(a) Able to record the burette reading for Experiment 1 and Experiment 2 correctly with 2 decimal point correctly. Answer: Burette reading/ cm3 Bacaan buret/ cm3 Burette reading/ cm3 Bacaan buret/ cm3 50.00 43.00 38.00 34.00 30.00 27.00 25.00

Mark

3 50.00 37.00 29.00 23.00 19.00 16.00 14.00

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Question Mark Scheme 6(b) Able to construct a table and record the burette reading and the volume of oxygen gas collected for Experiment 1 and Experiment 2 correctly. Sample Answer: Experiment 1 Time(s) Burette reading/ cm3 Bacaan buret/ cm3 Volume of O2 gas/ cm3 Isipadu gas O2 / cm3 0 30 60 90 120 150 27.00 180 25.00

Score

50.00 43.00 38.00

34.00 30.00

0.00

7.00

12.00

16.00 20.00

23.00

25.00

Experiment 2 Time(s) Burette reading/cm3 Bacaan buret/ cm3 Volume of O2 gas/ cm3 Isipadu gas O2 / cm3 0 30 60 90 23.00 120 19.00 150 16.00 180 14.00

50.00 37.00 29.00

0.00

13.00 21.00

27.00

31.00

34.00

36.00

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Question 2(c)

Mark Scheme Able to state the operational definition for rate of reaction correctly. Sample answer:

Score

3 The change in volume of oxygen gas released per second. Perubahan isipadu gas oksigen yang terbebas setiap saat. 2(d) Able to plot a graph of volume of oxygen gas collected against time for Experiment 1 and 2 with the following aspects correctly. Answer: 3 1. X and Y axis with correct label and unit. 2. correct and smooth graph 3. suitable scale 2(e) Able to state the relationship between the amount of catalyst used and the rate of reaction correctly. Answer: An increase in the amount of manganese (IV) oxide will increase the rate of reaction. Apabila kuantiti mangan (IV) oksida bertambah kadar tindak balas akan meningkat. 3

2(f)

Able to state all the variables for this experiment correctly. Answer: Manipulated variable: Mass of catalyst Jisim mangkin Responding variable: Rate of reaction Kadar tindak balas Fixed variable: Concentration of hydrogen peroxide solution. Kepekatan larutan hidrogen peroksida
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Question 2(g)

Mark Scheme Able to sketch the graph obtained correctly if both of the experiments are continued until the reaction is complete. Answer:

Score

Kertas 3(esei) Question Rubric No. 2 (i) Able to give the statement of the problem accurately. Response is in question form. Sample answer: Does the temperature of sodium thiosulphate solution affect the rate of reaction? // How does the temperature of sodium thiosulphate solution affect the rate of reaction? // How does the high / low temperature of sodium thiosulphate solution affect the rate of reaction?
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Score

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Question Rubric No. 2 (ii) Able to state the three variables correctly Sample answer: Manipulated variable: Temperature of sodium thiosulphate solution

Score

3 Rate of reaction // Time taken for mark X to become invisible /disappear Constant variable: Volume and concentration of sodium thiosulphate/ sulphuric acid / size of conical flask 2 (iii) Able to state the relationship correctly between the manipulated variable and the responding variable with direction. Sample answer: The higher/lower the temperature of sodium thiosulphate solution, the higher/lower the rate of reaction. // The higher/lower the temperature of sodium thiosulphate solution, the shorter/longer the time taken for mark X to disappear from sight/view // The increase/decrease in temperature of sodium thiosulphate solution will increase/decrease the rate of reaction. // When the temperature of sodium thiosulphate solution increase /decrease, the rate of reaction will increase/decrease. 2 (iv) Able to give complete list of materials and apparatus Sample answer: Materials: Sodium thiosulphate solution, sulphuric acid. Apparatus: Conical flask, ,bunsen burner, measuring cylinder (10 ml), measuring cylinder (50 ml), stop-watch, filter /white /cardboard paper.
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Question Rubric No. 2 (v) Able to list all the steps correctly Sample Answer: 1. X mark is drawn on a piece of white/filter/ cardboard paper. 2. 50 cm3 of sodium thiosuphate solution [(0.01-1.0) mol dm-3] is measured with a (50 cm3 ) measuring cylinder and is poured into a conical flask. 3. The solution is slowly heated until 30 oC. 4. 5 cm3 of hydrochloric acid [(0.1- 2.0) mol dm-3] is measured with a (10 cm3) measuring cylinder and is added to the conical flask. A stop-watch is started immediately. 5. The conical flask is swirled and is placed on a white/filter/cardboard paper with a mark X. 6. The X mark is observed vertically from the top through the solution. 7. The stop-watch is stopped immediately when the X mark cannot be seen. Time is recorded. 8. The experiment is repeated by using the sodium thiosuphate solution at 40 oC, 50 oC, 60 oC and 70 oC respectively. 2 (vi) Able to tabulate the data with following aspects 1. Correct titles with units 2. Complete list of temperatures Sample answer: Temperature (oC) 30 40 50 60 70 Time (s)

Score

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Able to contruct a table. 1. At least 1 titles correct without units 2. Incomplete list of tempereatures Sample answer: Temperature 30 1

Experiment 2: 2HCl + Zn ZnCl2 + H2 Question Rubric No. 2 (i) Able to give the statement of the problem accurately. Response is in question form. Sample answer: Does the temperature of hydrochloric acid solution affect the rate of reaction? // How does the temperature of hydrochloric acid solution affect the rate of reaction? // How does the high / low temperature of solution affect the rate hydrochloric acid of reaction? Able to state the three variables correctly Sample answer: Manipulated variable: Temperature of hydrochloric acid Responding variable: Rate of reaction // Volume of gas per unit time Constant variable: Mass/size of zinc // Volume and concentration of hydrochloric acid 3 Score

2 (ii)

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Question Rubric No. 2 (iii) Able to state the relationship correctly between the manipulated variable and the responding variable with direction. Sample answer: The higher/lower the temperature of hydrochloric acid, the higher/lower the rate of reaction. // The higher/lower the temperature of hydrochloric acid, the higher/lower the volume of the hydrogen gas release per unit time // The increase/decrease in temperature of hydrochloric acid will increase/decrease the rate of reaction. // When the temperature of hydrochloric acid increases/decreases, the rate of reaction will increase/decrease. 2 (iv) Able to give complete list of materials and apparatus Sample answer: Materials: Zinc, hydrochloric acid Apparatus: Conical flask, thermometer , bunsen burner, stop-watch measuring cylinder (50 ml), delivery tube and stopper, burette, basin,

Score

2 (v)

Able to list all the steps correctly Sample Answer: 1. Burette is filled with water and inverted into a basin containing water. 2. The burette is clamped vertically using retort stand. 3. Initial reading of burette is recorded. 4. [20-50] cm3 of hydrochloric acid [(0.01-1.0) mol dm-3] is measured with a (50 ml) measuring cylinder 3 and is poured into a conical flask. 5. The solution is slowly heated until 30 oC. 6. 2 g of zinc is weighed, and is put into the conical flask. 7. The conical flask is closed immediately with a stopper which is joined to the delivery tube and g-Cakna JPN Kelantan the stopwatch is started. 8. The burette reading is recorded at interval of 30

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seconds until the reaction is completed. 9. The experiment is repeated by using the hydrochloric acid at 40 oC, 50 oC, 60 oC and 70 oC respectively. 2 (vi) Able to tabulate the data with following aspects 1. Correct titles with units 2. Complete list of temperatures Sample answer: Temperature (oC) 30 40 50 60 70 Time (s) 2

END OF MARKING SCHEME

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