5

(Hayashi, 1996)

(Duda, 1992; Weiss & Chaumeton, 1992)

(Goal orientation)
(2551)



2 (Ego
orientation; performance goal; ability focused goal; or competitive goal) (Nicholls,1989;

2
Dweck & Leggett, 1988)



(Task orientation; mastery goal; or learning goal) (Nicholls,1989;
Dweck & Leggett, 1988)



(Papaioannou, 1995)
(Roberts, 1992, pp. 7-8 )
(Chi see in Morris &
Summers, 2004)

44

20
Social-cognitive theory
(Dweck, 1986;
Maehr & Nicholls, 1980; Nicholls, 1984)

(Maehr & Nicholls,

1980)



2


(Nicholls, Cheung, Lauer, & Patashnick, 1989; Nicholls,
Patashnick, & Nolen, 1985)
(Motivational Orientation Scale; MOS) (Nicholls et al, 1985)



12

(Dudo, 1989; Nichollos, 1989;

Treasure & Roberts, 1994)

4


(Cox, 2002)
(Achievement Goal Theory)
...

...
( Harwood et al, 2000)

(Task involved)

(Ego involved)

(Nicholls & Miller, 1983)
2
(Effort)

(Nicholls, 1989)

(Ames, 1992; Duda, 1993; Dweck & Leggett,

1988; Roberts, 1992; Harwood, Hardy & Swin, 2000)


(Ames, 1988, 1990,
Roberts, 1992)

(Siva II,
Singer et al, 2001)
(Nicholls, 1984)

44

()
2 (Task orientation) (Nichollos, 1989)

6
(Learning) (Dweck & Leggett, 1988)



(Papaioannou, 1995)
(Ego orientation) (Nicholls, 1989) (Dweck & Leggett,
1988)

(Duda, Chi, Newton, Walling, & Catley,

1995; Goudas, Biddle, & Fox, 1994)
(Ntoumanis &
Biddle, 1999)

(Whitehead,
1995)

45
(Wang & Biddle, 2001)

(Cury, Biddle, Sarrazin, & Famose, 1997)

3 (Cox, 2002)

7
1. (Goal Orientation)

(Goal orientation)

2
(Task orientation)

3
(Ego orientation)

(Ewing, 1981 23 Duda &

whitehead, 2001) Achievement Orientation Questionnair (AOQ)
5 (5-point Likert scale)
15

The Motivation Orientation Scales (MOS; Nichools, 1989; Nichools, Patashnick, &
Nolen, 1985)

(the Task and Ego Orientation in
Sport Questionnaire [TEOSQ; Duda, 1989; Duda & Nicholls, 1992]) 13
5 (5-point Likert scale)
(Task orientation) 6 (Ego orientation) 7

MOS TEOSQ 16
13

8
TEOSQ (Balague, Castill, & Tomas,
1996:) (Kim, 1995) (Dorobantu & Biddle, 1997) (Papaioannou &
Diggelidis, 1996) (Li, Hammer, Acock, Vongjaturapat, & Boonverabut, 1996)
(Hayashi & Weiss, 1994)
(Newton & Duda, 1994) (Gano-Overway & Duda, 1996) (Solomaon &
Boone, 1993) (Ebbeck & Becker, 1994) (Boyd & Callaghan, 1994)
1990s
TEOSQ (Task orientation)
4.08 (Ego orientation) 2.87
(cited in Duda & Whitehead,) ()
(the Perception of Success
Questionnaire [POSQ; Roberts, Treasure, & Balague, 1998])
(1989) 2
48 5
(5-point Likert scale)
12
(Roberts, Treasure, & Balague, 1998) Task orientation Mastery
orientation Ego orientation Comptitive orientation POSQ
(Mastery orientation) 6
(Comptitive orientation) 6
POSQ (Task orientation)
4.27 (Ego orientation)
3.03 POSQ (UK)
(Gernigon & Le Bars, 1995) (Roberts & Ommundsen, 1996) (cited in Duda
& Whitehead, 2001)

2. (Goal involvement)

(1989 R.H. Cox, 2002)

9

(Ego involvement)

(Task involvement)

(Williams, 1998)

(Goal Involvement in Sport Questionnaire; GISQ)
(Williams, 1998) (the
Task and Ego Orientation in Sport Questionnaire; TEOSQ)
(Right now)

3. (Motivation Climate)

(Robert, 1992)






(Ames, 1987)

10

(Self-Evaluation) (Performance Assessment)

(Nicholls, 1989)
(Horn & Horn, 2007)



(


(Holt, Tamminen, Black, Mandigo, & Fox , 2009)

(Smith, Smoll, & Cumming, 2007)

(
)

11

(The Perceived Motivational Climate on Sport
Questionnaire; PMCSQ) (Seifriz, Duda, & Chi,
1992) (The Perceived Motivational Climate on
46
Sport Questionnaire2; PMCSQ-2) (Newton, 1994)

(Mastery
climate)

(Competitive climate)


(Performance climate)
(Competitive climate)

12

(Goal orientation)

(Task or Mastery)

(Goal involvement)

(Task or Mastery)

(Ego or Competitive)

(Ego or Competitive)

(Motivation climate)

(Mastery
climate)

(Competitive climate)

1
(Cox, 2002)

(Duda et al., 1995)
(Williams & Gill, 1995; Vlachopoulos & Biddle, 1997)
(Kavussanu & Roberts, 2001; Lemyre et al, 2002)
(Paioannou, 1995)

13

()

(Duda, 1992; Lochbaum & Roberts, 1993)

(Berlant & Weiss, 1997)

2

(Harwood et al.,
2000) Journal of Sport and
Exercise Psychology

(Treasur,
46
Duda, Hall, Roverts, Ames and Maehr,
Task Ego
2001)

14

TEOSQ 72 (USA 44 UK
19 Other 9 ) 1992-1997 Duda & Whitehead, 2001
3.83 2.96
- (21 ) - (20 ) - (13 ) -
(13 ) 2.17 12-14
3.00


30

10

20

34.6

43.6

65.8
TEOSQ
( Duda & Whitehead, 2001)

15

...

... (
78) (U-Siri, 1999)
(Hayashi & Weiss, 1994)
(e.g. Stephens & Bredemeier et al., 1996)
(2553) 2
(High Task and Low
Ego) 6
(High Task and High Ego) 4
(1)
2) 3)

2 (1) (2)
(3)

USA

(NBA) (Major league) (NFL)
(Youth league) (UCLA)

16
USA

(Dispositional) 2

(Task/Mastery
orientation)


(Ego/Competitive orientation)

17
1.
2.
Task orientation .........
Ego orientation .........
3.

4.
5.
6.

7.

. (2549).
.
( ). .
. (2547). .
, 7(1-2): 123-146.
. (2553). .

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